The Versatile Amino Acid: Tryptophan—‘More Controlling than Fueling’

2022 ◽  
pp. 117-137
Author(s):  
Christian E. W. Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Tryptophan

Dietary intake of tryptophan tied emotion-related impulsivity in humans

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Javelle ◽  
Descartes Li ◽  
Philipp Zimmer ◽  
Sheri L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Serotonin Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid Tryptophan ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Three Factor

Abstract. Emotion-related impulsivity, defined as the tendency to say or do things that one later regret during periods of heightened emotion, has been tied to a broad range of psychopathologies. Previous work has suggested that emotion-related impulsivity is tied to an impaired function of the serotonergic system. Central serotonin synthesis relies on the intake of the essential amino acid, tryptophan and its ability to pass through the blood brain barrier. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between emotion-related impulsivity and tryptophan intake. Methods: Undergraduate participants (N = 25, 16 women, 9 men) completed a self-rated measure of impulsivity (Three Factor Impulsivity Index, TFI) and daily logs of their food intake and exercise. These data were coded using the software NutriNote to evaluate intakes of tryptophan, large neutral amino acids, vitamins B6/B12, and exercise. Results: Correlational analyses indicated that higher tryptophan intake was associated with significantly lower scores on two out of three subscales of the TFI, Pervasive Influence of Feelings scores r =  –.502, p < . 010, and (lack-of) Follow-Through scores, r =  –.407, p < . 050. Conclusion: Findings provide further evidence that emotion-related impulsivity is correlated to serotonergic indices, even when considering only food habits. It also suggests the need for more research on whether tryptophan supplements might be beneficial for impulsive persons suffering from a psychological disorder.

Highly specific “sensing” of tryptophan by a luminescent europium(III) complex

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1025-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan A. Stubenrauch ◽  
Christian Mevissen ◽  
Marie F. Schulte ◽  
Steffen Bochenek ◽  
Markus Albrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Europium Complex ◽  
Phenanthroline Ligand ◽  
Amino Acid Tryptophan ◽  
Tryptophan Emission

AbstractThe europium(III) complex 1-Cl3 (S,S-2,2′-(((1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-diyl)bis(methanylylidene))bis(azanylylidene))bis(3-methylbutanamide)europiumtrichloride) undergoes, only in the presence of the amino acid tryptophan, a change of emission at 615 nm. In the presence of few equivalents of tryptophan, emission of the europium complex is enhanced while it disappears upon addition of large amounts. This behavior can be assigned to displacement of the sensitizing phenanthroline ligand of 1-Cl2•Trp in the latter case.

scholarly journals Characterization and Incidence of the First Member of the Genus Mitovirus Identified in the Phytopathogenic Species Fusarium oxysporum

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almudena Torres-Trenas ◽  
Encarnación Pérez-Artés
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Genetic Code ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Universal Genetic Code ◽  
The Family ◽  
Amino Acid Tryptophan

A novel mycovirus named Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi mitovirus 1 (FodMV1) has been identified infecting a strain of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi from Colombia. The genome of FodMV1 is 2313 nt long, and comprises a 172-nt 5’-UTR, a 2025-nt single ORF encoding an RdRp of 675 amino acid residues, and a 113-nt 3´-UTR. Homology BlastX searches identifies FodMV1 as a novel member of the genus Mitovirus in the family Narnaviridae. As the rest of mitoviruses, the genome of FodMV1 presents a high percentage of A+U (58.8%) and contains a number of UGA codons that encode the amino acid tryptophan rather than acting as stop codons as in the universal genetic code. Another common feature with other mitoviruses is that the 5′- and 3′-UTR regions of FodMV1 can be folded into potentially stable stem-loop structures. Result from phylogenetic analysis place FodMV1 in a different clade than the rest of mitoviruses described in other Fusarium spp. Incidence of FodMV1-infections in the collection of F. oxysporum f. sp. dianthi isolates analyzed is relatively high. Of particular interest is the fact that FodMV1 has been detected infecting isolates from two geographical areas as distant as Spain and Colombia.

scholarly journals Kynurenine Pathway in Skin Cells: Implications for UV-Induced Skin Damage

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. IJTR.S9835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diba Sheipouri ◽  
Nady Braidy ◽  
Gilles J. Guillemin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Kynurenine Pathway ◽  
Uv Exposure ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Amino Acid Tryptophan ◽  
Inflammatory Component

The kynurenine pathway (KP) is the principle route of catabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan, leading to the production of several neuroactive and immunoregulatory metabolites. Alterations in the KP have been implicated in various neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, immunological disorders, and many other diseased states. Although the role of the KP in the skin has been evaluated in small niche fields, limited studies are available regarding the effect of acute ultra violet exposure and the induction of the KP in human skin-derived fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Since UV exposure can illicit an inflammatory component in skin cells, it is highly likely that the KP may be induced in these cells in response to UV exposure. It is also possible that some KP metabolites may act as pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators, since the KP is important in immunomodulation.

