The Sociology of Knowledge and Diagnosis of Time with Max Scheler and Karl Mannheim

Author(s):  
Karl Acham
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Bandeira Coelho

O presente artigo tem como principal objetivo demonstrar as características da Sociologia do Conhecimento – emergente nas primeiras décadas do século XX – e da Ciência, destacando os principais conceitos deste campo de estudo sociológico, a partir de Max Scheler, dando ênfase à Sociologia do Conhecimento de Karl Mannheim, à Sociologia da Ciência de Robert Merton e à Sociologia do Campo Científico de Pierre Bourdieu. Ademais, objetiva-se, com isso, tecer algumas críticas acerca da característica desinteressada da sociologia da ciência mertoniana, a partir da ideia bourdieusiana de que a ciência é um campo perpassado por intensos conflitos e tensões em torno dos monopólios de autoridade e do capital simbólico.Palavras-Chave: Sociologia do Conhecimento, Sociologia da Ciência, Robert Merton, Karl Mannheim, Pierre Bourdieu.The main goal of this paper is to demonstrate the characteristics of the Sociology of Knowledge - which emerged in the first decades of the twentieth century - as well as the ones of the Sociology of Science, highlighting the key concepts of the sociological study field, from Max Scheler, emphasizing  Karl Mannheim's Sociology of Knowledge, Robert Merton's Sociology of Science and Pierre Boudireu's Sociology of Scientific Field. Furthermore, it aims to make some critical notes about the uninterested trait of the Merton's Sociology of Science, from Bourdieu's perspective of science as a field interwined by strong conflicts and tensions surrounding the monopoly of authority and symbolic capitalKeywords: Sociology of Knowledge, Sociology of Science, Robert Merton, Karl Mannheim, Pierre Bourdieu.


Al-Hikmah ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendi Parwanto

The analysis used in this study is Karl Mannheim's sociology of knowledge, especially on three aspects of meaning: Objective meaning, expressive meaning and documentary meaning. The results of this study are: 1) Objective Meanings, all people believe that the traditions they do are inherited from their predecessors; 2) Meaning of Expression, they believe in fadhilah by reciting yasin and tahlil can help the body in the grave; and, 3) Documentary Meanings, they do not realize the meaning implied or hidden in the tradition, so that the actor or actor does not realize that what he is doing is an expression that shows the culture as a whole. (Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori sosiologi pengetahuan Karl Mannheim, terutama pada tiga aspek makna: Makna objektif, makna ekspresif dan makna dokumenter. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Makna Objektif, semua masyarakat meyakini bahwa tradisi yang mereka lakukan adalah ‎warisan dari pada pendahulu mereka; 2) Makna Ekspresi, mereka meyakini ‎fadhilah dengan dibacakan yasin dan tahlil dapat menolong mayat di alam kubur; ‎dan, 3) Makna Dokumenter, mereka tidak menyadari makna yang tersirat atau ‎tersebunyi di dalam tradisi tersebut, sehingga aktor atau pelaku tindakan tidak ‎menyadari bahwa apa yang dilakukannya itu merupakan suatu ekspresi yang ‎menunjukan kepada kebudayaan secara keseluruhan).‎


2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Almut-Barbara Renger

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, within a variety of spheres, individual personalities referred to as ‘masters’ were venerated in quasi-religious terms. As a result, treatises relevant to the theme of the ‘master’ were written which had a major impact on subsequent scholarship, particularly in the sociology of knowledge and religion. Inspired by the poet Stefan George and taking his circle as a model, Max Weber, Max Scheler, and Joachim Wach published important works that enlisted religious and cultural historical approaches as well as social theory on topics like community building, the transference of knowledge, religious specialism, and charisma. These studies attest to a pronounced fascination with the phenomenon of the ‘master,’ which the present article investigates with reference to selected publications by the aforementioned scholars.


Social Forces ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 956
Author(s):  
William R. Garrett ◽  
Brian Longhurst

Author(s):  
Brian Longhurst

The sociologist Karl Mannheim moved from an initial concern with philosophical issues concerning cultural change, via the development of an original approach to the sociology of knowledge, to a concern with social planning and the sociology of education. He is most enduringly known for his sociology of knowledge, and in particular for his book Ideology and Utopia (1936). Mannheim’s sociology of knowledge is concerned with an analysis of how groups develop specific forms of knowledge based on more general styles of thought during processes of competition over power. He distinguishes ideological forms of thought, which seek to defend the existing order, from utopian forms that attack it.


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