Monitoring Mental State During Real Life Office Work

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Brouwer ◽  
Loïs van de Water ◽  
Maarten Hogervorst ◽  
Wessel Kraaij ◽  
Jan Maarten Schraagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Office Work

scholarly journals People–plant Relationships in an Office Workplace: Perceived Benefits for the Workplace and Employees

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 744-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Dyrhauge Thomsen ◽  
Hans K.H. Sønderstrup-Andersen ◽  
Renate Müller
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Initial Attempt ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Individual

The study presented in this article represents an initial attempt to generate in-depth information about how ornamental plants in real-life office workplaces interact with workplace characteristics, thus influencing working environment and well-being of the employees. Using a qualitative, explorative, and inductive case-study design, the study provides an example of how a cross-disciplinary unit engaged in administrative office work at a Danish institution applied ornamental plants. The results document that ornamental plants are an integrated part of the workplace. The employees used ornamental plants in numerous ways to either actively manipulate different aspects of the surroundings or more passively cope with demands from the surroundings. Furthermore, the use of the ornamental plants was structured by a number of factors: culture and traditions, provisional orders, organizational structures, practices, values and history, company policies, and characteristics of the indoor architectural environment. Ornamental plants were perceived as affecting many aspects of the working environment (e.g., the physical surroundings, the social climate, image of the workplace, etc.), the individual's well-being (e.g., mood, general well-being, emotions, self confidence, etc.), and to some degree the workplace's competitiveness. However, the actual effects were the results of a complex interaction among the way the ornamental plants were applied, characteristics of the present ornamental plants (e.g., size, species and condition), and characteristics of the individual employee (e.g., personal experiences, preferences, and values).

scholarly journals Dynamics in typewriting performance reflect mental fatigue during real-life office work

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. e0239984
Author(s):  
Marlon de Jong ◽  
Anne M. Bonvanie ◽  
Jacob Jolij ◽  
Monicque M. Lorist
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Office Work

scholarly journals Theory of Mind (ToM) and counterfactuality deficits in schizophrenia: misperception or misinterpretation?

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1075-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID I. LEITMAN ◽  
RACHEL ZIWICH ◽  
ROEY PASTERNAK ◽  
DANIEL C. JAVITT
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Pitch Perception ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Detection Ability ◽  
Subjective State ◽  
Affective Prosody ◽  
Significant Relationships

Background. Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to the ability to infer another person's mental state based upon interactional information. ToM deficits have been suggested to underlie crucial aspects of social interaction failure in disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, although the development of paradigms for demonstrating such deficits remains an ongoing area of research. Recent studies have explored the use of sarcasm perception, in which subjects must infer an individual's sincerity or lack thereof, as a ‘real-life’ index of ToM ability, and as an index of functioning of specific right hemispheric structures. Sarcastic detection ability has not previously been studied in schizophrenia, although patients have been shown to have deficits in ability to decode emotional information from speech (‘affective prosody’).Method. Twenty-two schizophrenia patients and 17 control subjects were tested on their ability to detect sarcasm from spoken speech as well as measures of affective prosody and basic pitch perception.Results. Despite normal overall intelligence, patients performed substantially worse than controls in ability to detect sarcasm (d=2·2), showing both decreased sensitivity (A′) in detection of sincerity versus sarcasm and an increased bias (B″) toward sincerity. Correlations across groups revealed significant relationships between impairments in sarcasm recognition, affective prosody and basic pitch perception.Conclusions. These findings demonstrate substantial deficits in ability to infer an internal subjective state based upon vocal modulation among subjects with schizophrenia. Deficits were related to, but were significantly more severe than, more general forms of prosodic and sensorial misperception, and are consistent with both right hemispheric and ‘bottom-up’ theories of the disorder.

scholarly journals Dispensing with the Subjective Moral ‘Ought’

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-246
Author(s):  
Amelia Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Moral Theory ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Ideal Theory ◽  
Ought Implies Can ◽  
Adequate Theory ◽  
Moral Theories ◽  
Action Guidance ◽  
Blameless Wrongdoing

There are cases in which, intuitively, an agent’s action is both morally right in one sense and morally wrong in another sense. Such cases (along with other intuitions about blameless wrongdoing and action-guidance) support distinguishing between the objective moral ‘ought’ and the subjective moral ‘ought.’ This chapter argues against drawing this distinction on the grounds that the prescriptions delivered by an adequate objective moral theory must be sensitive to the mental states of agents. Specifically, an adequate theory of the objective moral ‘ought’ must respect a strong ought-implies-can principle—morally ought implies agentially can—in order to prescribe actions to real-life agents. An agent’s mental states determine what is agentially possible for that agent; thus, what an agent objectively morally ought to do is in part determined by the agent’s mental states. This chapter describes the structure of a compelling non-ideal moral theory that is both objective and mental state-sensitive. This non-ideal theory illuminates the shortcomings of extant objectivist and subjectivist moral theories and illustrates how we can dispense with the subjective moral ‘ought.’

