Labour Force Participation And Employment In South Africa: Evidence From Wave 1 Of The National Income Dynamics Study

Background: The empirical work on fertility determinants widely discusses the role of socio-economic factors like female labour force participation rate, urban population and per capita gross national income in determining fertility rates. The India’s high fertility rate began to decline gradually after late 1950s and continued to fall since then. India achieved almost 31 per cent decline in fertility rate from 1990 to 2012. The objective was to examine the relationship between fertility rate, urbanization, female labour force participation rate and per capita gross national income for India.Methods: This study covers the sample period from 1990-2012. Moreover, the direction of causality between fertility rate, urbanization, female labour force participation rate and per capita gross national income in India using Granger Causality test within the Vector Error-Correction Model (VECM) are examined.Results: As a summary of the empirical results, we found that fertility rate, urbanization, female labour force participation rate and per capita gross national income in India are co-integrated and there is unidirectional Granger Causality between the four variables in long and short-run.Conclusions: The growth in urban population, female labour force participation rate and per capita gross national income are responsible for the decrease in fertility rate in India.

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Returns to Education in South Africa: Evidence from the National Income Dynamics Study

Zagreb International Review of Economics and Business ◽

10.2478/zireb-2019-0009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Craig Depken ◽

Chanda Chiseni ◽

Ernest Ita

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Returns To Education ◽

National Income ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Income Dynamics ◽

Educational Infrastructure ◽

Time Period

Abstract We utilize two waves of the National Income Dynamics Study in South Africa to estimate the returns to education in 2010 and 2012. We find that during this time period the returns to education were approximately 18% per year of education and that the returns were higher for females relative to males and higher for those living in urban relative to rural areas. The policy implications include a suggestion to continue investment in educational infrastructure, especially in rural areas, so as to increase the returns to education in those areas.

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Changes in Economic Status and Timing of Marriage of Young Canadians

Canadian Studies in Population ◽

10.25336/p6cd0j ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 49 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zenaida R. Ravanera ◽

Fernando Rajulton

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Panel Data ◽

Life Course ◽

Labour Force ◽

Economic Status ◽

Labour Force Participation ◽

Well Being ◽

Income Dynamics ◽

Panel Surveys ◽

Economic Well Being

Using the longitudinal panel data collected through the Canadian Surveys of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) from 1993 to1998, we examined the hypotheses that (a) higher education delays marriage; (b) labour force participation and earnings of women, like those of men, increase the likelihood of marriage; and, (c) the magnitude of the effects of education and income varies by life course stages of the youth. Analyses were done for men aged 17-19, 20-22, and 23-25 and for women aged 15-17, 18-20, and 21-23 at the start of the panel surveys. Our findings confirm our hypotheses, namely, a longer stay in school lowers the risk of marrying while greater economic well-being increases the risk. The results also show that the effects of wages and salaries are strongest among the middle cohorts of men (20-22) and women (18-20) who are at the stage of forming their own independent lives.

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An overview of trends in depressive symptoms in South Africa

South African Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1177/0081246318823580 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 518-535

Author(s):

Kinyanjui Mungai ◽

Amiena Bayat

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

South Africa ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

South African ◽

Emotional Health ◽

National Income ◽

South African Context ◽

Income Dynamics ◽

African Context

The relationship between mental health and socioeconomic status is well established in the literature. The socioeconomic standing of a number of South Africans remains poor and slow changing, while the mental health of the most vulnerable remains both an economic and health problem for government. There is, however, a lack of studies that assess depressive symptoms using panel data. There is also a lack of studies that consider factors that influence transitions of adults into and out of Significant Depressive Symptoms, particularly in the South African context. Panel data from the National Income Dynamics Study were used for this study to assess these transitions. The data included information on various socioeconomic and health variables, as well as a section that assesses the emotional health of adults in South Africa. This emotional health section in National Income Dynamics Study was essentially a 10-item version of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. The study aimed to investigate how socioeconomic status is associated with the risk of adults transitioning into and out of Significant Depressive Symptoms in the South African context. The study found that the prevalence of adults who exhibited Significant Depressive Symptoms declined significantly in South Africa, despite the recent increase. Moreover, adults with a lower socioeconomic standing were identified as being particularly vulnerable to depression and struggled to transition out of Significant Depressive Symptoms.

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Determinants of energy poverty in South Africa

Journal of Energy in Southern Africa ◽

10.17159/2413-3051/2015/v26i3a2130 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 66-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Zaakirah Ismail ◽

Patrick Khembo

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

National Income ◽

Department Of Energy ◽

Income Dynamics ◽

Energy Poverty ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Expenditure Patterns ◽

Regression Framework ◽

Individual Household

This paper provides empirical evidence on the determinants of energy poverty in South African households using the National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS, 2012), while controlling for individual, household and demographic characteristics. This is formulated within a logistic regression framework, while defining energy poverty using the expenditure approach consistent with the definition by the Department of Energy (DoE) of South Africa. The model reveals that household expenditure patterns, race, education level, household and dwelling size, location of the household and access to electricity are important factors in explaining the state of energy in South African households. This paper also discusses limitations in defining energy poverty using the expenditure approach. Finally, some recommendations are made for regulators and policy makers.

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The Impact of Health on Labour Force Participation in South Africa

South African Journal of Economics ◽

10.1111/saje.12163 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 481-490 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Chijioke O. Nwosu ◽

Ingrid Woolard

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Labour Force ◽

Labour Force Participation ◽

The Impact

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Gender and Work in South Africa

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.32 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 734-756

Author(s):

Daniela Casale ◽

Dorrit Posel ◽

Jacqueline Mosomi

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Labour Force ◽

Labour Force Participation ◽

Gender And Work ◽

Women's Participation ◽

Primary Responsibility ◽

Unpaid Labour ◽

Provision Of Care ◽

Force Data

Abstract: This chapter provides an overview of women’s participation in the post-apartheid South African economy. It documents rising labour-force participation among women, as well as an increase in the share of total and high-skilled employment held by women. However, it also highlights some of the persistent challenges, among them that women’s labour-force participation, access to (high-skilled) employment, and earnings remain well below men’s using the most recent labour force data available. A key constraint to women’s success in the labour market is the additional responsibility they face in the home. The chapter uses data from various sources to show that women retain primary responsibility for the household and the provision of care in South Africa. Finally, attention is drawn to how the Covid-19 crisis has not only exposed the value of this unpaid labour to society, but also the difficulty of performing this work alongside the demands of paid work.

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