Multiplier effect, tourism

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Emily Ma
Keyword(s):  
Multiplier Effect

On the Concept of the Foreign Exchange Multiplier

1975 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
J. Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Supply Elasticity ◽  
Aggregate Supply ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
Special Case

Although in recent years there has been increasing recognition of the import¬ance of intermediary imports, the conventional Keynesian treatment of aggregate " supply has-generally been adopted. By assuming supply elasticity and conditions of over-production, such imports are treated as a leakage and-therefore deflationary. This paper investigates another special case which may be a more realistic model for many industrialising economies like Pakistan. Namely, J,y assuming supply bottlenecks and the technical dependence of domestic production on imported inputs, an increase in imports may be inflationary and have an import or foreign exchange multiplier effect.

Problems and prospects of innovative development of enterprises of agroindustrial business

2018 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
O. N. Kolomyts
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Barriers To Innovation ◽  
Multiplier Effect

The article deals with the main barriers to innovation development directly or indirectly affecting the activities of agricultural enterprises. The directions of development of innovations in the enterprises of the agricultural sector are proposed, which will lead to the maximum effect in terms of the multiplier effect on the economy as a whole.

Exhibition and Trade Fair Activity and Economic Crises: response measures and factors for recovery

Communicology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
A.A. Nazarov
Keyword(s):  
Trade Fair ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
Response Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exhibition Industry

The paper represents the analysis of the impact on the exhibition and trade fair activity of the Russian Federation during crisis situations caused by external factors. The author examined the major anticrisis measures, industry statistics and the main trends in the postcrisis phase. The fundamental role of the exhibition industry as a tool is caused by stimulation of economic sectors recovery from the crisis due to the multiplier effect. The particular relevance of the article is justified by a comprehensive study of the state of the industry during the current crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The author provides an overview of main government support measures for the industry and explains factors that have reduced some of these measures. Also, the author examined in detail activities of non-governmental organizations and associations of the exhibition industry in lobbying for the provision of state support and educational and legal assistance to Russian exhibition companies. Thus, the importance of coordinating activities of all participants in the exhibition industry and, in particular, further consolidation of interaction at the level of industry associations, becomes apparent. Besides, the author suggests a number of measures, such as highlighting exhibitions, trade fairs and congresses from the list of mass events following the example of Germany, introducing insurability for exhibition organizers in case of postponement or cancellation of events due to emergency circumstances, standardizing public health and hygiene rules. Their practical application should mitigate the way out of the current situation.

Money Multiplier Bias Due to Informal Sector: An Extension of the Existing Money Multiplier

2021 ◽  
pp. 227797872097988
Author(s):  
Khurrum S. Mughal ◽  
Friedrich G. Schneider ◽  
Faheem Aslam ◽  
Alishba Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
Money Multiplier ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
The Impact

To demonstrate the impact of informal economy on the official money multiplier in currency supply, we present an extension of the basic money multiplier model. The influence of economic policies may differ if they are based only on official statistics without considering the informal sector. Since most of the activities in informal sector are hidden from authorities, it is widely assumed that these activities are based on cash transactions, a part of total currency that cannot be attracted towards deposits due to the holder’s fear of prosecution and taxation, etc. Therefore, it is expected that such currency holdings can give biased results by playing a role in the money multiplier, a phenomenon that is usually ignored while attempting to alter money supply. The article also indicates that because of informal sector, the currency deposit ratio in the money multiplier is smaller than expected (depending on size of the informal sector), leading to a larger multiplier effect. JEL Codes: E26, E51, O17

DEMOCRACY, ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: PROBLEMS OF INTERCONNECTION AND WAYS OF THEIR INCREASE IN UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Smahliuk ◽  
◽  
Tetiana Pokotylo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Economic Complexity ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
National Production ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

The article explores the factors that allow the economies of the countries of the world to achieve sustainable economic growth at different stages of the country's economic development, depending on the level of GDP per capita. Among which are highlighted: basic factors, efficiency factors and innovative factors. For the Ukrainian economy, which is at the stage of focusing on efficiency, the issues of the place, significance and level of economic complexity of the Ukrainian economy and ensuring sustainable economic growth on this basis are considered. Economic diversification and complexity are defined as key drivers of long-term growth. The dynamics of the index of economic complexity in Ukraine is analyzed, modern trends are revealed. Directions and strategic approaches to the diversification of national production are proposed, which could have a significant multiplier effect, increase the complexity and level of knowledge in the economy. It also provides evidence on the relationship between socio-economic development, values of self-expression and democratic institutions. The conclusion is formulated: socio- economic development leads to the spread of the values of self-expression, and they, in turn, to the establishment and strengthening of democratic institutions.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam rangka Mendukung Kelancaran Pelaksanaan Pengelolaan Dana Desa di Desa Kerinjing Kecamatan Tanjung Raja, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Sukanto Sukanto ◽  
Taufiq Marwa ◽  
Dirta Pratama Atiyatna ◽  
Dwi Darma Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Multiplier Effect

Kegiatan dana desa saat ini diarahkan untuk dilaksanakan dengan cara pemberdayaan masyarakat dan swakelola. Salah satu program swakelola adalah cash for work yang bertujuan mencegah terjadinya kebocoran wilayah (regional leakages). Dana desa diharapkan tidak mengalir ke luar desa sehingga dapat menimbulkan multiplier effect bagi pembangunan desa. Bentuk kegiatan dalam cash for work misalnya pembangunan sarana dan prasarana. Hasil disikusi mengidentifikasi masalah-masalah dalam pengelolaan dana desa yaitu: 1) masyarakat belum sepenuhnya memahami pengunaan dana desa sehingga tidak jarang sebagian masyarakat menganggap dana desa sebagai bantuan dari pemerintah. 2) aparat desa belum memahami dengan baik mengenai pengelolaan dana, konsekuensinya mereka ragu dalam menggunakan dana desa karena takut tersangkut kasus penyelewengan dana desa. 3) masyarakat masih kesulitan dalam pengalokasian dana desa walaupun standar baku dari pemerintah sudah ada, 4) beberapa masyarakat mengangap pengelolaan dana desa relatif belum transparan, 5) masyarakat masih sulit menemukenali potensi pendapatan desa sehingga diversifikasi sumber-sumber pendapatan desa masih sangat terbatas.

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