CTG Annotator – Novel Tool for Better Insight into Expert-obstetrician Decision Making Processes

2013 ◽  
pp. 1280-1282
Author(s):  
L. Zach ◽  
V. Chudáček ◽  
M. Huptych ◽  
J. Spilka ◽  
M. Burša ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Insight Into

Diagnostic conversations: Clinical Decision Making in surgery – Part 2

Diagnosis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Allan Watters ◽  
Spencer Wynyard Beasley ◽  
Wendy Crebbin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Clinical Decisions ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Royal Australasian College ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Made In

AbstractProceduralists who fail to review their decision making are unlikely to learn from their experiences, irrespective of whether the operative outcome is successful or not. Teaching junior surgeons to develop ‘insight’ into their own decision making has long been a challenge. Surgeons and staff of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons worked together to develop a model to help explain the processes around clinical decision making and incorporated this model into a Clinical Decision Making (CDM) training course. In this course, faculty apply the model to specific surgical cases, within the model’s framework of how clinical decisions are made; thus providing an opportunity to identify specific decision making processes as they occur and to highlight some of the learning opportunities they provide. The conversation in this paper illustrates the kinds of case-based interactions which typically occur in the development and teaching of the CDM course.The focus in this, the second of two papers, is on reviewing post-operative clinical decisions made in relation to one case, to improve the quality of subsequent decision making.

scholarly journals Analyzing How Discursive Practices Affect Physicians’ Decision-Making Processes: A Phenomenological-Based Qualitative Study in Critical Care Contexts

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 004695801773196
Author(s):  
Luigina Mortari ◽  
Roberta Silva
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Health Care Practices ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Icu Physicians ◽  
Insight Into

An intensive care unit (ICU) is a demanding environment, defined by significant complexity, in which physicians must make decisions in situations characterized by high levels of uncertainty. This study used a phenomenological approach to investigate the decision-making (DM) processes among ICU physicians’ team with the aim of understanding what happens when ICU physicians must reach a decision about the infectious status of a patient. The focus was put on the identification of how the discursive practices influence physicians’ DM processes and on how different ICU environments make different discursive profiles emerge, particularly when a key issue is at the center of the physicians’ discussion. A naturalistic approach used in this study is particularly suitable for investigating health care practices because it can best illuminate the essential meaning of the “lived experiences” of the participants. The findings revealed a common framework of elements that provide insight into DM processes in ICUs and how these are affected by discursive practices.

scholarly journals Environmental Justice in India: The National Green Tribunal and Expert Members

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gitanjali Nain Gill
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Environmental Disputes ◽  
Scientific Experts ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Technical Expert ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThis article argues that the involvement of technical experts in decision making promotes better environmental results while simultaneously recognizing the uncertainty in science. India’s record as a progressive jurisdiction in environmental matters through its proactive judiciary is internationally recognized. The neoteric National Green Tribunal of India (NGT) – officially described as a ‘specialised body equipped with necessary expertise to handle environmental disputes involving multi-disciplinary issues’ – is a forum which offers greater plurality for environmental justice. The NGT, in exercising wide powers, is staffed by judicial and technical expert members who decide cases in an open forum. The experts are ‘central’, rather than ‘marginal’, to the NGT’s decision-making process.This article draws on theoretical insights developed by Lorna Schrefler and Peter Haas to analyze the role of scientific experts as decision makers within the NGT. Unprecedented interview access provides data that grants an insight into the internal decision-making processes of the five benches of the NGT. Reported cases, supported by additional comments of bench members, illustrate the wider policy impact of scientific knowledge and its contribution to the NGT’s decision-making process.

scholarly journals Adapting to Constraints - A Study of Green Star New Zealand's Effects on Decision Making using Classic Grounded Theory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hendrik Prins
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Classic Grounded Theory ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Core Variable

<p>Over the last 25 years building rating systems have been developed to quantify and promote sustainable development in the construction industry. Many countries have now developed their own rating system and some systems have been adapted for international use. The different outcomes and results from their use have been under much scrutiny from developers, clients, industry, and academics. Concerns such as increased cost, points buying, and discrepancies between the rated design and completed projects have been identified.   In order to better understand why these concerns occur, the Green Star New Zealand rating system – adapted from Green Star Australia – was studied to quantify its effects on rated projects. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of Green Star New Zealand on the decision making process. Specifically, the way in which this system affects the decision making processes during the design of a rated building was investigated to provide insight into reasons why these different outcomes may occur.   This was undertaken through a classic grounded theory study during which professionals experienced in the use of Green Star were interviewed, and the data collected from the interviews was inductively analysed to generate conceptual theory and concepts. The interview data and discussion with the participants identified that decision making is affected largely through the different constraints and conditions encountered when using Green Star and how they are adapted to. These are applied to decision making through a number of different ways, being directly or indirectly related to Green Star, something decided on with or without prior experience, or internal or external to the design team.  The analysis identified several categories which explained processes and behaviours resulting from the use of Green Star. These are ‘managing Green Star requirements’, ‘credit targeting’, ‘working with unknowns’, ‘disconnection of knowledge’, and ‘balancing project requirements’. It is these categories that caused adaptation to emerge as the primary process of resolving constraints, with ‘adapting to constraints’ emerging as the core variable.</p>

scholarly journals Cognitive and neural bases of decision-making causing civilian casualties during intergroup conflict

