The Ecological Design of the Affiliative Vocal Communication Style in Wild Japanese Macaques: Behavioral Adjustments to Social Contexts and Environments

2010 ◽  
pp. 165-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Koda ◽  
Hideki Sugiura
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Communication ◽  
Japanese Macaques ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Communication Style ◽  
Ecological Design

VOCAL COMMUNICATION AND INDIVIDUAL VARIATION IN BREEDING SOUTH AMERICAN SEA LIONS

Behaviour ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Fern Ndez-Juricic ◽  
Victor Enriquez ◽  
Claudio Campagna ◽  
Charles Leo Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Individual Variation ◽  
Vocal Communication ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
South American ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Aggressive Interactions ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
Acoustic Environments ◽  
Pup Development

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to analyse the structure, social contexts, and individual variation of South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens) airborne vocal communication during the breeding season. This is the first comprehensive analysis of the vocal repertoire of this species. Since breeding colonies are complex acoustic environments, we expect that male, female, and pup vocalizations would show individuality, and that individual variation would rely on several acoustic traits. We identified four calls for adult males: high pitched call or HPC (aggressive interactions, such as attack and retreat displays, and fights), bark (aggressive interactions, territory establishment, and usually combined with growls), growl (male-female interactions), and exhalation (after agonistic encounters); and two for adult females: mother primary call or MPC (female-pup interactions, such as after birth, during pup separation, and pup development), and grunt (agonistic interactions between females). Juveniles vocalized yearling primary calls or YPC (searching for their mothers or after being threatened by females), pups gave pup primary calls or PPC (in response to MPCs, when hungry, searching for their mothers, if nursing was interrupted, or when trying to nurse). Our results suggest that male's HPC and bark, female's MPC, and pup's PPC have acoustic features that support individuality. These calls are associated with contexts in which recognition of neighbours (HPC and bark) or relatives (MPC and PPC) may confer a relative advantage in reproductive performance. Individual variation depended on frequency, temporal, and intensity traits; such multi-trait individuality could be regarded as an adaptation to colonial life to overcome the high noise levels within pinniped breeding colonies.

scholarly journals Global Second Language Proficiency Predicts Self-Perceptions of General Sarcasm Use Among Bilingual Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-478
Author(s):  
Mehrgol Tiv ◽  
Vincent Rouillard ◽  
Naomi Vingron ◽  
Sabrina Wiebe ◽  
Debra Titone
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
First Language ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Communication Style ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Language Experience ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Second Language Proficiency ◽  
Cognitive Changes

Each culture has a distinct set of features that contribute to a unique communication style. For example, bilinguals often balance multiple social contexts and may undergo cognitive changes that consequently support different communication styles. The present work examines how individual differences in bilingual experience affect one form of communication style: sarcastic and indirect language. A diverse sample of largely bilingual adults (first language English) rated their likelihood of using sarcastic and indirect language across different daily settings. They also rated their second language experience. There were two key findings: Bilinguals use sarcasm for similar social functions as do monolinguals (general sarcasm, frustration diffusion, and embarrassment diffusion) and greater global second language proficiency linked to greater usage of general sarcasm in daily life. These results suggest that bilinguals may use sarcasm to achieve various communicative goals and bilingual experience may affect general cognitive capacities that support sarcasm use across real-world contexts.

scholarly journals Long-lasting vocal plasticity in adult marmoset monkeys

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1905) ◽  
pp. 20190817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingyun Zhao ◽  
Bahar Boroumand Rad ◽  
Xiaoqin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
New World ◽  
Vocal Communication ◽  
Vocal Learning ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Vocal Production ◽  
Vocal Plasticity ◽  
Common Marmosets ◽  
World Primate

Humans exhibit a high level of vocal plasticity in speech production, which allows us to acquire both native and foreign languages and dialects, and adapt to local accents in social communication. In comparison, non-human primates exhibit limited vocal plasticity, especially in adulthood, which would limit their ability to adapt to different social and environmental contexts in vocal communication. Here, we quantitatively examined the ability of adult common marmosets ( Callithrix jacchus ), a highly vocal New World primate species, to modulate their vocal production in social contexts. While recent studies have demonstrated vocal learning in developing marmosets, we know much less about the extent of vocal learning and plasticity in adult marmosets. We found, in the present study, that marmosets were able to adaptively modify the spectrotemporal structure of their vocalizations when they encountered interfering sounds. Our experiments showed that marmosets shifted the spectrum of their vocalizations away from the spectrum of the interfering sounds in order to avoid the overlap. More interestingly, we found that marmosets made predictive and long-lasting spectral shifts in their vocalizations after they had experienced a particular type of interfering sound. These observations provided evidence for directional control of the vocalization spectrum and long-term vocal plasticity by adult marmosets. The findings reported here have important implications for the ability of this New World primate species in voluntarily and adaptively controlling their vocal production in social communication.

scholarly journals Social-vocal brain networks in a non-human primate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Y Takahashi ◽  
Ahmed El Hady ◽  
Yisi S Zhang ◽  
Diana A Liao ◽  
Gabriel Montaldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Vocal Communication ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Distributed Network ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Human Primate

