Automating the Calculation of Damage Caused by Illegal Logging

2021 ◽  
pp. 479-486
Author(s):  
Alexander Baranov ◽  
Victoria Sergeeva
Keyword(s):  
Illegal Logging

Strategi Pembinaan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Pemanfaatan Hutan Kemasyarakatan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-319
Author(s):  
Silya Putri Pratiwi ◽  
◽  
Dian Kagungan ◽  
Eko Budi Sulistio ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Illegal Logging ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Forestry Resources ◽  
Group Association

Forest management in terms of its production function is directed towards management that is oriented towards all potential forestry resources and is based on community empowerment. The Wana Tekat Mandiri Farmer Group Association manages community forests, namely state forests whose main use is aimed at empowering the community. The rampant illegal logging is carried out by irresponsible parties outside of the farmer group association. So that community groups that carry out illegal logging do not support the Regional Government in providing guidance to the Association of Farmer groups in the Sendang Agung District area. The type of research used in this research is descriptive type with a qualitative approach, data collection techniques, observation, interviews, documentation. The results of this study indicate that the strategy of community development and empowerment in community forest utilization has been running well and the implementation of the strategy has been deemed successful in implementation. The coaching strategy has a main objective in the framework of developing a coaching plan in carrying out activities or programs of Gapoktan Wana Tekad Mandiri, namely by how to develop skills, develop knowledge and develop attitudes. The existence of this coaching strategy is expected to have a good empowering impact on the community.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KREDITUR PENERIMA FIDUSIA YANG KEMUDIAN DIRAMPAS UNTUK NEGARA DALAM KASUS ILLEGAL LOGGING

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
Tutiek Retnowati ◽  
Markum Markum
Keyword(s):  
Illegal Logging ◽  
Droit De Suite

Fidusia merupakan pengalihan hak kepemilikan suatu benda atas dasar kepercayaan dengan ketentuan bahwa benda yang hak kepemilikannya dialihkan tersebut tetap dalam penguasaan pemilik benda. Objek jaminan fidusia dapat disita oleh negara jika digunakan untuk melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum. Seperti kasus yang menimpa PT Astra Sedaya Finance, sebagai perusahaan pembiayaan yang merasa telah dirugikan akibat benda jaminan fidusia yang disita negara dari tangan pemberi fidusia selaku debitur karena yang bersangkutan melakukan perbuatan hukun kejahatan llegal logging.yang mengakibatkan benda objek jaminan dirampas oleh negara. Perampasan yang dilakukan oleh negara terhadap objek jaminan dalam kasus illegal logging ini tidak bertentangan dengan droit de suite yang dimiliki penerima fidusia. Hal ini dikarenakan dengan adanya sifat droit de suite tersebut perusahaan pembiayaan sebagai penerima fidusia tidak kehilangan haknya untuk menuntut pelunasan utang pemberi fidusia apabila pemberi fidusia wanprestasi. Perlindungan hukum bagi kreditur dalam hal benda jaminan dirampas oleh negara, dapat diuraikan sebagai berikut bahwa, (1) debitur wajib menyediakan jaminan pengganti yang setara nilainya dengan barang yang dirampas oleh negara; (2) mewajibkan kepada debitur (pemberi jaminan fidusia) supaya melunasi utangnya.

Potensi Kapur Barus (Dryobalanops sumatranensis) Sebagai Sumber Benih Di Desa Siordang Kecamatan Sirandorung Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah

Jurnal Akar ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanta Yolanda Nababan ◽  
Tioner Purba ◽  
Triastuti
Keyword(s):  
Illegal Logging

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi Kapur Barus (Dryobalanops Sumatranensis) sebagai sumber benih yang dilaksanakan di hutan rakyat Desa Siordang Kecamatan Siordang Kawasan Hutan Rakyat di desa Siordang Kecamatan Sirandorung Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah memiliki potensi hasil hutan bukan kayu (HHBK) yang khas berupa Kapur Barus (Dryobalanops sumatranensis) yang tidak terdapat di daerah lain dan memliliki nilai finansial/ekonomi yang cukup tinggi. Namun dengan adanya aktifitas berupa pengembangan areal pemukiman, perladangan masyarakat, perambahan dan illegal logging, populasi pohon kapur barus mengalami penurunan yang cukup signifikan, sehingga di khawatirkan  suatu saat  masyarakat Barus dan desa Siordang memiliki kesulitan dalam mencari bahan baku kapur barus.Untuk itu perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai pertumbuhan kapur barus yang tumbuh di hutan rakyat Sirandorung.             Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis vegetasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan petak ukur jalur, inventarisasi jenis dari tingkat semai sampai tingkat pohon. Parameter yang diamati adalah, jumlah kapur, diameter batang, tinggi pohon sebagai data untuk diolah dalam penaksiran nilai dari kerapatan dan dominansi yang akan dijadikan sebagai sumber benih.  Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah mempunyai tumbuhan kapur barus (Dryobalanops sumatranensis) yang terletak di Desa Siordang Kecamatan Sirandorung yang dijadikan sebagai sumber benih untuk wilayah Sumatera Utara. Hasil inventarisasi menunjukkan terdapat 26 batang pohon yang sudah dijadikan sumber benih yang memiliki tinggi rata-rata 30 m dan diameter 50 cm, ditemukan 105 batang semai, 82 batang tingkat pancang, 40 batang tingkat tiang, dan 26 batang tingkat pohon. Maka dari tingkat semai sampai tingkat pohon pertumbuhannya semakin kecil, karena setiap fase akan mengalami seleksi alam yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan dan aktivitas manusia.    