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochun Han ◽  
Shuai Zhou ◽  
Nardine Fahoum ◽  
Taoyu Wu ◽  
Tianyu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Frontal Activity ◽  
International Laws ◽  
Neural Bases ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractCivilian casualties occur during military attacks. Such “collateral damage” is prohibited by international laws but increases with substantial consequences when intergroup conflict escalates. Here, we investigate cognitive and neural bases of decision-making processes resulting in civilian harm, using a task that simulates punishment decision-making during intergroup conflict. We test two groups of Chinese participants in a laboratory setting, and two ethnic groups (Jewish and Palestinian) in Israel. The results dissociate two psychological constructs, harm preference and harm avoidance, which respectively characterize punishment decision-making related to outgroup combatants and outgroup noncombatants during intergroup conflict. In particular, individuals show decreased avoidance of harming outgroup noncombatants when conflict escalates. Brain imaging (functional magnetic resonance imaging) reveals that decreased harm avoidance is predicted by inhibition of the left middle frontal activity during selection of punishment decisions. Our findings provide insight into the cognitive and neural bases of decision-making involving civilian harm during intergroup conflict.

scholarly journals Adapting to Constraints - A Study of Green Star New Zealand's Effects on Decision Making using Classic Grounded Theory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hendrik Prins
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Classic Grounded Theory ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Core Variable

<p>Over the last 25 years building rating systems have been developed to quantify and promote sustainable development in the construction industry. Many countries have now developed their own rating system and some systems have been adapted for international use. The different outcomes and results from their use have been under much scrutiny from developers, clients, industry, and academics. Concerns such as increased cost, points buying, and discrepancies between the rated design and completed projects have been identified.   In order to better understand why these concerns occur, the Green Star New Zealand rating system – adapted from Green Star Australia – was studied to quantify its effects on rated projects. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of Green Star New Zealand on the decision making process. Specifically, the way in which this system affects the decision making processes during the design of a rated building was investigated to provide insight into reasons why these different outcomes may occur.   This was undertaken through a classic grounded theory study during which professionals experienced in the use of Green Star were interviewed, and the data collected from the interviews was inductively analysed to generate conceptual theory and concepts. The interview data and discussion with the participants identified that decision making is affected largely through the different constraints and conditions encountered when using Green Star and how they are adapted to. These are applied to decision making through a number of different ways, being directly or indirectly related to Green Star, something decided on with or without prior experience, or internal or external to the design team.  The analysis identified several categories which explained processes and behaviours resulting from the use of Green Star. These are ‘managing Green Star requirements’, ‘credit targeting’, ‘working with unknowns’, ‘disconnection of knowledge’, and ‘balancing project requirements’. It is these categories that caused adaptation to emerge as the primary process of resolving constraints, with ‘adapting to constraints’ emerging as the core variable.</p>

scholarly journals OSCE Rater Cognition – An International Multi-centre Qualitative Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Hyde ◽  
Christine Fessey ◽  
Katherine Boursicot ◽  
Rhoda McKenzie ◽  
Deirdre McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Thinking Aloud ◽  
Objective Structured Clinical Examinations ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Recruiting Strategy ◽  
Tacit Assumptions ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Introduction This study aimed to explore the decision-making processes of raters during objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs), in particular to explore the tacit assumptions and beliefs of raters as well as rater idiosyncrasies.MethodsThinking aloud protocol interviews were used to gather data on the thoughts of examiners during their decision-making, while watching trigger OSCE videos and rating candidates. A purposeful recruiting strategy was taken, with a view to interviewing both examiners with many years of experience and those with less experience examining at final medical examination level.ResultsThirty-one interviews were conducted in three centres in three different countries. Three themes were identified during data analysis, entitled ‘OSCEs are inauthentic’, ‘looking for glimpses of truth’ and ‘evolution with experience’. ConclusionThis study gives an insight into how raters approach OSCEs, and how the perceived shortcomings of OSCEs affect how examiners consider candidate behaviours. Some examiners, more likely the more experienced group, may deviate from an organisation’s instructions due to perceived shortcomings of the assessment.

Advances in Knowledge Management

2011 ◽  
pp. 42-67
Author(s):  
Andrea Hornett ◽  
Eric W. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Strategic Orientation ◽  
Competing Interests ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Collective Sensemaking ◽  
Group Enterprise ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Level Of Analysis

This chapter adds to our understanding of knowledge management as an evolving body of concepts, relationships, strategies and practices. Using qualitative research methods, we examined activities of a community of practice for knowledge management professionals operating in a large metropolitan U.S. region. Accordingly, we produced an organizing framework that maps KM topics according to the tactical-strategic orientation of the KM issue and level of analysis (individual-group-enterprise). We constructed and populated the framework based on a content analysis of forty-four presentations made from 2001-2005, from survey data, from interviews conducted with key informants, and from data collected as participant-observers. The work provides insight into the decision-making processes of stakeholders with competing interests and adds to our understanding of collective sensemaking (Weick, 1995) in a community of practice. From the data, we generated a framework that can be used by practitioners to allocate resources for KM activities, technologies, and projects.

Choosing the Right Institution of Higher Education Could Really Be Tough!

2019 ◽  
pp. 150-169
Author(s):  
Mukesh Chaturvedi ◽  
Abhinav Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Choice Making ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Future Path ◽  
Insight Into

The chapter is a sneak peek into the possible complexity there can be in decision making, especially if it is about selecting one's future path in life. The authors attempt by way of exploratory research method of case study to bring out the process model idiosyncrasies in decision making while selecting an institute of higher education. The chapter also provides insight into the possible factors which can play an important role in the entire process of choice making. The authors try to reason that such decision-making processes are highly complex, and this complexity increases as the information circle of a student grow. Also, the student makes a satisficing choice and not that of an optimal one.

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