The Torsion Swing:A Simple Rotation Test

1963 ◽  
Vol 56 (2-6) ◽  
pp. 457-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. de Boer ◽  
J. Carels ◽  
A. J. Philipszoon
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Test ◽  
Simple Rotation

GPS Satellite State Vector Determination in ECI Coordinate System using the Civil Navigation Message

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ghangho Kim ◽  
Sanghoon Jeon ◽  
Changdon Kee ◽  
Tae Soo No ◽  
Kiho Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Closed Form ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Terrestrial Reference Frame ◽  
Navigation Data ◽  
Numerical Result ◽  
Resolution System ◽  
Satellite Velocity ◽  
Celestial Reference Frame ◽  
Simple Rotation

A closed form of an algorithm to determine a Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite's position, velocity and acceleration is proposed, and an Earth Centred Earth Fixed (ECEF) to Earth Centred Inertial (ECI) transformation result using the Civil Navigation (CNAV) message is presented in this paper. To obtain the closed form of the GPS satellite velocity and acceleration determination algorithm using the CNAV, we analytically differentiated the IS-GPS-200F position determination function. The calculated data are transformed from the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) to the Geocentric Celestial Reference Frame (GCRF) using an equinox-based transform algorithm that is defined in the IAU-2000 resolution system using the Earth Orientation Parameter (EOP) data. To verify the correctness of the proposed velocity and acceleration determination algorithm, the analytical results are compared to the numerical result. The equinox-based transformation result is compared to simple rotation about the z-axis, which does not use the EOP. The results show that by using the proposed algorithm and the equinox-based transformation together, the user can obtain more accurate navigation data in the ECI frame.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF PHASES OF THE WMAP QUADRUPOLE

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 179-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAVEL D. NASELSKY ◽  
OLEG V. VERKHODANOV
Keyword(s):  
Gain Factor ◽  
Phase Correlation ◽  
Strong Indication ◽  
W Band ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Data Release ◽  
Systematic Effects ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Simple Rotation

We present the analysis of the quadrupole phases of the Internal Linear Combination map, ILC(I) and (III), derived by the WMAP team (one- and three-year data release). This approach allows us to see the global trend of non-Gaussianity of the quadrupoles for the ILC(III) map through phase correlations with the foregrounds. Significant phase correlations are found between the ILC(III) quadrupole and the WMAP foreground phases for the K-W band: the phases of the ILC(III) quadrupole ξ2,1, ξ2,2 and those of the foregrounds at K–W bands Φ2,1, Φ2,2 display significant symmetry: ξ2,1 + Φ2,1 ≃ ξ2,2 + Φ2,2, which is a strong indication that the morphology of the ILC(III) quadrupole is a mere reflection of that the foreground quadrupole through coupling. To clarify this issue we exploit the symmetry of the CMB power, which is invariant under permutation of the index m = 1 ⇔ 2. By simple rotation of the ILC(III) phases with the same angle we reach the phases of the foreground quadrupole. We discuss possible sources of phase correlation and come to the conclusion that the phases of the ILC(III) quadrupole reflect most likely systematic effects such as changing of the gain factor for the three-year data release with respect to the one-year, rather than manifestation of the primordial non-Gaussianity.

scholarly journals Calix[6]arene-based atropoisomeric pseudo[2]rotaxanes

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 2112-2124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmine Gaeta ◽  
Carmen Talotta ◽  
Placido Neri
Keyword(s):  
Simple Rotation

Some examples of atropoisomeric pseudorotaxanes in which the isomerism arises by the different conformations adopted by the wheel are reported here. Upon threading hexahexyloxycalix[6]arene 1 with ammonium axles 2 + or 3 + , bearing biphenyl or trifluoromethylbenzyl moieties, respectively, two atropoisomeric pseudorotaxanes were formed in which the calix[6]-wheel 1 adopts the 1,2,3-alternate and cone conformations. The interconversion between them cannot be obtained by simple rotation around the ArCH2Ar bonds of the calixarene wheel, which is blocked by the presence of the axle inside its cavity. Therefore, it can only be obtained through a mechanism of de-threading/re-threading of the axle. In all the examined cases, the 1,2,3-alternate and cone atropoisomers are, respectively, the kinetic and the thermodynamic ones.

scholarly journals effect of crop rotation and fertilization on wheat and maize in the pedoclimatic conditions of the Banat Plain

2010 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Iacob Borza ◽  
Ludovic Cseke-Kreppel ◽  
Cosmin Dragos ◽  
Ioan Gaica ◽  
Mădălina Iordache
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
Small Measure ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Simple Rotation

