scholarly journals Pharmacology of Pain Transmission and Modulation

Pain Medicine ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
Jürg Schliessbach ◽  
Konrad Maurer
Keyword(s):  
Pain Transmission

scholarly journals Research progress on the mechanism of orexin in pain regulation in different brain regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Xianhui Kang ◽  
Hongli Tang ◽  
Yao Liu ◽  
Yan Yuan ◽  
Mi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Lateral Hypothalamus ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Cardiovascular Control ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Orexin A ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Pain Transmission ◽  
Pain Regulation

Abstract Orexin is a neuropeptide that is primarily synthesized and secreted by the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and includes two substances derived from the same precursor (orexin A [OXA] and orexin B [OXB]). Studies have shown that orexin is not only involved in the regulation of eating, the sleep–wake cycle, and energy metabolism, but also closely associated with various physiological functions, such as cardiovascular control, reproduction, stress, reward, addiction, and the modulation of pain transmission. At present, studies that have been performed both domestically and abroad have confirmed that orexin and its receptors are closely associated with pain regulation. In this article, the research progress on acute pain regulation involving orexin is reviewed.

scholarly journals Substance P Signaling Contributes to Granuloma Formation inTaenia crassicepsInfection, a Murine Model of Cysticercosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armandina Garza ◽  
David J. Tweardy ◽  
Joel Weinstock ◽  
Balaji Viswanathan ◽  
Prema Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Granuloma Formation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Granulomatous Reaction ◽  
Pain Transmission ◽  
Neurokinin 1 ◽  
The Brain

Cysticercosis is an infection with larval cysts of the cestodeTaenia solium. Through pathways that are incompletely understood, dying parasites initiate a granulomatous reaction that, in the brain, causes seizures. Substance P (SP), a neuropeptide involved in pain-transmission, contributes to inflammation and previously was detected in granulomas associated with deadT. crassicepscysts. To determine if SP contributes to granuloma formation, we measured granuloma-size and levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 within granulomas inT. crassiceps-infected wild type (WT) mice and mice deficient in SP-precursor (SPP) or the SP-receptor (neurokinin 1, NK1). Granuloma volumes of infected SPP- and NK1-knockout mice were reduced by 31 and 36%, respectively, compared to WT mice (P<.05for both) and produced up to 5-fold less IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 protein. Thus, SP signaling contributes to granuloma development and proinflammatory cytokine production inT. crassicepsinfection and suggests a potential role for this mediator in human cystercercosis.

scholarly journals Mechanism of Spinal Pain Transmission and Its Regulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 134 (12) ◽  
pp. 1301-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chizuko Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Pain ◽  
Pain Transmission

LIX. The Mechanism of Pain Transmission in Certain Types of Otalgia

1928 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph A. Fenton ◽  
Olof Larsell
Keyword(s):  
Pain Transmission

scholarly journals Role of MAP kinases in sensory neurons on pain transmission

PAIN RESEARCH ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noguchi Koichi
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Map Kinases ◽  
Pain Transmission

scholarly journals Presynaptic AMPA Receptors in Health and Disease

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2260
Author(s):  
Letizia Zanetti ◽  
Maria Regoni ◽  
Elena Ratti ◽  
Flavia Valtorta ◽  
Jenny Sassone
Keyword(s):  
Ampa Receptors ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Actin Dynamics ◽  
Axonal Pathology ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Pain Transmission ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Excitatory Neurotransmission

AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are ionotropic glutamate receptors that play a major role in excitatory neurotransmission. AMPARs are located at both presynaptic and postsynaptic plasma membranes. A huge number of studies investigated the role of postsynaptic AMPARs in the normal and abnormal functioning of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). These studies highlighted that changes in the functional properties or abundance of postsynaptic AMPARs are major mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity phenomena, providing molecular explanations for the processes of learning and memory. Conversely, the role of AMPARs at presynaptic terminals is as yet poorly clarified. Accruing evidence demonstrates that presynaptic AMPARs can modulate the release of various neurotransmitters. Recent studies also suggest that presynaptic AMPARs may possess double ionotropic-metabotropic features and that they are involved in the local regulation of actin dynamics in both dendritic and axonal compartments. In addition, evidence suggests a key role of presynaptic AMPARs in axonal pathology, in regulation of pain transmission and in the physiology of the auditory system. Thus, it appears that presynaptic AMPARs play an important modulatory role in nerve terminal activity, making them attractive as novel pharmacological targets for a variety of pathological conditions.

Mechanisms of pain transmission and transduction

2011 ◽  
pp. 227-247
Author(s):  
Robert W. Gereau ◽  
Laura F. Cavallone
Keyword(s):  
Pain Transmission

Genoset for CALCA and RAMP1 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Are Related to the Magnitude of Headache Symptoms After Concussion: A Preliminary Observation

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (1 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S22.3-S23
Author(s):  
Michael F. La Fountaine ◽  
Anthony Testa
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Saliva Sample ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Commercial Laboratory ◽  
Pain Transmission ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
A Prospective Study

ObjectiveDetermine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the calcitonin gene-related polypeptide (CGRP)-alpha (CALCA) and the receptor activity modifying protein-1 (RAMP1) are related to headache burden during the first week after concussion.BackgroundPost-traumatic headache is a commonly reported symptom after concussion. SNPs related to CGRP are involved in the pathogenesis of migraine headaches and contribute to pain transmission and neurogenic inflammation. It is unclear in concussed persons if the headache burden is associated with genetic variations related to CGRP.Design/MethodsA prospective study was performed in 34 concussed athletes (gender: 23 female, 11 male; age: 20 ± 1 years; height: 1.75 ± 0.12 meters; weight: 73 ± 14 kilograms). Participants completed the symptom evaluation checklist from the SCAT3 within 48 hours of injury (V1), and 4 (V2) and 7 (V3) days after injury. For each visit, the self-reported score (0–6) for headache, pressure in head, blurred vision, and sensitivity to light/noise were summed. The area under-the-curve (AUC) was computed for the early (EHB: V1 to V2) and late (LHB: V2 to V3) burden of headache-related symptoms. A saliva sample was obtained and a commercial laboratory identified the genotype for CALCA (rs3781719) and RAMP1 (rs10185142) using PMR-array. RAMP1 genotypes RAMP1 (TT, TC, CC) and CALCA (AA, AG, GG) genotypes were dichotomized (T+, T−, and A+, A− respectively) and concatenated (T + A+, T + A−, T−A+, T-A−) for analyses.ResultsA significant difference for EHB (p = 0.003, partial η2 = 0.417) was present across RAMP1+CALCA genotypes, but not for the LHB. The T + A+ subgroup had a significantly elevated EHB compared to the all-other subgroups (p < 0.05: T + A + [n = 16]: 31.6 ± 2.6; T + A − [n = 9]: 17.7 ± 3.6; T−A+ [n = 8]: 18.4 ± 3.7; T−A-[n = 1]: 0.0 ± 0.0). Gender served as a covariate and diagnosed concussion history had no impact.ConclusionsThe current analysis provides a proof-of-concept to suggest that the combined T + A+ genoset from RAMP1+CALCA are associated with a greater headache burden in the first 4 days after concussion injury.

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