The popularity of public transportation has increased as infrastructures have been repaired and other supporting facilities have been added. One of the facilities which can be added in the transportation system is the implementation of Near Field Communication in order to accelerate each transaction in the transportation system. In airports, transaction activities need to be done efficiently, like claiming baggage at the baggage carousel. The speed of transaction to claim the baggage depends on the number of officers, passengers, and the amount of baggage brought by the passengers. In the conventional system, the most effective way of getting the maximum speed of transaction is to have officers as many as the number of passengers, but this is not efficient regarding the use of human resources. The use of Near Field Communication can solve the problem related to the efficiency of resources, safety, and the increasing speed of transaction.
This chapter provides an overview of Near Field Communication (NFC) technology. It first introduces the technology and gives a brief history. It examines what the technology is and how it works. It looks at the various operation modes and hardware architectures available for the technology. This is followed by some examples in use of the technology today, in particular NFC in use in mobile payment environment. The chapter then focuses on NFC technology from the perspective of security and privacy of personal information when using the technology. Finally, the chapter looks at the security and privacy challenges that are currently faced by the technology and suggests some possible solutions to these challenges.
The phrase the Internet of things was originally coined in a 1999 presentation about attaching radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to individual objects. These tags would make the objects machine-readable, uniquely identifiable, and, most importantly, wirelessly communicative with infrastructure. This chapter evaluates RFID as a piece of mobile communicative infrastructure, and it examines two emerging forms: near-field communication (NFC) and Bluetooth low-energy beacons. The chapter shows how NFC and Bluetooth low-energy beacons may soon move some types of RFID to smartphones, in this way evolving the use of RFID in payment and transportation and enabling new practices of post-purchasing behaviors.
The aim of this work is to tackle the problem of modulation wave shaping in the field of near field communication (NFC) radio frequency identification (RFID). For this purpose, a high-efficiency transmitter circuit was developed to comply with the strict requirements of the newest EMVCo and NFC Forum specifications for pulse shapes. The proposed circuit uses an outphasing modulator that is based on a digital-to-time converter (DTC). The DTC based outphasing modulator supports amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation, operates at four times the 13.56 MHz carrier frequency and is made fully differential in order to remove the parasitic phase modulation components. The accompanying transmitter logic includes lookup tables with programmable modulation pulse wave shapes. The modulator solution uses a 64-cell tapped current controlled fully differential delay locked loop (DLL), which produces a 360° delay at 54.24 MHz, and a glitch-free multiplexor to select the individual taps. The outphased output from the modulator is mixed to create an RF pulse width modulated (PWM) output, which drives the antenna. Additionally, this implementation is fully compatible with D-class amplifiers enabling high efficiency. A test circuit of the proposed differential multi-standard reader’s transmitter was simulated in 40 nm CMOS technology. Stricter pulse shape requirements were easily satisfied, while achieving an output linearity of 0.2 bits and maximum power consumption under 7.5 mW.
Near-field communication (NFC) is a low-power wireless communication technology used in contemporary daily life. This technology contributes not only to user identification and payment methods, but also to various biomedical fields such as healthcare and disease monitoring. This paper focuses on biomedical applications among the diverse applications of NFC. It addresses the benefits of combining traditional and new sensors (temperature, pressure, electrophysiology, blood flow, sweat, etc.) with NFC technology. Specifically, this report describes how NFC technology, which is simply applied in everyday life, can be combined with sensors to present vision and opportunities to modern people.
APPLYING APPLICATION-BASED NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION (NFC) PAYMENT SYSTEM FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN INDONESIA (CASE STUDY OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN JAKARTA)