During social interactions, individuals influence each other to coordinate their actions. Vocal communication is an exceptionally efficient way to exert such influence. Where and how social interactions are dynamically modulated in the brain is unknown. We used functional ultrasound imaging in marmoset monkeys, a highly vocal species, to investigate the dynamics of medial social brain areas in vocal perception, production, and audio-vocal interaction. We found that the activity of a distributed network of subcortical and cortical regions distinguishes calls associated with different social contexts. This same brain network showed different dynamics during externally and internally driven vocalizations. These findings suggest the existence of a social-vocal brain network in medial cortical and subcortical areas that is fundamental in social communication.

scholarly journals Global Second Language Proficiency Predicts Self-Perceptions of General Sarcasm Use Among Bilingual Adults

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrgol Tiv ◽  
Vincent Rouillard ◽  
Naomi Vingron ◽  
Sabrina Wiebe ◽  
Debra Titone
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
First Language ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Communication Style ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Language Experience ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Second Language Proficiency ◽  
Cognitive Changes

Each culture has a distinct set of features that contribute to a unique communication style. For example, bilinguals often balance multiple social contexts and may undergo cognitive changes that consequently support different communication styles. The present work examines how individual differences in bilingual experience affect one form of communication style: sarcastic and indirect language. A diverse sample of largely bilingual adults (first language English) rated their likelihood of using sarcastic and indirect language across different daily settings. They also rated their second language experience. There were two key findings: Bilinguals use sarcasm for similar social functions as do monolinguals (general sarcasm, frustration diffusion, and embarrassment diffusion) and greater global second language proficiency linked to greater usage of general sarcasm in daily life. These results suggest that bilinguals may use sarcasm to achieve various communicative goals and bilingual experience may impact general cognitive capacities that support sarcasm use across real-world contexts.

scholarly journals Ecological Design of an Augmentative and Alternative Communication Device Interface

2021 ◽  
pp. 155534342110295
Author(s):  
Kaela Shea ◽  
Olivier St-Cyr ◽  
Tom Chau
Keyword(s):  
Interface Design ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
English Language ◽  
Vocal Communication ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Neurological Injury ◽  
Ecological Design ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Communication Device

Autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, brain stem stroke, and neurological injury are examples of conditions that may limit vocal communication. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems can provide a communication pathway to users who experience such complex communication needs, facilitating their societal participation and supporting some ability to direct their own care. We adapted the cognitive work analysis (CWA) framework to a linguistic domain for insights into an AAC design that best supports users’ communication. First, we applied the work domain analysis (WDA) to a popular commercial AAC system, Proloquo2Go. Data were gathered from guided AAC system use, domain experts, and the syntactic rules of the English language. The WDA exposed unmet needs in the commercial system. We then applied worker competency analysis to consider different approaches to present information and support user actions. The design included graphic forms and process views, and their integration into viewports and the workspace. Our novel application of CWA uncovered new considerations in AAC interface design and presents a nascent area of investigation, namely, AAC displays that more effectively support users’ goals. Future investigation will evaluate the mental workload of this AAC interface compared to that of current commercially available systems.

Linguistic Interactions: A Therapeutic Consideration for Adults With Aphasia

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Lynn E. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Interaction Models ◽  
Social Communities ◽  
Wernicke's Aphasia ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
Therapeutic Consideration ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction ◽  
Structural Language

Abstract Linguistic interaction models suggest that interrelationships arise between structural language components and between structural and pragmatic components when language is used in social contexts. The linguist, David Crystal (1986, 1987), has proposed that these relationships are central, not peripheral, to achieving desired clinical outcomes. For individuals with severe communication challenges, erratic or unpredictable relationships between structural and pragmatic components can result in atypical patterns of interaction between them and members of their social communities, which may create a perception of disablement. This paper presents a case study of a woman with fluent, Wernicke's aphasia that illustrates how attention to patterns of linguistic interaction may enhance AAC intervention for adults with aphasia.

Mental representation of economic crisis in Italian and Swiss samples 1The authors would like to thank Maurizio Mistri for his help in the construction of items. This research was supported by a grant from the Italian Murst (ex 40%).

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Savadori ◽  
Eraldo Nicotra ◽  
Rino Rumiati ◽  
Roberto Tamborini
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
National Context ◽  
Cluster Procedure ◽  
Total N ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Important Symptom

The content and structure of mental representation of economic crises were studied and the flexibility of the structure in different social contexts was tested. Italian and Swiss samples (Total N = 98) were compared with respect to their judgments as to how a series of concrete examples of events representing abstract indicators were relevant symptoms of economic crisis. Mental representations were derived using a cluster procedure. Results showed that the relevance of the indicators varied as a function of national context. The growth of unemployment was judged to be by far the most important symptom of an economic crisis but the Swiss sample judged bankruptcies as more symptomatic than Italians who considered inflation, raw material prices and external accounts to be more relevant. A different clustering structure was found for the two samples: the locations of unemployment and gross domestic production indicators were the main differences in representations.

Children's Knowledge in Social Contexts

1991 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-490
Author(s):  
Nancy Hazen
Keyword(s):  
Social Contexts
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