SYNERGY OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES FOR THE EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE VERIFICATION PROCESS ILLEGALLY HARVESTED WOOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
MARINA BULGAKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Illegal Logging ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Environmental Orientation ◽  
Verification Methods ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Material Evidence

Modern technologies, digitalization and the formation of a new stage of industrialization, called «industrialization 4.0» in the absence of achieving the final goals of the previous stages of transformation, testify to the rapid and multidirectional flow of transformations in society. Despite the desire to unite a tremendous amount of information, each science, discipline, industry, production, etc., is changing based on an individual vector of development, remaining within the framework of digitalization mechanisms recommended by law. This generally does not contribute to the formation of a synergistic effect in certain activities. In this article, the author considers the possibilities of interdisciplinary methods to counter illegal logging through synergy of wood verification methods. The analysis of illegal logging from the point of view of violation of the rights of the Russian Federation, as the owner of the resource, and wood, as material evidence, the storage of which is impossible in a criminal case, together with the results of surveys, allowed the researcher to form and graphically present a mechanism for the implementation of material evidence (wood), identify problematic issues and propose possible ways to resolve them with an emphasis on reducing procedural costs and developing criminal proceedings. The author's definition of the term «wood verification» is proposed, the classification of methods (dendrochronological, forensic identification (including tracological, botanical, forest-pathological, forestry), visual, odorological, stable isotopes, genetic), as well as their characterization. The study concludes with a conclusion on the advisability of transforming the approaches used by some units of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation in order to achieve a synergistic effect in the process of verifying illegally harvested wood and countering criminal encroachments of an environmental orientation.

The phylogenetic analysis of Dalbergia (Fabaceae: Papilionaceae) based on different DNA barcodes

Holzforschung ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 939-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiwei Li ◽  
Jihong Wu ◽  
Yesheng Wang ◽  
Xiaoming Lian ◽  
Feilong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Illegal Logging ◽  
Good Discrimination ◽  
Close Match ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Resources Conservation ◽  
Barcode Gap

AbstractThe genusDalbergiacontains approximately 250 species with many valuable trees being destroyed by targeted and illegal logging. DNA barcoding is a reliable method for the molecular identification of different species and resources conservation. In the present study, the specimen discrimination ability of internal transcribed spacer (ITS),matK,rbcL andpsbA-trnH barcoding were tested onDalbergiasequences, downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and the combined barcoding ITS+matK+rbcL was used to identify unknown specimens. It was found that ITS+matK+rbcL have good discrimination rates based on the analysis methods best match (BM) and best close match (BCM). These barcodes also have the best performance concerning barcode gap distribution, and are able to discriminate unknown specimens from South-China. Furthermore, it was demonstrated thatD. tamarindifoliaandD. rubiginosaare also relatively close to sister-speciesD. pinnataandD. candenatensiswithin the phylogeneticDalbergiatree. Considering the overall performance of these barcodes, we suggest that the ITS+matK+rbcL region is a suitable barcode for identifyingDalbergiaspecies.

scholarly journals Species Delimitation and Conservation in Taxonomically Challenging Lineages: The Case of Two Clades of Capurodendron (Sapotaceae) in Madagascar

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1702
Author(s):  
Carlos G. Boluda ◽  
Camille Christe ◽  
Aina Randriarisoa ◽  
Laurent Gautier ◽  
Yamama Naciri
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Genetic Admixture ◽  
Putative Hybrid ◽  
Illegal Logging ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Genetic Pools

Capurodendron is the largest endemic genus of plants from Madagascar, with around 76% of its species threatened by deforestation and illegal logging. However, some species are not well circumscribed and many of them remain undescribed, impeding a confident evaluation of their conservation status. Here we focus on taxa delimitation and conservation of two species complexes within Capurodendron: the Arid and Western complexes, each containing undescribed morphologies as well as intermediate specimens alongside well-delimited taxa. To solve these taxonomic issues, we studied 381 specimens morphologically and selected 85 of them to obtain intergenic, intronic, and exonic protein-coding sequences of 794 nuclear genes and 227 microsatellite loci. These data were used to test species limits and putative hybrid patterns using different approaches such as phylogenies, PCA, structure analyses, heterozygosity level, FST, and ABBA-BABA tests. The potential distributions were furthermore estimated for each inferred species. The results show that the Capurodendron Western Complex contains three well-delimited species, C. oblongifolium, C. perrieri, and C. pervillei, the first two hybridizing sporadically with the last and producing morphologies similar to, but genetically distinct from C. pervillei. The Arid Complex shows a more intricate situation, as it contains three species morphologically well-delimited but genetically intermixed. Capurodendron mikeorum nom. prov. is shown to be an undescribed species with a restricted distribution, while C. androyense and C. mandrarense have wider and mostly sympatric distributions. Each of the latter two species contains two major genetic pools, one showing interspecific admixture in areas where both taxa coexist, and the other being less admixed and comprising allopatric populations having fewer contacts with the other species. Only two specimens out of 172 showed clear genetic and morphological signals of recent hybridization, while all the others were morphologically well-delimited, independent of their degree of genetic admixture. Hybridization between Capurodendron androyense and C. microphyllum, the sister species of the Arid Complex, was additionally detected in areas where both species coexist, producing intermediate morphologies. Among the two complexes, species are well-defined morphologically with the exception of seven specimens (1.8%) displaying intermediate patterns and genetic signals compatible with a F1 hybridization. A provisional conservation assessment for each species is provided.

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