Determination of Auditory Stimuli for the Auditory Variant of the Detection Response Task Method

AbstractWith the continuous improvement of automated vehicles, researchers have found that automated driving is more likely to cause passive fatigue. To explore the impact of automation and scenario complexity on the passive fatigue of a driver, we collected electroencephalography (EEG), detection-response task (DRT) performance, and the subjective report scores of 48 drivers. We found that in automated driving under monotonic conditions, after 40 min, the alpha power of the driver’s EEG indicators increased significantly, the accuracy of the detection reaction task decreased, and the reaction time became slower. The receiver characteristic curve was used to calculate the critical threshold of the alpha power during passive fatigue. The determination of the threshold further clarifies the occurrence time and physiological characteristics of passive fatigue and improves the passive fatigue theory.

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Development and validation of a gas chromatography method for the determination of β-caryophyllene in clove extract and its application

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93306-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mi Hee Park ◽

Chul Jin Kim ◽

Jin Young Lee ◽

In Seon Kim ◽

Sung-Kyu Kim

Keyword(s):

Active Constituent ◽

Chromatography Method ◽

Ich Guidelines ◽

Specificity Test ◽

Detection Response ◽

Standard Solution ◽

Clove Extract ◽

Pharmaceutical Uses ◽

Development And Validation

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to check the effectiveness of the analysis method that separates and quantifies β-caryophyllene among clove extracts and validate according to current ICH guidelines. The β-caryophyllene was active constituent of clove buds. The developed method gave a good detection response. In the specificity test, the standard solution was detected at about 17.32 min, and the test solution was detected at 17.32 min. The linearity of β-caryophyllen was confirmed, and at this time, the correlation coefficient (R2) of the calibration curve showed a high linearity of 0.999 or more in the concentration range. The levels of LOD and LOQ were 1.28 ug/mL and 3.89 ug/mL, respectively. The accuracy was confirmed to be 101.6–102.2% and RSD 0.95 ~ 1.31%. As a result of checking the repeatability and inter-tester reproducibility to confirm the precision, the RSD was found to be 1.34 ~ 2.69%. This validated GC method was successfully applied to a soft capsule containing clove extract and other materials for clinical trials. Therefore, this method can be used as an analytical tool for quality control of various samples, including clove extracts and their products of food and pharmaceutical uses.

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The Effects of Practice on Navigation Performance and Mental Workload with a Mirror-In-The-Sky Map

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181321651060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 1546-1550

Author(s):

Holland M. Vasquez ◽

Justin G. Hollands ◽

Greg A. Jamieson

Keyword(s):

Task Performance ◽

Secondary Task ◽

Mental Workload ◽

Task Completion ◽

Practice Performance ◽

Global Ratings ◽

Detection Response ◽

Nasa Tlx ◽

Response Task ◽

Completion Times

Some previous research using a new augmented reality map display called Mirror-in-the-Sky (MitS) showed that performance was worse and mental workload (MWL) greater with MitS relative to a track-up map for navigation and wayfinding tasks. The purpose of the current study was to determine—for both MitS and track-up map—how much performance improves and MWL decreases with practice in a simple navigation task. We conducted a three-session experiment in which twenty participants completed a route following task in a virtual environment. Task completion times and collisions decreased, subjective MWL decreased, and secondary task performance improved with practice. The NASA-TLX Global ratings and Detection Response Task Hit Rates showed a larger decrease in MWL with MitS than the track-up map. Additionally, means for performance and workload measures showed that differences between the MitS and track-up map decreased in the first session. In later sessions the differences between the MitS and track-up map were negligible. As such, with practice performance and MWL may be comparable to a traditional track-up map.

