scholarly journals Escaping from Poverty: Household Income Dynamics in Indonesia, South Africa, Spain, and Venezuela

2003 ◽  
pp. 13-34
Author(s):  
Gary S. Fields ◽  
Paul L. Cichello ◽  
Samuel Freije ◽  
Marta Menéndez ◽  
David Newhouse
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Income Dynamics

scholarly journals Estimation of household income diversification in South Africa: A case study of three provinces

2017 ◽  
Vol Volume 113 (Number 1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jabulani Mathebula ◽  
Maria Molokomme ◽  
Siyanda Jonas ◽  
Charles Nhemachena ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
National Income ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Income Diversification ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Kwazulu Natal

Abstract We estimated household income diversification in settlement types of the poorest provinces in South Africa – the Eastern Cape, Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal. We obtained data from the 2010/2011 Income and Expenditure Survey from Statistics South Africa and Wave 3 data from the National Income Dynamics Study. We used the number of income sources, the number of income earners and the Shannon Diversity Index to estimate income diversification in the study provinces. The results show that households in the traditional and urban formal areas diversified income sources to a greater extent than households in urban informal and rural formal settlements. The varied degrees of income diversification in the three provinces suggest that targeted policy initiatives aimed at enhancing household income are important in these provinces.

scholarly journals Returns to Education in South Africa: Evidence from the National Income Dynamics Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Depken ◽  
Chanda Chiseni ◽  
Ernest Ita
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Returns To Education ◽  
National Income ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Educational Infrastructure ◽  
Time Period

Abstract We utilize two waves of the National Income Dynamics Study in South Africa to estimate the returns to education in 2010 and 2012. We find that during this time period the returns to education were approximately 18% per year of education and that the returns were higher for females relative to males and higher for those living in urban relative to rural areas. The policy implications include a suggestion to continue investment in educational infrastructure, especially in rural areas, so as to increase the returns to education in those areas.

HOUSEHOLD INCOME DYNAMICS IN A LOWER-INCOME SMALL OPEN ECONOMY: A COMPARISON OF BANKING AND CROWDFUNDING REGIMES

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (01) ◽  
pp. 147-166
Author(s):  
PAUL D. McNELIS ◽  
NAOYUKI YOSHINO
Keyword(s):  
Open Economy ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Asset Price ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Trade Shocks ◽  
Financing Costs ◽  
Home Goods ◽  
Consumption Dynamics

This paper examines asset price and household income/consumption dynamics in a small open economy subject to terms of trade shocks, under two financial regimes. The first is a pure banking regime, in which firms borrow from banks for financing costs of labor, investment and intermediate goods for both the relatively riskless natural-resource traded sector and the non-traded sector. The second regime is more financially-inclusive banking/crowdfunding (BCF) regime, in which the households directly receive returns to capital from pooled lending to home-goods firms. Simulation results show that the banking regime better insulates the economy from negative shocks but limits the upside gain from positive shocks which would take place in the banking-crowdfunding regime.

An overview of trends in depressive symptoms in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-535
Author(s):  
Kinyanjui Mungai ◽  
Amiena Bayat
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
South African ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
National Income ◽  
South African Context ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
African Context

The relationship between mental health and socioeconomic status is well established in the literature. The socioeconomic standing of a number of South Africans remains poor and slow changing, while the mental health of the most vulnerable remains both an economic and health problem for government. There is, however, a lack of studies that assess depressive symptoms using panel data. There is also a lack of studies that consider factors that influence transitions of adults into and out of Significant Depressive Symptoms, particularly in the South African context. Panel data from the National Income Dynamics Study were used for this study to assess these transitions. The data included information on various socioeconomic and health variables, as well as a section that assesses the emotional health of adults in South Africa. This emotional health section in National Income Dynamics Study was essentially a 10-item version of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. The study aimed to investigate how socioeconomic status is associated with the risk of adults transitioning into and out of Significant Depressive Symptoms in the South African context. The study found that the prevalence of adults who exhibited Significant Depressive Symptoms declined significantly in South Africa, despite the recent increase. Moreover, adults with a lower socioeconomic standing were identified as being particularly vulnerable to depression and struggled to transition out of Significant Depressive Symptoms.

Antibiotic use in pregnancy: knowledge, attitudes and practices among pregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre N H Bulabula ◽  
Angela Dramowski ◽  
Shaheen Mehtar
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Monthly Household Income ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Objectives To establish the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding antibiotic use and self-medication among pregnant women. Methods We conducted a KAP survey of 301 pregnant women hospitalized at a tertiary hospital obstetric service in Cape Town, South Africa in November and December 2017, using an interviewer-administered 12 item questionnaire. We stratified analysis of attitudes and practices by participants’ mean knowledge score (K-score) group (<6 versus ≥6 out of 7 questions). Multivariate models were built to identify independent predictors of antibiotic self-medication and K-score. Results The mean age of pregnant women was 29 (SD 6.1) years, 44/247 (17.8%) were nulliparous, 69/247 (27.9%) were HIV-infected, 228/247 (92.3%) had completed secondary school and 78/247 (31.6%) reported a monthly household income in the lowest category of ≤50–100 US dollars (USD). The mean K-score was 6.1 (SD 1.02) out of 7 questions. Sixteen percent of the cohort reported antibiotic self-medication, with higher rates among pregnant women with K-score <6 [18/48 (37.5%) versus 32/253 (12.6%); P < 0.001]. The monthly household income category of >500 USD (the highest category) was the only predictor of antibiotic self-medication behaviour [adjusted OR = 6.4 (95% CI 1.2–35.2), P = 0.03]. Conclusions Higher antibiotic knowledge scores are associated with lower rates of antibiotic self-medication, whereas higher household income is correlated with increasing self-medication behaviours. Education of pregnant women regarding the potential dangers of antibiotic self-medication and stricter enforcement of existing South African antibiotic prescribing and dispensing regulations are needed.

Determinants of energy poverty in South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaakirah Ismail ◽  
Patrick Khembo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
National Income ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Expenditure Patterns ◽  
Regression Framework ◽  
Individual Household

This paper provides empirical evidence on the determinants of energy poverty in South African households using the National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS, 2012), while controlling for individual, household and demographic characteristics. This is formulated within a logistic regression framework, while defining energy poverty using the expenditure approach consistent with the definition by the Department of Energy (DoE) of South Africa. The model reveals that household expenditure patterns, race, education level, household and dwelling size, location of the household and access to electricity are important factors in explaining the state of energy in South African households. This paper also discusses limitations in defining energy poverty using the expenditure approach. Finally, some recommendations are made for regulators and policy makers.

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