Empirical Research for Establishing the Potential of Renewable Hydrogen for Decarbonising the Industrial Sectors Using Fossil Fuel-Based Hydrogen Within the APAC Markets

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-86
Author(s):  
Matthieu Jaunatre
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen

scholarly journals Performance assessment of integrated energy systems for the production of renewable hydrogen energy carriers

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Francesco Lonis ◽  
Vittorio Tola ◽  
Giorgio Cau
Keyword(s):  
Energy Systems ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Catalytic Reactor ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Integrated Energy Systems ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen

To guarantee a smooth transition to a clean and low-carbon society without abandoning all of a sudden liquid fuels and products derived from fossil resources, power-to-liquids processes can be used to exploit an excess of renewable energy, producing methanol and dimethyl ether (DME) from the conversion of hydrogen and recycled CO2. Such a system could behave as an energy storage system, and/or a source of fuels and chemicals for a variety of applications in several industrial sectors. This paper concerns the conceptual design, performance analysis and comparison of small-scale decentralised integrated energy systems to produce methanol and DME from renewable hydrogen and captured CO2. Renewable hydrogen is produced exploiting excess RES. Water electrolysis is carried out considering two different technologies alternatively: commercially mature low temperature alkaline electrolysers (AEL) and innovative high temperature solid oxide electrolysers (SOEC). A first conversion of hydrogen and CO2 takes place in a catalytic reactor where methanol is synthesised through the hydrogenation process. Methanol is then purified in a distillation column. Depending on the final application, methanol can be further converted into DME through catalytic dehydration in another catalytic reactor. The chemical (either methanol or DME) is stored at ambient conditions and used as necessary. To predict the performance of the main components and of the overall system, numerical simulation models were developed using the software Aspen Plus. The performance and efficiencies of each section and of the overall systems were evaluated through extensive mass and energy balances. Globally, the overall power-to-liquids efficiency was found to be above 0.55 for all the different configurations, both considering a powerto-methanol or a power-to-DME process.

scholarly journals Isolation of biosurfactant producing bacteria from Potwar oil fields: Effect of non-fossil fuel based carbon sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Rafeya Sohail ◽  
Nazia Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Animal Fat ◽  
Industrial Sectors

AbstractBiosurfactants are surface-active metabolites produced by microorganisms. Biosurfactants tend to solubilize hydrocarbons in the surrounding environment, by reducing surface tension and increasing carbon uptake. In this study, isolation of biosurfactant producing bacteria and effect of renewable, non-fossil fuel based carbon sources on production were assessed. Oil field produced water was collected from Potwar oil fields and thirteen strains were isolated. Strains were screened for biosurfactant production by hemolysis test, emulsification index test, emulsification assay, oil displacement test, drop collapse test, tilted glass slide test and oil coated agar emulsification test. Strains were further screened for maximum production on cost effective renewable carbon source e.g. glucose, waste glycerol and animal fat. Promising strains were identified as Bacillus subtilis (MH142143), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MH142144), Bacillus tequilensis (MH142145) and Bacillus safensis (MH142146) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Among all isolates, highest biosurfactant production on glucose (37%), glycerol (48%) and animal fat oil (49%), after 24 h cultivation was by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biosurfactant showed similarity to rhamnolipids by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Assessment of bioactive propertiaes of rhamnolipid showed strong antimicrobial activity against Bacillus spp. Future investigations can be focused on application of these strains in environmental as well as industrial sectors.

scholarly journals Integration of Renewable Hydrogen Production in Steelworks Off-Gases for the Synthesis of Methanol and Methane

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2904
Author(s):  
Michael Bampaou ◽  
Kyriakos Panopoulos ◽  
Panos Seferlis ◽  
Spyridon Voutetakis ◽  
Ismael Matino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Coke Oven ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Carbon Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Residual Hydrogen ◽  
Synthesis Of Methanol ◽  
Alternative Routes ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen

The steel industry is among the highest carbon-emitting industrial sectors. Since the steel production process is already exhaustively optimized, alternative routes are sought in order to increase carbon efficiency and reduce these emissions. During steel production, three main carbon-containing off-gases are generated: blast furnace gas, coke oven gas and basic oxygen furnace gas. In the present work, the addition of renewable hydrogen by electrolysis to those steelworks off-gases is studied for the production of methane and methanol. Different case scenarios are investigated using AspenPlusTM flowsheet simulations, which differ on the end-product, the feedstock flowrates and on the production of power. Each case study is evaluated in terms of hydrogen and electrolysis requirements, carbon conversion, hydrogen consumption, and product yields. The findings of this study showed that the electrolysis requirements surpass the energy content of the steelwork’s feedstock. However, for the methanol synthesis cases, substantial improvements can be achieved if recycling a significant amount of the residual hydrogen.

Influence of Blending Hydrogen and Biogas Into Natural Gas on the Combustion Performance of a Tankless Water Heater

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhao ◽  
David Morales ◽  
Vincent McDonell
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Fossil Fuel Combustion ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Fuel Property ◽  
Property Variation ◽  
Combustion Performance ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen

Abstract Utilizing renewable gases including biogas and renewable hydrogen instead of natural gas helps reduce greenhouse gases from fossil fuel combustion. Due to the fuel property variation, it is not practical to replace pipeline natural gas with these renewable fuels while still keeping the combustion devices at its designed operating condition. Therefore, this study mixes renewable hydrogen and simulated biogas into pipeline natural gas and investigates the combustion performance of a commercial tankless water heater. Up to around 10 vol% carbon dioxide and 20 vol% hydrogen are mixed into natural gas, then the mixtures are supplied to the water heater. Appliance performance such as operability, emissions (CO, UHC, NO, NO2, N2O, NH3) and efficiency are examined. The feasibility of injecting renewable gases into the existing natural gas infrastructure is evaluated from the perspective of the representative tankless water heater performance. The results show a positive sign for mixing hydrogen into pipeline natural gas, due to the small variation of the water heater emissions and an increase of the efficiency.

scholarly journals Renewable hydrogen production for fossil fuel processing

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Greenbaum ◽  
J W Lee ◽  
C V Tevault ◽  
S L Blankinship
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Fuel Processing ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen

scholarly journals A Review on Techno-Economic Assessment of Solar Water Heating Systems in the Middle East

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4944
Author(s):  
Mehran Dehghan ◽  
Carlos F. Pfeiffer ◽  
Elyas Rakhshani ◽  
Reza Bakhshi-Jafarabadi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
Solar Water Heating ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Industrial Sectors

Currently, the economy of Middle Eastern countries relies heavily on fossil fuel sources. The direct and indirect adverse consequences of fossil fuel utilization for power generation enforce the region’s countries to raise the share of renewable energy. In this context, various incentive policies have been developed to encourage the residential and industrial sectors to support a portion of energy needs through renewable energy resources. In this case, a solar water heating system (SWHS) as an application of solar thermal technology provides some of the heat energy requirements for domestic hot water (DHW) and space heating, supported conventionally by electricity or natural gas, or even other fossil fuels. This paper reviews the feasibility of the SWHS in the Middle East region from technical and economical standpoints and investigates some of the progress, challenges, and barriers toward this market. The pay-back times and CO2 emission reduction under different incentive frameworks and configurations of each system have been assessed in this context. Furthermore, the advantages and weaknesses of the SWHS in several countries have been reported. Finally, various guidelines have been proposed to enhance the development of this technology.

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