Localized Knowledge Spillovers, Agglomeration Externalities, and Technological Dynamics in High-Tech Industries. Evidence Based on the EU Regions

2013 ◽  
pp. 131-156
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Runiewicz-Wardyn
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Agglomeration Externalities ◽  
Eu Regions ◽  
Localized Knowledge ◽  
The Eu

scholarly journals Knowledge-intensive Specialisation and Total Factor Productivity (TFP) in the EU Regional Scope

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kijek ◽  
Anna Matras-Bolibok
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Index Number Theory ◽  
Eu Regions ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the paper is to assess the impact of knowledge-intensive specialisation on Total Factor Productivity (TFP) in the EU regional scope. To calculate TFP defined as the aggregated output-input ratio, we employ the multiplicatively-complete Färe-Primont index as it satisfies all economically-relevant axioms and tests from the index number theory. The knowledge intensive specialisation of EU regions is captured by the statistics on high-tech industry and knowledge-intensive services, i.e. the employment in high-tech sectors as a percentage of total employment (HTS). The research sample consists of 248 EU regions at NUTS 2 level. The key findings of the study indicate that the employment in high-tech manufacturing and knowledge-intensive services is not distributed uniformly in the EU regional space. Similarly, TFP also varies substantially across the EU regions. Moreover, the results of the research model estimation show that specialisation in high-tech manufacturing and knowledge-intensive services directly affects regional TFP. The main implication of our analysis for the policymakers is to explore and support knowledge-intensive specialisation patterns, that should be built upon existing regional technological competencies and human capital endowment according to the smart specialisation strategies approach.

scholarly journals Understanding creative, information and knowledge determinants of the economic growth of the EU regions within smart development strategies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1295-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taras Vasyltsiv ◽  
Olha Levytska ◽  
Ruslan Lupak ◽  
Oksana Gudzovata ◽  
Marta Kunytska-Iliash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Global Quality Of Life ◽  
Eu Regions ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

The article substantiates the relevance and necessity of involving creativity, information and knowledge-based capital while forming and implementing the smart specialization policy of the EU regions. The scientific views on the relationship between the processes of economic growth, the use of creative, information and knowledge approaches, smart-oriented spatial and territorial planning are generalized. A new approach for assessing the creative, information and knowledge determinants of the EU regions’ economy transformations with the use of the multivariate regression analysis, a composite method, and strategic structural and functional design is developed. The scores of the sub-indices of the Global Innovation Index, the Global Talent Competitiveness Index and the World Digital Competitiveness Ranking are selected as the initial parameters of regression analysis. The relationships between these factors and the change in the GDP volume per capita, the share of GDP used for gross investment, high-tech exports, and the Global Quality of Life Index are revealed. The composite indicators of the concentration of creative and digital (ICT) industries in the EU regions are calculated (based on the level of enterprise concentration in an industry, the share of the employed in the field and the share of an industry in the regional economy in terms of wages). The priorities of smart specialization strategies of the EU’s individual regions, which are related to creative, information and knowledge factors, are identified. The calculations have confirmed sufficient closeness of the relationship between the use of creative, information and knowledge factors and the fulfillment of the tasks of smart specialization strategies in the EU regions. The sequence of the formation of tools and means for the implementation of the strategy of the regions’ smart specialization in the context of attraction and effective use of the determinants grouped by three directions (creativitization, digitalization and new knowledge) is presented.

scholarly journals What is that’s going on here? A multidimensional time concept is foundational to framing for decision making in situations of uncertainty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Raia ◽  
Lezel Legados ◽  
Irina Silacheva ◽  
Jennifer B. Plotkin ◽  
Srikanth Krishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Cultural Paradigm ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Cultural Dominance ◽  
K 12

AbstractSTEM disciplines are the dominant culture in K-12 education. With its study of organs and diseases that afflict patients’ bodies, Western evidence-based medicine is seen and understood in the modern cultural paradigm as a science and as the practice in which a subject, the doctor, acts on an object; the patient’s body—a dominant culture in the patient’s journey. However, with the continually evolving high-technological and medical knowledge, life-saving therapeutic options are life-changing. They can range from changes in the diet, requiring structural and cultural changes in family life, to changes related to the experiences of learning to live tethered to a machine that is partly inside and partly outside one’s body or with somebody else’s heart. In this article, we show how competing needs to personalize care for the patient as a person forcefully emerge in response to evidence-based medicine’s global cultural dominance. We highlight two fundamental issues emerging in decision-making processes: (1) Framing evidence-based knowledge, uncertainties of the course of the disease and options, and (2) working with different, equally important, and often at odds conceptions of time in the care for the Other. Through the longitudinal analysis of moment-to-moment interactions in high-tech medicine encounters of a patient, his family, and the team caring for them, we show how framing and different conceptions of time emerge as issues, are profoundly interconnected, and are addressed by participants to care for a patient confronting existential decisions.

scholarly journals Competitiveness as the Ability to Adjust: the EU–10 Exports Structure and Its Convergence to the German Pattern

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-133
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Czarny ◽  
Małgorzata Żmuda
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Standard International Trade Classification ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
The Eu

Competitiveness of a nation is associated with a set of characteristics that enable structural adjustment to global technological trends, and as a consequence, a rise in the living standard of its citizens. For catching-up economies, GDP convergence towards the most developed economies, constituting their developmental goal, relies upon its ability to shift production and exports structure towards specialization based on knowledge and innovation. Thus, in this paper, competitiveness is evaluated through structural adjustments of exports, and for catching-up economies (the EU–10 states) it may be understood as the ability to close the structural gap to the most developed countries (here: the strongest EU member economy: Germany). We analyse the evolution of the EU–10 nations’ exports specialization in the years 2000 and 2014, checking whether the convergence towards the German exports pattern can be observed, and which of the analysed economies shows the best ability to shift its exports structure towards high-tech specialization. We look additionally at exports structures in 2004 (the year of EU-accession of eight out of 10 countries in the sample) and in 2009 (world trade collapse during the economic crisis). The analysis is based on the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) concept by Balassa (1965). We use the UN Trade Statistics data in the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC), Rev. 4. Commodity groups are classified following the methodology developed by Wysokińska (1997, p. 18).

scholarly journals Regional Spatial Approach to Differences in Rural Economic Development: Insights from Serbia

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1211
Author(s):  
Žana Jurjević ◽  
Stanislav Zekić ◽  
Danilo Đokić ◽  
Bojan Matkovski
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Rural Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
Eu Regions ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Rural Policy ◽  
The Eu

Rural regions with a larger share of the primary sector in the overall economy are limited in their ability to achieve a sufficient level of competitiveness. In countries such as Serbia, where rural areas play an important role, addressing the problems affecting these areas is important for overall development. The purpose of this study is to determine the socioeconomic performance of the rural regions of Serbia and the EU in order to indicate the position of Serbia’s rural areas in the process of European integration. NUTS 3 (NUTS 2 for Germany) was used for analysis, and from this an Index of Socioeconomic Performance was created. This Index was created using Factor Analysis. The results point to Serbia lagging behind other EU regions in terms of development, with most of Serbia’s rural regions receiving the lowest ratings. These results are cause for alarm and indicate a need to create strategies that will direct resources towards key issues in these areas, whose potential would be adequately used through the implementation of rural policy measures, with the aim of overall socioeconomic development.

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