scholarly journals Advances in Chickpea Genomic Resources for Accelerating the Crop Improvement

2017 ◽  
pp. 53-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Roorkiwal ◽  
Ankit Jain ◽  
Mahendar Thudi ◽  
Rajeev K. Varshney
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genomic Resources

Efficient High-throughput Techniques for the Analysis of Disease-Resistant Plant Varieties and Detection of Food Adulteration

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romesh Kumar Salgotra ◽  
Rafiq Ahmad Bhat ◽  
Deyue Yu ◽  
Javaid Akhter Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Genomic Resources ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs

Abstract: Over the past two decades, the advances in the next generation sequencing (NGS) platforms have led to the identification of numerous genes/QTLs at high-resolution for their potential use in crop improvement. The genomic resources generated through these high-throughput sequencing techniques have been efficiently used in screening of particular gene of interest particularly for numerous types of plant stresses and quality traits. Subsequently, the identified-markers linked to a particular trait have been used in marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) activities. Besides, these markers are also being used to catalogue the food crops for detection of adulteration to improve the quality of food. With the advancement of technologies, the genomic resources are originating with new markers; however, to use these markers efficiently in crop breeding, high-throughput techniques (HTT) such as multiplex PCR and capillary electrophoresis (CE) can be exploited. Robustness, ease of operation, good reproducibility and low cost are the main advantages of multiplex PCR and CE. The CE is capable of separating and characterizing proteins with simplicity, speed and small sample requirements. Keeping in view the availability of vast data generated through NGS techniques and development of numerous markers, there is a need to use these resources efficiently in crop improvement programmes. In summary, this review describes the use of molecular markers in the screening of resistance genes in breeding programmes and detection of adulterations in food crops using high-throughput techniques.

Genomic Resources and Omics-Assisted Breeding Approaches for Pulse Crop Improvement

2018 ◽  
pp. 13-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javaid Akhter Bhat ◽  
S. M. Shivaraj ◽  
Sajad Ali ◽  
Zahoor Ahmad Mir ◽  
Aminul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genomic Resources ◽  
Pulse Crop

Updates on Genomic Resources in Chickpea for Crop Improvement

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Rajesh Ghangal ◽  
Vikash K. Singh ◽  
Niraj K. Khemka ◽  
Mohan Singh Rajkumar ◽  
Rohini Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genomic Resources

scholarly journals Exploiting Genomic Resources for Efficient Conservation and Use of Chickpea, Groundnut, and Pigeonpea Collections for Crop Improvement

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Laxmipathi Gowda ◽  
Hari D. Upadhyaya ◽  
Shivali Sharma ◽  
Rajeev K. Varshney ◽  
Sangam L. Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genomic Resources

scholarly journals Sustainable Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Production through Improved Technology: An Overview of Production, Challenges, and Opportunities in Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Myint ◽  
Syed A. Gilani ◽  
Makoto Kawase ◽  
Kazuo N. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Genomic Resources ◽  
Improvement Programs

This paper aims to review the research achievements concerning sustainable sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) production and outlook on the production constraints and future perspectives for Myanmar sesame. Sesame is an economically and nutritionally important crop, and it is prized for oil. The global sesame market demand is rising with increasing health awareness. Meanwhile, there is high competition in the market among producing countries for an international trade. Smallholder farmers in developing countries cultivate sesame as a cash crop on marginal soils. The edible oilseed sectors currently face several challenges, including ones affecting sesame crops. For sustainable production of sesame, an integrated approach is needed to overcome these challenges and the critical limiting factors should be identified. In recent years, sesame genomic resources, including molecular markers, genetic maps, genome sequences, and online functional databases, are available for sesame genetic improvement programs. Since ancient times, sesame has been cultivated in Myanmar, but productivity is still lower than that of other sesame producing countries. Myanmar sesame production is limited by many factors, including production technology, research and development, etc. With integration of these genomic resources, crop production and protection techniques, postharvest practices, crop improvement programs, and capacity building will play a crucial role for improving sesame production in Myanmar.

scholarly journals Translational genomics and molecular breeding for enhancing precision and efficiency in crop improvement programs: Some examples in legumes

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (01S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Bohra ◽  
Chellapilla Bharadwaj ◽  
T. Radhakrishnan ◽  
Narendra P. Singh ◽  
Rajeev K. Varshney
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Genomic Resources ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
Improvement Programs

Legumes like chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut are protein rich, nutrient-dense, and nitrogen fixing crops. Their importance is increasingly recognized in view of the urgent need to address burgeoning malnutrition problem and to impart sustainability to cropping systems. Breeding programs in these crops have achieved great success. However, consistent improvement in genetic gains demands integration of innovative tools and technologies with crop breeding programs. Genomic resources are of paramount significance in context of improving the efficiency and precision of crop breeding schemes. The last decade has witnessed a remarkable success in generating unprecedented genomic resources in these crops, thus transforming these genomic orphans into genomic resource rich crops. These genomic resources include array-based genotyping platforms, high-resolution genetic linkage maps/HapMaps, comprehensive transcriptome assemblies and gene expression atlas, and whole genome sequences etc. Further progression from the training phase (development) to breeding (deployment) phase is marked with the current availability of a variety of molecular breeding products in these legume crops. In the present review, we discuss how deployment of the modern genomic resources such as next-generation gene discovery techniques and “gold standard experimental designs” is furthering our knowledge about the genetic underpinnings of trait variation. Also, key success stories demonstrating the power of molecular breeding in these legume crops are highlighted. It is opined that the breeding populations constantly improved by sequence-based breeding approach will greatly help improving breeding traits and the genetic gains accruable from crop breeding programs.

scholarly journals A roadmap for gene functional characterisation in wheat

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai M Adamski ◽  
Philippa Borrill ◽  
Jemima Brinton ◽  
Sophie Harrington ◽  
Clemence Marchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Functional Genomic ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Model Species ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Genomic Resources ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Functional Characterisation ◽  
Recent Developments

Research in Arabidopsis and other model species has uncovered mechanisms regulating important biological processes in plants. With the advent of high quality functional genomic resources in wheat it is now possible to use this knowledge for crop improvement directly in wheat. In the current review, we describe some of the recent developments in wheat genomics focussing on published and publicly available resources and tools. We lay out a roadmap on how to make use of them and include a case study to exemplify them. We hope this review will be a helpful guide for plant scientists who already work on wheat or who are considering expanding their research into wheat.

Molecular Biology and Crop Improvement

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Austin ◽  
R. B. Flavell ◽  
I. E. Henson ◽  
H. J. B. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Crop Improvement

Evaluation of Gloriosa superba for Yield Attributing Characters and Quantification of Colchicine Originated from Different Agro Climatic Zones of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar P. ◽  
Elangaimannan R.
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Gloriosa Superba ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Colchicine Alkaloid

The study was conducted to evolve Gloriosa superba for yield characters and alkalodi content for selecting elite genotypes for comercial exploitatio n. The genotypes were sowm in Variyankaval village, Udayarpalayam taluk of Ariyalur district, Tamil Nadu. The highest mean value for fresh and dry seed yield was observed in Chittor local. The genotype Mulanur local has recorded the highest mean value for number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod and Arupukotai local excelled the general mean for the traits seeds per pod, fresh and dry seed yield and also for tuber characters. An investigation was carried out to quantify the colchicine (alkaloid) present in tubers by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method. The genotypes collected from Arupukotai recorded the highest colchicine content (0.760 mg/g) followed by Chittoor (0.578 mg/g) and Mulanur (0.496 mg/g) and there by these three genotypes were utilized for further crop improvement.

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