Spring Yield and Silage Characteristics of Kura Clover, Winter Wheat, and in Mixtures

2006 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 781-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco E. Contreras-Govea ◽  
Kenneth A. Albrecht ◽  
Richard E. Muck
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Kura Clover ◽  
Spring Yield

scholarly journals Effects of Exogenous 6-Benzyladenine on Dwarfing, Shoot Branching, and Yield of Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis)

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 651-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Zhang ◽  
Chen Shen ◽  
Jipeng Wei ◽  
Wenyan Han
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Shoot Branching ◽  
Tea Plants ◽  
Lateral Branches ◽  
Spring Yield

6-Benzyladenine (6-BA) is a safe and efficient cytokinin. The adult tea plants of the cv. Longjing 43 were used in this study. The foliar portion of tea bushes were sprayed with different concentrations (50, 100, 200, or 400 mg·L−1) of 6-BA after heavy pruning, when three to four leaves grew out in late May. The effects of 6-BA application on the growth of the new shoots and lateral branches were quantified. After 5 months, treatments with 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg·L−1 6-BA suppressed plant height by 11.0%, 18.0%, 21.0%, or 22.0%, respectively; 6-BA at 100, 200, or 400 mg·L−1 decreased the number of lateral branches by 20.0%, 23.0%, or 18.0%, respectively. Meanwhile, treatments with 50, 200, or 400 mg·L−1 6-BA increased the length of lateral branches by 38.0%, 79.0%, or 81.0% respectively; 200 mg·L−1 6-BA increased the diameter of lateral branches by 8.0%. In addition, after 2 months, 50 or 200 mg·L−1 6-BA did not significantly affect the growth of functional leaves, 50, 100, or 200 mg·L−1 6-BA did not significantly affect photosynthetic rate (Pn) as compared with the control. Furthermore, 200 or 400 mg·L−1 6-BA significantly increased spring tea yield by 28.9% or 13.3%, respectively as compared with the control. In conclusion, 6-BA at the four concentrations promoted dwarfing and the formation of productive lateral branches and increased the spring yield, and 200 mg·L−1 6-BA exerted the best comprehensive effect.

Soil properties influencing growth of subterranean clover in the Coleambally Irrigation Area, NSW

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (22) ◽  
pp. 283 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Loveday ◽  
DS McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Soil Factors ◽  
Yield Variation ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Diffusion Rates ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Complete Fertilizer ◽  
Spring Yield

The significance of physical soil factors in controlling the growth of subterranean clover under irrigation was assessed in a field experiment involving small plots scattered over a range of soils. Nutrient differences were reduced by a complete fertilizer dressing, so that as far as possible vegetative growth was controlled only by moisture supply and soil aeration under two watering treatments, one approximating the normal regional practice and the other a more frequent watering. Yield was increased by the latter and variation between sites due to soil differences was reduced. Spring yields from the plots watered at the normal regional level were significantly correlated with water increments at irrigation but not with available water capacity. Fifteen other soil properties showed significant simple correlations with spring yield and in multiple regression relationships a high proportion of yield variation could be accounted for in terms of the variation in selected properties. The best pair of variables for yield prediction, accounting for 59 per cent of variability, were per cent exchangeable sodium at 1-4 inches, and aggregate density at 1-4 inches. These variables were highly correlated with water increment at irrigation. On the more frequently watered plots, waterlogging induced in late winter depressed yield slightly and this, apparently, was not caused by poor aeration, but possibly by leaching of nutrients. Oxygen diffusion rates measured one day after irrigation were negatively correlated with yield. Spring yields from these plots were unrelated to total and air-filled porosity and air permeability. The evidence again pointed to moisture supply being responsible for the yield variation between sites.

scholarly journals Potassium Rates Affect Yield of Two Muskmelon Varieties in Florida

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 593a-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro O. Pacheco ◽  
G.J. Hochmuth ◽  
D.N. Maynard ◽  
A.A. Csizinszky ◽  
S.A. Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Current Recommendation ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Minor Crops ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Spring Yield ◽  
K Fertilization

Optimum economic yield is produced when nutrients in the proper amounts are supplied to the crop. Crop nutrient requirements (CNR) of essential elements have been determined for the major vegetables produced in Florida. However, for minor crops, such as muskmelon, little research has been conducted to determine the CNR, especially potassium. In many vegetables, yield has responded to increasing K rates when other elements were not limiting. Our objective was to determine the K fertility requirement for optimum yield of muskmelon and to evaluate the Mehlich-1 soil test calibration for soil testing low in K (<20 mg·kg–1). Experiments were conducted in the spring and fall seasons of 1995. Potassium at five rates (0, 56, 112, 168, and 224 kg·ha–1) was injected weekly, approximating the growth curve of `Galia' and `Mission'. There were significant yield responses to K fertilization for both cultivars during both seasons. During spring, average marketable yield was 14.5, 26.1, 31.9, 31.5, and 36.3 Mg·ha–1 and for fall, average marketable yield was 15.8, 32.9, 37.8, 37.2, and 36.4 Mg·ha–1 for the previously described K treatments, respectively. The cultivar response for both seasons was described by a linear-plateau model. In spring, yield was maximized with K at 116.8 and 76.3 kg·ha–1 for `Galia' and `Mission', respectively. In fall, K at 73.3 and 68.3 kg·ha–1 produced the peak response for the same cultivars. These results indicate that maximum yield of muskmelon in Florida can be obtained at considerably less K than the current recommendation of 140 kg·ha–1.

