scholarly journals Bringing Emissions Trading Schemes into Mexican Climate Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
Alejandra Elizondo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Emissions Trading ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Carbon Markets ◽  
Instrument Selection ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
The Us ◽  
Tackle Climate Change

AbstractEmissions trading schemes (ETS) have become popular as a policy instrument to tackle climate change. This chapter analyses the decision to deploy carbon markets and their interaction with other instruments in Mexico’s climate policy. Instrument selection has been thoroughly explored in the regulation and public policy literature (Kern et al. in Res Policy 48, 2019; Capano and Lippi in Policy Sci 50(2):269–293, 2016; Wurzel et al. in German Policy Studies 9:21–48, 2013; Harker et al. in Climate Policy 17(4):485–500, 2017; Baldwin et al. in Understanding regulation, Oxford University Press, 2012; Jordan et al. in Policy instruments in practice. Oxford handbooks online 536–549, 2011), but its application to carbon markets is mainly focused on environments such as Europe, the US and, more recently, China. The decision to adopt an ETS relies not only on specific characteristics of each instrument but also on institutional constraints and messy political considerations. A combination of preferences and institutional factors affect the choice of instruments, and the ultimate decision must be legitimate and instrumental for each context. I analyse the considerations involved in the deployment of the ETS pilot project, looking at its distinctive characteristics and those it shares with other available instruments, as well as the requirements for its implementation.

scholarly journals Moving Steadily or Great Leap Forward? The Emerging Carbon Market in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Shen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Emissions Trading ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Carbon Market ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Carbon Markets ◽  
Emissions Trading Scheme ◽  
Trading Scheme ◽  
Environmental Policy Instrument

China has become a large greenhouse gas (‘GHG’) emissions source due to its rapid industrialisation and urbanisation. Given the heavy environmental footprint caused by China’s economic growth, the Chinese government has recognised the need to control carbon emissions and mitigate climate change. Indeed, China has made remarkable progress in reducing its energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product (‘GDP’). However, these improvements are mainly the result of the most readily available abatement options. Given that simple solutions have almost been exhausted, cost-effective market-based instruments such as carbon emissions trading and carbon markets have become the focus of the Chinese leadership’s attention and have begun to emerge and develop in China. At this stage the primary issue that must be considered by the Chinese government is how to implement an emissions trading scheme (‘ETS’) — whether to adopt such a new environmental policy instrument step by step in an evolutionary manner or whether to fully implement it instantly in a revolutionary way. This article considers the future direction of an emerging carbon market in China. It first provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of current pilot ETS programs in China. Based on the review of these programs, China’s pilot ETS programs and the well-established European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (‘EU ETS’) are compared. The improvements made by, and the shortcomings of, these pilot programs (which could be considered by the Chinese government in choosing an appropriate development model of the ETS in the near future) are summarised. The article concludes by assessing the prospects of an ETS in China.

Public Sector Agency Choice of Policy Instruments Across Governance Systems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly Cigler
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
Instrument Selection ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Selection For

A core responsibility of government is to protect people and property from disasters caused by natural hazards. The wide mix of policy instruments available and their impacts across governance systems to prevent and mitigate such disasters, to prepare and respond when they occur, and to provide for recovery offer a wealth of lessons for understanding policy instrument choice and impacts in a policy arena crucial to ensuring public safety. The array of options spans the entire policy process from problem definition and agenda-setting to policymaking, decision-making, and implementation, as well as evaluation. Regulatory instruments are especially important but individual voluntary behaviors are crucial. Instrument selection for dealing with natural hazards is a relatively understudied but emerging topic in the policy literature overall, which can inform the gamut of classical issues in the study of public policy. Comparative public policy research, an historical perspective, and careful attention to an array of research approaches are especially useful for examining instrument selection for natural hazards policies. This allows for acknowledging the gamut of diverse actors and agencies that span the public, private, and nonprofit sectors, as well as civil society. Policy choices are both domestic and internationalized. Importantly, policy instrument choices need to be examined across multiple levels of governance, both horizontal and vertical, and must not focus solely on the mix of policy instruments but also on actors and institutional structures, settings, and cultures. Research in political science, economics, public policy, and public administration is especially informative regarding public sector agency choice of policy instruments.

scholarly journals Drawing Lessons When Objectives Differ? Assessing Renewable Energy Policy Transfer from Germany to Morocco

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karoline Steinbacher
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Policy Transfer ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Renewable Energy Policy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Instrument Selection ◽  
Policy Objectives

Given the tremendous energy challenges Morocco faces, and its potential role as an exporter of green electricity to Europe, the country has been particularly targeted by Germany’s efforts to promote the uptake of renewable energies abroad. This paper explores whether ideas and policies in the field of renewable energy effectively traveled through transfer channels established between Germany and Morocco. In particular, the question of how Morocco’s policy objectives shaped the result of transfer processes is discussed, shedding light on a currently under-researched determinant for policy transfer. Drawing upon forty-five semi-structured interviews with Moroccan, German, and international stakeholders, as well as card-ranking exercises, the article provides first-hand insights into the dynamics and drivers of Morocco’s “energy transition”. Findings presented in the article show that differing policy objectives did not preclude the transfer of ideas between Germany and Morocco, but shaped its outcome with regard to policy instrument selection. While basic policy orientations in favour of renewable energies were facilitated by transferred knowledge, a perceived incompatibility between domestic policy objectives and the policy instruments used in the foreign model led to selective lesson-drawing from the German example. This finding underlines the importance for “senders” who wish to actively promote sustainable energy policies abroad to adapt outreach strategies to the policy objectives of potential followers.

scholarly journals Ratcheting Up Carbon Trade: The Politics of Reforming EU Emissions Trading

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torbjørg Jevnaker ◽  
Jørgen Wettestad
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Emissions Trading ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Carbon Markets ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Trading Systems ◽  
Emissions Trading System ◽  
The Eu

The EU’s emissions trading system (ETS) covers almost half of its greenhouse gas emissions and has been hailed as the cornerstone and flagship of EU climate policy. In spring 2013, however, the ETS was in severe crisis, with a huge surplus of allowances and a sagging carbon price. Even a formally simple measure to change the timing of auctioning was initially rejected by the European Parliament. Two years later, a much more important, quantity-focused “market thermostat” (the market stability reserve) was adopted, and proposals for a complete ETS overhaul were put on the table. This article examines how it was possible to turn the flagship around so quickly, providing insights into the mechanisms for gradually rendering emissions trading systems more effective. Crucial changes at the EU and national levels are identified, chief among them changes in Germany and in the European Parliament. Furthermore, the quantity-based tightening mechanism discussed could be of relevance for carbon markets outside Europe.

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