Modelling Strategies for the Advanced Design of Polymeric Orthodontic Aligners

2017 ◽  
pp. 67-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Barone ◽  
Alessandro Paoli ◽  
Armando Viviano Razionale ◽  
Roberto Savignano
Keyword(s):  
Modelling Strategies

Modelling Agricultural Controls for Flooding and Soil Erosion

2018 ◽  
pp. 776-796
Author(s):  
Roger Moussa ◽  
Bruno Cheviron
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Model Structure ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Research Challenges ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Flow Processes ◽  
Cultivation Practices ◽  
Modelling Strategies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Factors

Floods are the highest-impact natural disasters. In agricultural basins, anthropogenic features are significant factors in controlling flood and erosion. A hydrological-hydraulic-erosion diagnosis is necessary in order to choose the most relevant action zones and to make recommendations for alternative land uses and cultivation practices in order to control and reduce floods and erosion. This chapter first aims to provide an overview of the flow processes represented in the various possible choices of model structure and refinement. It then focuses on the impact of the spatial distribution and temporal variation of hydrological soil properties in farmed basins, representing their effects on the modelled water and sediment flows. Research challenges and leads are then tackled, trying to identify the conditions in which sufficient adequacy exists between site data and modelling strategies.

scholarly journals Understanding Covalent Grafting of Nanotubes onto Polymer Nanocomposites: Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2621
Author(s):  
Seunghwa Yang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Covalent Grafting ◽  
Modelling Strategies ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
External Loads

Here, we systematically interrogate the effects of grafting single-walled (SWNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) to polymer matrices by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We specifically investigate key material properties that include interfacial load transfer, alteration of nanotube properties, and dispersion of nanotubes in the polymer matrix. Simulations are conducted on a periodic unit cell model of the nanocomposite with a straight carbon nanotube and an amorphous polyethylene terephthalate (PET) matrix. For each type of nanotube, either 0%, 1.55%, or 3.1% of the carbon atoms in the outermost nanotubes are covalently grafted onto the carbon atoms of the PET matrix. Stress-strain curves and the elastic moduli of nanotubes and nanocomposites are determined based on the density of covalent grafting. Covalent grafting promotes two rivalling effects with respect to altering nanotube properties, and improvements in interfacial load transfer in the nanocomposites are clearly observed. The enhanced interface enables external loads applied to the nanocomposites to be efficiently transferred to the grafted nanotubes. Covalent functionalization of the nanotube surface with PET molecules can alter the solubility of nanotubes and improve dispersibility. Finally, we discuss the current limitations and challenges in using molecular modelling strategies to accurately predict properties on the nanotube and polymers systems studied here.

An investigation into time-variant subsidence potentials using inclusive multiple modelling strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 112949
Author(s):  
Maryam Gharekhani ◽  
Ata Allah Nadiri ◽  
Rahman Khatibi ◽  
Sina Sadeghfam
Keyword(s):  
Modelling Strategies

scholarly journals Analysis of the Inner Fluid-Dynamics of Scroll Compressors and Comparison between CFD Numerical and Modelling Approaches

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1158
Author(s):  
Giovanna Cavazzini ◽  
Francesco Giacomel ◽  
Alberto Benato ◽  
Francesco Nascimben ◽  
Guido Ardizzon
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Design Procedures ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Modelling Strategies ◽  
Absorbed Power ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Empirical Approaches

Scroll compressors are widely adopted machines in both refrigeration systems and heat pumps. However, their efficiency is basically poor and constitutes the main bottleneck for improving the overall system performance. In fact, due to the complex machine fluid dynamics, scroll design is mainly based on theoretical and/or semi-empirical approaches. Designs strategies that do not guarantee an in-depth analysis of the machine behavior can be supplemented with a Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach. To this purpose, in the present work, the scroll compressor inner fluid dynamics is numerically analyzed in detail using two CFD software and two different modelling strategies for the axial gap. The analysis of the fluid evolution within the scroll wraps reveals unsteady phenomena developing during the suction and discharge phases, amplified by the axial clearance with negative impact on the main fluid flow (e.g., −13% of average mass flow rate for an axial gap of 30 μ) and on the scroll performance (e.g., +26% of average absorbed power for an axial gap of 30 μ). In terms of accuracy, the k-ε offers good performance on the estimation of average quantities but proves to be inadequate for capturing the complexity of the unsteady phenomena caused by the axial gap (e.g., −19% of the absorbed power in case of perfect tip seal). The need for considering specific geometric details in design procedures is highlighted, and guidelines on the choice of the most suitable numerical model are provided depending on the analysis needs.

Simulation of Cement/Clay Interactions: Feedback on the Increasing Complexity of Modelling Strategies

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas C. M. Marty ◽  
Isabelle Munier ◽  
Eric C. Gaucher ◽  
Christophe Tournassat ◽  
Stéphane Gaboreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modelling Strategies

Comparison of two modelling strategies for 2D large-scale flood simulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 105225
Author(s):  
Susanna Dazzi ◽  
Iuliia Shustikova ◽  
Alessio Domeneghetti ◽  
Attilio Castellarin ◽  
Renato Vacondio
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Modelling Strategies ◽  
Flood Simulations

Modelling strategies and FEM approaches to characterize micro-sandwich sheets with unknown core properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-673
Author(s):  
Anthony Michael Fernandes Pimentel ◽  
José Luís de Carvalho Martins Alves ◽  
Nuno Miguel de Seabra Merendeiro ◽  
Tiago Soares
Keyword(s):  
Modelling Strategies ◽  
Sandwich Sheets

Towards a Multiregional NEG Framework: Comparing Alternative Modelling Strategies

2015 ◽  
pp. 13-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Commendatore ◽  
Valerio Filoso ◽  
Theresa Grafeneder-Weissteiner ◽  
Ingrid Kubin
Keyword(s):  
Modelling Strategies

scholarly journals Influence of Prior Distributions and Fragility assessment methods in the estimation of the Magnitude of a Historical Seismic Event

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 02038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Charters Morais ◽  
László Gergely Vigh ◽  
János KrÄhling
Keyword(s):  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
Backbone Curve ◽  
Prior Distributions ◽  
Magnitude Distribution ◽  
Structural Capacity ◽  
Capacity Spectrum ◽  
Distance Distributions ◽  
Dynamic Methods ◽  
Modelling Strategies

The production of fragility functions describing the probable behaviour and damage on historical buildings is a key step in a method for the estimation of the magnitude of historical seismic events that uses a Bayes'. The fragilities are estimated by integrating the structural capacity with the seismic demand using either static methods, as the Capacity Spectrum Method (CSM), or dynamic methods, as Incremental Dynamic (IDA) and Multiple Stripes Analysis (MSA). Uncertainties in both resistance, demand, and distance and magnitude models propagate to the posterior magnitude distribution. The present paper studies the effect of uncertainties related both to the production of fragility functions and prior distributions, in the estimation of the magnitude of the 1763 Komárom earthquake (in historical Hungary). In the XVIII century most of the structures in the region were built of earth, adobe, clay or stone masonry, which is complex to model. While micro or detailed macro-modelling strategies are computationally costly, simplified macro-approaches are often more efficient, but require a pre-identification of the failure mode(s) and the determination of the backbone curve. For this study, a simplified macro-model of a Hungarian peasant house archetype is calibrated for CSM and IDA. The physical and geometrical uncertainties are incorporated in the fragilities using Monte-Carlo simulation. Prior magnitude and distance distributions are studied. The final magnitude estimates are presented and discussed.

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