Determination of the amino acid tryptophan and the biogenic amine tryptamine in foods by the heavy atom induced-room temperature phosphorescence methodology

The Analyst ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Cañabate-Díaz ◽  
Antonio Segura Carretero ◽  
Carmen Cruces-Blanco ◽  
Alberto Fernández-Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Biogenic Amine ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Heavy Atom ◽  
Room Temperature Phosphorescence ◽  
Amino Acid Tryptophan

Assays of the Amino Acid Tryptophan in Cherries by HPLC-Fluorescence

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cubero ◽  
F. Toribio ◽  
M. Garrido ◽  
M. T. Hernández ◽  
J. Maynar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Tryptophan

scholarly journals Peculiarities of synthesis and bactericidal properties of nanosilver in colloidal solutions, SiO2 films and in the textile structure: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-343
Author(s):  
A. M. Eremenko ◽  
◽  
I. S. Petryk ◽  
Y. P. Mukha ◽  
N. V. Vityuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Photochemical Synthesis ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Bactericidal Properties ◽  
Silver Nps ◽  
Amino Acid Tryptophan

The aim of this work is a comparative analysis of the biocidal efficiency of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) in the colloidal state, in the structure of films and dispersions of SiO2 and in the composition of textile fabrics, dependent on the method of synthesis, based on literature data and on own researches. Chemical reduction of silver (with borohydrides, hydrogen, hydrazine, etc.) allows one to adjust and control the size and shape of NPs. The shape of the NPs is mostly spherical, what is confirmed by the presence of a band of surface plasmon resonance in absorption spectra and by electron microscopy measurements. To prevent aggregation of NPs obtained by the method of chemical reduction in solution, the optimal ratio of two stabilizers based on surfactants and polymer at their minimum concentration was found, namely NaBH4 as a reductant and polyvinylpyrrolidone + sodium dodecyl sulfate as binary stabilizer of Ag NPs, with bactericidal activity of 99 % and stability for more than 3 years. Chemical reduction of silver ions was carried out also by the amino acid tryptophan (Trp) which has a dual function – a biocompatible reducing agent and stabilizer of silver NPs while maintaining their shape, size and stability for long-term use. Effective methods of photochemical synthesis of Ag NPs have been developed in different ways: by UV irradiation of Ag+ ions in solution in the presence of solid-state photosensitizer SiO2 with adsorbed benzophenone (SiO2/BPh); by UV irradiation of Ag+ ions in solution in the presence of the amino acid tryptophan (Trp); on silica surface when Ag/SiO2 sol-gel films production via irradiation of adsorbed Ag+ ions on SiO2 film (Ag+/SiO2) in the BPh solution. It is shown that when Ag NPs are adsorbed on the surface of highly dispersed SiO2, the logarithm of the reduction of microorganisms reduces and the time of their deactivation increases. A cheap and convenient way to modify of cotton textiles with Ag NPs by soft heat treatment of Ag+/cotton samples with high (90–95 %) efficiency of destruction of bacteria E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. aerogenes, P. vulgaris, S. aureus, C. albicans, etc., with saving of biocidal activity after 5 cycles of washing has been developed. The dynamics of silver ions release from the surface of NPs in the structure of textile upon their contact with water for 72 hours and the number of irreversibly bound particles have been studied. The electrical resistance of the tissue is proportional to the quantity of NPs. That is NPs in the structure are in different degrees of binding, a certain part of them is retained (adsorbed) irreversibly, saving bactericidal properties after repeated contacts with water. On the basis of literature analysis it is shown that ecologically safe “green synthesis” is a promising way to silver NPs produce with pronounced bactericidal efficiency, which is becoming more common due to the large resource of cheap plant raw materials.

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