Xenophobia, Nativism and Pan-Africanism in 21st Century Africa

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Pan Africanism

The Prospects and Challenges of Pan-Africanism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toyin Falola ◽  
Chukwuemeka Agbo
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Black People ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Western Education ◽  
New Class ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Pan Africanism ◽  
World Development ◽  
At Home

In line with Thomas Hodgkin’s assertion, the search for Africa’s struggle for liberation, equality, self-determination and the dignity of the African is traceable to the result of the centuries of relationship between Africa and Europe dating at least since the 15th century. That association left Africa at the lowest ebb of the racial pyramid which Europeans had formed. As Africans at home and diaspora began to gain Western education, they began to question the racial and discriminatory ideas of whites against black people. They initiated the campaign for African equality with other races drawing inspiration from Africa’s culture and history to argue that Africa had contributed to world development just like any other race. At home in Africa, this new class of elites launched the struggle for the end of colonial domination in the continent. This movement to lift Africa out of the pit of subordination became known as Pan-Africanism. The movement has recorded tremendous successes, an outstanding example being the decolonization of the continent and the improved position of Africans in diaspora. Scholars have done a great deal of work on these movements and successes. Nevertheless, there is urgent need for a critical appraisal of 21st-century Pan-Africanism.

scholarly journals Pan-Africanism in the 21st century: African union and the challenges of cooperation and integration in Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-311
Author(s):  
Sharkdam Wapmuk
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
African Union ◽  
African Unity ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Pan African ◽  
Pan Africanism ◽  
Agenda 2063

The paper examines the extent to which Pan-Africanism and Pan-African vision of promoting African unity, cooperation and integration has been achieved under the African Union (AU) in the 21st century. It also assesses the challenges of cooperation and integration under the AU. The paper adopted a qualitative approach, while data was gathered from secondary sources and analysed thematically. It notes that the quest for African cooperation and integration is not new, but dates back to philosophy and vision of Pan-Africanism and Pan-African movement from the 1950s and 1960s. This movement later took roots in the continent and championed the struggle of Africans and peoples of African descent for emancipation and the restoration of their dignity, against slavery, colonialism and all forms of racism and racial exploitation, and to overcome developmental challenges. After independence, the Pan-African movement found concrete expression in the establishment of the Organization of Africa Unity (OAU) in 1963, and later transformed to the African Union (AU) in 2002. These continental organisations have served at platforms for the pursuit of Africa cooperation and integration and addressing post-independence challenges with varying successes. The paper revealed that AU’s Pan-African agenda in the 21st century including the African Economic Community (AEC), AU Agenda 2063, and the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), are not without challenges. Addressing these challenges holds the key to achieving the continental goal of unity and achieving the vision and goals pan-Africanism in the 21st century in Africa.

scholarly journals Prácticas políticas, poder y geoestrategia en las civilizaciones del siglo XX y primeras décadas del siglo XXI. Practices, power and geostrategy in the civilizations of the 20th century and first decades of the 21st century.

Psicoespacios ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (14) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Rubén Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Pan Africanism ◽  
Siglo Xx

Practices, power and geostrategy in the civilizations of the 20th century and first decades of the 21st century. Resumen Este artículo reflexiona respecto a las distintas concepciones geopolíticas y geoestratégicas que orientaron y orientan el discurrir del ordenamiento político mundial  durante el siglo XX y parte del nuevo siglo. Estas geopolíticas y  geoestratégicas puestas en la escena del teatro de la guerra evidencian los distintos intereses agenciados por los Estados que controlan los hilos del poder y la política en la arena internacional y nacional. Se pretende con la reflexión posibilitar una mayor comprensión de los acontecimientos más impactante de la civilización del siglo pasado y parte del presente, de tal manera que hagamos memoria y nos convenzamos que esto no puede volver a ocurrir. Metodológicamente es un artículo soportado por fuentes bibliográficas, documentales y audiovisuales. Palabras clave: Geopolítica, geoestratégia, capitalismo, socialismo, fascismo, panafricanismo, colonialismo.     Abstract This article reflects on the different geopolitical and geostrategic conceptions that guided and directed the flow of the global political order during the twentieth century and part of the new century. These geopolitical and geostrategic placed at the scene of the theater of war show the different interests brokered by States that control the strings of power and politics in the international and national arena. It is intended to enable a greater understanding reflection of the most shocking events of the civilization of the past century and part of this, so we do memory and convince us that this can not happen again. Methodologically it is supported by literature, documentaries and audiovisual resources article. Keywords: Geopolitics, geostrategy, capitalism, socialism, fascism, Pan-Africanism, colonialism.

scholarly journals Repositioning Pan-Africanism for Human Security in the 21st Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-161
Author(s):  
Mark Omorovie Ikeke
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Water Education ◽  
The People ◽  
Modern Slavery ◽  
Pan Africanism ◽  
National Boundaries

Africa in the 21st century is still troubled by myriads of problems. These problems include neo-colonialism, modern slavery, ethnicism, racism, xenophobic attacks, environmental degradation, human trafficking, sexual exploitation, war, famine, terrorism, conflicts, etc. All these problems gravely impede human security. Human security is more than military or national security and refers to all that constitutes the good life and makes life more abundant for the people. Human securities include the access to food, portable water, education, good environment, human rights, etc. Resolving and combating these problems will require concerted efforts on the part of many if not all African nations in the continent and Diaspora. Some of these problems cut across national boundaries. Problems like terrorism, illegal migration, human trafficking, sexual exploitation, xenophobic attacks, etc cut across national borders. Though Pan-Africanism may have waned in strength it can be repositioned to harness African cultural and historic values to combat its contemporary problems in the 21st century. A hermeneutic method will be used to interpret the meaning and import of Pan-Africanism and human security. A critical analytic method will be used to discuss the issues. The paper finds and concludes that Pan-Africanism can be re-positioned to enable Africa combat the problems facing her.

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