Towards a poetics of immersion in lyric translation

Target ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Imaginary World ◽  
Original Poems ◽  
The World ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Cognitive Narratology

Abstract This study, with reference to a variety of English translations of Chinese ci poetry (詞), sets out to demonstrate a mental state of ‘aesthetic illusion’, in which the translator-as-reader gets immersed into (an) imaginary world(s) triggered by the original poems and imaginatively experiences the world(s) “in analogous ways to real-life experience” (Wolf 2013a, 11–12). It argues that the translator-as-reader’s imaginary experience of the world(s) ‘from within’ activates a variety of manifestations and implementations of narrativity, and affects the interplay between the lyric and narrative modes in the translated lyric poems. Drawing on analytical concepts and methods from cognitive narratology, aesthetic illusion, and reading psychology, this study aims at foregrounding the translator’s role as an immersive reader, a “side-participant” (Gerrig 1993) in the represented worlds, and at giving an enriched account of what the translator’s reading of the original poems involve.

scholarly journals Online Disinhibition: Reconsideration of the Construct

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Ruohan ◽  
Asako Miura
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Online Disinhibition ◽  
Improved Model

On the Internet, behaviors that differ from those in real-life situations sometimes appear. The online disinhibition theory, pioneered by Suler(2004), has been frequently cited in empirical studies as a theory to explain this mechanism. However, the construct of online disinhibition has not yet reached a consensus. This study aimed to explore an appropriate construct of online disinhibition for psychological research, and propose a model to explain how online disinhibition works. First, we pointed out that previous studies have dealt with online disinhibition from three perspectives. After discussing contributions and limitations of each perspective, we argued that psychological research had better to deal with online disinhibition from the perspective of mental state. Next, we reviewed three significant models about how online disinhibition works: the “benign/toxic disinhibition model”, the “online disinhibition/ behaviors model”, and the “online disinhibition and deindividuation model”. Finally, in order to solve the limitations of these models, we proposed the “motivation-based online disinhibition model”, as an improved model.

A peek in the micro-sized world: a review of design principles, engineering tools, and applications of engineered microbial community

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-409
Author(s):  
Baizhen Gao ◽  
Rushant Sabnis ◽  
Tommaso Costantini ◽  
Robert Jinkerson ◽  
Qing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Global Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Synthetic Microbial Communities

Microbial communities drive diverse processes that impact nearly everything on this planet, from global biogeochemical cycles to human health. Harnessing the power of these microorganisms could provide solutions to many of the challenges that face society. However, naturally occurring microbial communities are not optimized for anthropogenic use. An emerging area of research is focusing on engineering synthetic microbial communities to carry out predefined functions. Microbial community engineers are applying design principles like top-down and bottom-up approaches to create synthetic microbial communities having a myriad of real-life applications in health care, disease prevention, and environmental remediation. Multiple genetic engineering tools and delivery approaches can be used to ‘knock-in' new gene functions into microbial communities. A systematic study of the microbial interactions, community assembling principles, and engineering tools are necessary for us to understand the microbial community and to better utilize them. Continued analysis and effort are required to further the current and potential applications of synthetic microbial communities.

The Speech-Language Pathologist in the Public Schools: Preparation for Real Life Practices From the Perspective of a Speech-Language Pathology Program Coordinator

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Francine Wenhardt
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Effective School ◽  
Program Coordinator ◽  
Educational Preparation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
New Graduate ◽  
Language Pathology

Abstract The speech-language pathologist (SLP) working in the public schools has a wide variety of tasks. Educational preparation is not all that is needed to be an effective school-based SLP. As a SLP currently working in the capacity of a program coordinator, the author describes the skills required to fulfill the job requirements and responsibilities of the SLP in the school setting and advises the new graduate regarding the interview process and beginning a career in the public schools.

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