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Behavioral Auditory Assessment of Young Infants

American Journal of Audiology ◽

10.1044/1059-0889(2000/015) ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 124-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Candace Bourland Hicks ◽

Anne Marie Tharpe ◽

Daniel H. Ashmead

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Responses ◽

Auditory Stimuli ◽

Behavioral Threshold ◽

Auditory Thresholds ◽

Young Infants ◽

Behavioral Techniques ◽

Behavioral Responsiveness ◽

Forced Choice Task ◽

Age Range

The determination of auditory thresholds by means of behavioral techniques in young infants can be difficult. This could be the result of limitations in methodology, a lack of observable auditory responsiveness, or both. In the current study, 2- and 4-month old infants were tested under enhanced conditions for obtaining behavioral responses (i.e., salient auditory stimuli, reduced visual distractions, reinforced correct responses). A two-interval, forced-choice task with four intensity levels was used. Although a behavioral threshold was obtained for the 4-month-olds, threshold determination for the 2-month-olds remained elusive. In light of the current findings and previous studies of visual acuity of infants, these results suggest a lack of behavioral responsiveness to auditory stimuli for the younger infants rather than methodological limitations. With infants in the 2-month-old age range, clinical audiologists should expect few behavioral responses to auditory stimuli at intensity levels below those that elicit startle responses.

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Individual Differences and Detection Response Task Reaction Times

Neuroergonomics ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-811926-6.00061-0 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 253-254

Author(s):

Antonia S. Conti ◽

Moritz Späth ◽

Klaus Bengler

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Detection Response ◽

Response Task

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A Surrogate Test for Cognitive Demand: Tactile Detection Response Task (TDRT)

10.4271/2015-01-1385 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Li Hsieh ◽

Sean Seaman ◽

Richard Young

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Demand ◽

Detection Response ◽

Tactile Detection ◽

Response Task

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Utilizing a Remote LED Stimulus to Concurrently Measure Cognitive and Visual Task Demand

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1541931218621001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Conner J. Motzkus ◽

Douglas J. Getty ◽

Andrea Campos ◽

Joel M. Cooper ◽

David L. Strayer

Keyword(s):

Reaction Times ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Task Demand ◽

Secondary Tasks ◽

Single Task ◽

Iso Standard ◽

Hit Rate ◽

Detection Response ◽

Response Task ◽

Sensitive Method

The ISO 17488 standard Detection Response Task (DRT) has been validated as an effective tool for measuring fluctuations in cognitive workload while driving and performing secondary tasks. This research evaluated the possibility of consolidating a dual stimulus DRT to a single remote LED stimulus to concurrently measure visual and cognitive demand. Hit rate and reaction times to a remote LED stimulus and an ISO standard vibrotactor stimulus were compared for three in-vehicles tasks: a single task baseline, a cognitively demanding task, and a visually demanding task. Analyses showed that the remote LED and vibrotactor were equally sensitive to cognitive load, while the remote LED was more sensitive to visual load. We suggest the remote LED DRT system serves as a cost-effective, practical, sensitive method to concurrently assess cognitive and visual demand.

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The Effects of Cognitive and Visual Workload on Peripheral Detection in the Detection Response Task

Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ◽

10.1177/0018720818776880 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 60 (6) ◽

pp. 855-869 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Wim van Winsum

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Load ◽

Driving Simulator ◽

Response Times ◽

Cognitive Task ◽

Theory Development ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Task Load ◽

Detection Response ◽

Response Task ◽

Stimulus Eccentricity

Objective: The independent effects of cognitive and visual load on visual Detection Response Task (vDRT) reaction times were studied in a driving simulator by performing a backwards counting task and a simple driving task that required continuous focused visual attention to the forward view of the road. The study aimed to unravel the attentional processes underlying the Detection Response Task effects. Background: The claim of previous studies that performance degradation on the vDRT is due to a general interference instead of visual tunneling was challenged in this experiment. Method: vDRT stimulus eccentricity and stimulus conspicuity were applied as within-subject factors. Results: Increased cognitive load and visual load both resulted in increased response times (RTs) on the vDRT. Cognitive load increased RT but revealed no task by stimulus eccentricity interaction. However, effects of visual load on RT showed a strong task by stimulus eccentricity interaction under conditions of low stimulus conspicuity. Also, more experienced drivers performed better on the vDRT while driving. Conclusion: This was seen as evidence for a differential effect of cognitive and visual workload. The results supported the tunnel vision model for visual workload, where the sensitivity of the peripheral visual field reduced as a function of visual load. However, the results supported the general interference model for cognitive workload. Application: This has implications for the diagnosticity of the vDRT: The pattern of results differentiated between visual task load and cognitive task load. It also has implications for theory development and workload measurement for different types of tasks.

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