The simplification of the plant cultures range and the yields in the last 10-15 years brings into the actuality the role of crop rotation andof fertilization on the yield level and stability for wheat and maize even on the soils with a high natural fertility. The results of the researchesperformed between the years 2006 – 2009 on a cambic low gleyed chernozem from the Banat Plain showed that the wheat cultivated inmonoculture gives productions with 59-81% lower than that cultivated in crop rotation with other plants during 2-4 years. In maize, the yieldobtained in monoculture is situated behind that obtained in crop rotation with 11-21%. The most favorable crop rotations for wheat wererape-wheat in a 4 years rotation and soybean-wheat in simple rotation of 2 years. In maize, the most favorable was the 2 years rotation(wheat-maize). The mineral fertilization was very efficient both in wheat (11-36%) and maize (9-31%). The organic fertilization with manurewas very efficient for maize, the yields being superior with a mean value by 34% for a 60 t/ha dose and with 16% for 30t/ha. The fertilizationcompensates the negative effect expressed by the monocultivation only in a small measure

scholarly journals Plate Motion and Earth Orientation

1988 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 363-364
Author(s):  
A. Mallama ◽  
M. Kao
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Terrestrial Reference Frame ◽  
North American Plate ◽  
Plate Motion ◽  
Earth Orientation ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
The North ◽  
Tectonic Motion ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Simple Rotation

Earth orientation series are linked to the terrestrial reference frame in which the observing site locations are measured. The effect of tectonic motion is a simple rotation for any given plate, but the overall effect depends on the distribution of sites. The magnitude of this motion is large enough to be evident in the data. For example, the coefficient of rotation for the North American plate around the Earth's Y-axis is −0.8 millarcseconds per year in the AMO-2 plate motion model of Minster and Jordan. The VLBI analysis system at NASA/GSFC for computing earth orientation series has recently been enhanced by including the Minster and Jordan model for a priori tectonic effects. Tests indicate that the weighted-root-mean-square residual of observations to the solution is decreased by using this model.

Multi-wavelength achromatic bifocal metalenses with controllable polarization-dependent functions for switchable focusing intensity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Chen ◽  
Zhenglong Shao ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Dongliang Tang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Communication ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Polarization Direction ◽  
Dispersion Engineering ◽  
Multi Wavelength ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
Spatially Varying ◽  
Simple Rotation ◽  
Multicolor Display

Abstract In this paper, bifocal metalens are designed through simultaneously controlling two polarization-dependent functions, which can respectively focus x-polarized and y-polarized light into different positions, and the relative intensity between two foci can be continuously tuned through a simple rotation of the incident linear polarization direction. The proposed metalenses are composed of rectangle nanopillars with spatially varying widths and lengths, which provide distinct propagating phases under two orthogonal polarizations. Therefore, there exists a freedom of degree to achieve two polarization-dependent focusing functions. More importantly, these nanopillars possess the excellent dispersion engineering, and provide an effective way for the realization of achromatic bifocal metalenses. After powerful optimizations, two achromatic bifocal metalenses are constructed and further demonstrated numerically. The x-polarized and y-polarized components are focused into different positions under different working wavelengths. Simulated results agree well with our designs. The approach here is expected to find optical applications in micro-manipulation, optical communication and multicolor display.

XVI. On the magnetism of iron arising from its rotation

1825 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 347-417 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Axis ◽  
Additional Test ◽  
Magnetic Needle ◽  
Simple Rotation ◽  
Careful Investigation

As the principles on which phenomena depend can only be discovered by a careful investigation of the circumstances attending every new fact which presents itself, its import­ance must not, in the first instance, be estimated by the magnitude of the effects produced, but by their peculiarity. However minute may be the effects, an inquiry into the laws which govern them, if unattended by any other, will have this advantage, that these laws will serve as an additional test of the correctness of the principles advanced for the ex­planation of the more striking phænomena, firmly establish­ing their truth, if the consequences of those principles, or being incompatible with them, pointing out their fallacy. Thus the severest test that the principle of gravitation has been subjected to, is the explanation of the minute irregula­rities in the planetary motions; and the coincidence of the observed irregularities with those deduced from the applica­tion of this principle would have established its truth beyond dispute, had any doubt previously remained. In the expe­riments which I am about to detail, the effects produced are of this minute character; but as they point out a species of action not hitherto observed, they will not, I trust, be consi­dered unimportant. It has been stated that different effects will be produced on iron, as regards its polarity, when struck, twisted, filed, or scoured in different positions, with respect to the magnetic axis or line of the dip; but I am not aware that it has ever been suspected that the simple rotation of iron, in different direc­tions, would have any effect on the manner in which the iron influenced a magnetic needle. This I have discovered to be the case; and that the laws which govern this peculiar action on the needle are so general and uniform, that I have no doubt their causes are as steady in their operation, as those to which the more striking phenomena of magnetism owe their origin. On observing these magnetical phenomena arising purely from rotation, it appeared to me that they might possibly indicate the cause of the earth's magnetism; and this was a further inducement to me thoroughly to investigate the circumstances connected with them. Before giving the particulars of these phenomena, it is necessary that I should mention how I was first led to observe them.

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