The examination of some winter hardiness components in grasses using canonical variate analysis

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Canonical Variate Analysis ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Freezing Damage ◽  
Grass Breeding ◽  
Variate Analysis ◽  
Canonical Variates ◽  
Freezing Test ◽  
Spring Yield

SummaryWinter vigour, winter burn, freezing damage and early spring yield were measured in 24 perennial ryegrass varieties which varied in their degree of winter adaptation. Winter vigour and winter burn were negatively correlated due to senescence in the dormant varieties. Cold resistance, measured in a freezing test, was also negatively correlated with winter burn but was independent of spring yield. Spring yield was positively related to winter vigour but negatively related to winter burn. The more dormant varieties which sustained most winter burn were better able to survive freezing.A canonical variate analysis showed that the first two canonical variates accounted for 87·8% of the total variation. Interpolation from the means of the four characters suggested that the first canonical variate represented adaptation to winter conditions. A generalized model based on these findings is proposed and its use in the formulation of grass breeding strategies discussed.

scholarly journals Yield and botanical composition of four dryland pastures at Ashley Dene Research Farm over 8 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breanna Taylor ◽  
Anna Mills ◽  
Malcolm Smith ◽  
Richard Lucas ◽  
Derrick Moot
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Spring Yield

Dry matter yield and botanical composition of four grazed dryland pasture types were compared over 8 years in summer-dry conditions at Ashley Dene, Canterbury, New Zealand. The experiment was sown in March 2013 to evaluate cocksfoot (CF)- or meadow fescue/ryegrass hybrid (RG)-based pastures established with either subterranean (Sub) or subterranean and balansa (S+B) clovers. Plantain was included in all pasture types. Perennial ryegrass established poorly on the low soil moisture holding capacity Lismore soil and in Year 2 was re-broadcast into the RG pastures. Despite this, plantain was the main sown species in RG pastures beyond Year 3. Total spring yield was greatest in Year 5 at 6720 kg DM/ha and varied with spring rainfall. Cocksfoot-based pastures had 60% of sown species present in the spring of Year 8, compared with 28% in RG-based pastures. Balansa clover was only present up to Year 5 after a managed seeding event in the first spring. White clover did not persist in the dryland environment past Year 2. Sub clover yield depended on the time and amount of autumn rainfall but contributed up to 45% of the spring yield. Cocksfoot-sub clover pastures appear to be most resilient in this summer-dry environment with variable spring rainfall.

Seasonal production in lines of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) at Canberra, A.C.T

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (16) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Broue
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Spring Yield

Seasonal yield was evaluated over a period of two years in 30 lines of cocksfoot, Dactylis glomerata L., and in Phalaris tuberosa L. (cultivar Australian Commercial), in small swards at Canberra, A.C.T. In the cocksfoot lines tested, there was a significant correlation between visual estimates of the amount of green summer herbage and autumn yields (r = 0.57***). There was also a significant correlation between earliness of culm elongation and winter yields (r = 0.80***). Lines of mid-season maturity had the highest spring yields. Spring yield was 35-65 per cent of total yield, these two measurements being highly correlated. For total yield no cocksfoot was superior to the two recently released cultivars Currie and Brignoles, which differed considerably from each other in seasonal yield.

Quality of wheat-cassava bread as affected by selected improvers

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Michael Ayodele Idowu ◽  
Kazeem Iroko ◽  
Abiodun Aderoju Adeola ◽  
Isaac Babatunde Oluwalana ◽  
Jerome Ayokunle Ayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Volume ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Wheat Bread ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Spring Yield ◽  
Composite Bread

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate some common bread improvers (normally used for 100 per cent wheat bread) for their effect on the quality attributes of wheat-cassava (90:10) composite bread. Design/methodology/approach – Four commonly used bread improvers (ASA, ABT, EDC and PTB) in Nigeria were evaluated for their effect on the baking potential of wheat-cassava (90:10) composite flour. Bread samples were baked from wheat-cassava (90:10) composite flour, with and without bread improvers. Changes in dough height during fermentation, oven spring, yield and specific volume of bread samples were determined. Bread samples were also evaluated for their sensory and staling characteristics. Findings – Results showed that dough height during fermentation did not change significantly (p<0.05) and crumb colour, firmness, taste and aroma were unaffected by addition of bread improvers; but oven spring, yield, specific volume, bread shape, crust colour, texture and overall acceptability of bread were significantly different (p>0.05). All the bread improvers except ABT extended the shelf life of wheat-cassava (90:10) composite bread for a period of 24-48 hours. Practical implications – Bread improvers normally used for 100 per cent wheat bread could be used effectively for wheat-cassava (90:10) composite bread without an adverse effect on quality of bread. Originality/value – Bread makers need little or no additional training to handle wheat-cassava (90:10) composite flour for bread making process hence, Nigeria can sustain her policy of using wheat-cassava composite flour for baking without any serious technical problem.

scholarly journals Monitoring of water quality of selected wells in Brno district

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Jana Marková ◽  
Vlasta Ondrejka Harbuľáková
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Total Rainfall ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Monthly Total ◽  
Spring Yield

Abstract The article deals with two wells in the country of Brno-district (Brčálka well and Well Olšová). The aim of work was monitoring of elementary parameters of water at regular monthly intervals to measure: water temperature, pH values, solubility oxygen and spring yield. According to the client's requirements (Lesy města Brno) laboratory analyzes of selected parameters were done twice a year and their results were compared with Ministry of Health Decree no. 252/2004 Coll.. These parameters: nitrate, chemical oxygen demand (COD), calcium and magnesium and its values are presented in graphs, for ammonium ions and nitrite in the table. Graphical interpretation of spring yields dependence on the monthly total rainfall and dependence of water temperature on ambient temperature was utilized. The most important features of wells include a water source, a landmark in the landscape, aesthetic element or resting and relaxing place. Maintaining wells is important in terms of future generations.

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