The Pros and Cons of Utilization of Computer Control within the Pollution Control Field

1973 ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Philip Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Control Field ◽  
Pros And Cons

scholarly journals Fabricating rutile nanopins on an anatase hollow sphere structure with enhanced photoactivity performance

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (89) ◽  
pp. 56648-56654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Cai Zhu ◽  
Ling Fu
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Hollow Sphere ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Promising Material ◽  
Control Field

TiO2 is a promising material for the renewable energy and pollution control field.

scholarly journals On object selection in gaze controlled environments

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Huckauf ◽  
Mario H. Urbina
Keyword(s):  
Computer Control ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Empirical Comparison ◽  
Object Selection ◽  
Input Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Selection Of

In the past twenty years, gaze control has become a reliable alternative input method not only for handicapped users. The selection of objects, however, which is of highest importance and of highest frequency in computer control, requires explicit control not inherent in eye movements. Objects have been therefore usually selected via prolonged fixations (dwell times). Dwell times seemed to be for many years the unique reliable method for selection. In this paper, we review pros and cons of classical selection methods and novel metaphors, which are based on pies and gestures. The focus is on the effectiveness and efficiency of selections. In order to estimate the potential of current suggestions for selection, a basic empirical comparison is recommended.

scholarly journals Migration and Pollution Control of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Groundwater System of Eastern Jinan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang shuiaji ◽  
Du Wenfeng ◽  
Liu Zhengwen ◽  
Gu Xiaoyu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Pollutant Concentration ◽  
Control Field ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Groundwater System ◽  
Chlorinated Hydrocarbon

The groundwater system is polluted by chlorinated hydrocarbon pollution in eastern Jinan, Shandong province, China, exceeding the limit of pollutants concentration in class Ⅲ of Groundwater Quality Standards (GQS, GB/T 14848-2017). In order to improve the current situation of chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants in groundwater system of eastern Jinan, the optimization study of the pollution control is carried out. In this paper, the pollutant of carbon tetrachloride in groundwater system is taken as the main research object. By using GMS numerical simulation software to establish the solute transport model of carbon tetrachloride. The simulation results illuminate that with the passage of time, the concentration of carbon tetrachloride decreases, but the acreage of pollution plume in groundwater still has little change, and it is hard to reach the limit standard of 2.0μg/L in class Ⅲ of GQS within a short time. Sequentially, on the basis of simulation model, the optimization of pumping and injection wells is conducted in the pollution control field of research region. The results turn out that the layout of 8 pumping and 5 injection wells has the best control effect of carbon tetrachloride in groundwater system, the pollutant concentration reached the limit standard of 2.0μg/L in only 1187d, and the acreage of pollution plume in control field reduced from 21.80km2 to 12.21km2. In summary, through the optimal pollution control scheme of carbon tetrachloride, the time for pollutant concentration to reach 2.0μg/L has been reduced, and the acreage of pollution plume has been effectively controlled. This work further investigates the promoting effect of injection wells on hydraulic control of groundwater pollution, which can accelerate the circulation of the groundwater system and save the treatment time, providing a relatively practical way for the prevention and control of chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants.

Development of an odor wheel classification scheme for wastewater

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Burlingame ◽  
I.H. Suffet ◽  
D. Khiari ◽  
A.L. Bruchet
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Control Field ◽  
Odor Concentration ◽  
Odor Quality ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Hedonic Rating ◽  
Odor Classification

Overall, in the air pollution control field, odor concentration and intensity as well as hedonic rating have been well studied to the point where some level of standardization is being developed or is already in place. However, there has been no standardization with respect to odor quality characterization. There is now sufficient understanding of the types of odorous compounds that can arise from wastewater treatment processes to develop an odor classification scheme. This article presents the first wastewater odor wheel or classification scheme that should form the foundation for the evolution of odor quality data reporting with links to chemical causes.

scholarly journals Nutrients: A Growing Problem in Pollution Control

1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent D. Patten
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Control Field ◽  
Good For

A nutrient is defined as a “nourishing substance”. It shouldn’t then, be called a pollutant. By definition it should be good for us. But, one man’s nutrient may be another man’s poison. We in the pollution control field actually are concerned when too many nutrients spoil the brew. Paper published with permission.

Microdensitometer—computer correlation analysis of ultrastructural periodicity

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
D.R. Ensor ◽  
C.G. Jensen ◽  
J.A. Fillery ◽  
R.J.K. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Optical Diffraction ◽  
Screw Thread ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Computer Storage ◽  
Correlation Process ◽  
Electron Microscope Image ◽  
Fixed Beam

Because periodicity is a major indicator of structural organisation numerous methods have been devised to demonstrate periodicity masked by background “noise” in the electron microscope image (e.g. photographic image reinforcement, Markham et al, 1964; optical diffraction techniques, Horne, 1977; McIntosh,1974). Computer correlation analysis of a densitometer tracing provides another means of minimising "noise". The correlation process uncovers periodic information by cancelling random elements. The technique is easily executed, the results are readily interpreted and the computer removes tedium, lends accuracy and assists in impartiality.A scanning densitometer was adapted to allow computer control of the scan and to give direct computer storage of the data. A photographic transparency of the image to be scanned is mounted on a stage coupled directly to an accurate screw thread driven by a stepping motor. The stage is moved so that the fixed beam of the densitometer (which is directed normal to the transparency) traces a straight line along the structure of interest in the image.

Defocus ramp correction in spot-scan imaging

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-131
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Downing
Keyword(s):  
Computer Control ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Electron Crystallography ◽  
Contrast Transfer Function ◽  
Tilt Axis ◽  
Specimen Height ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Envelope Functions

Three-dimensional structures of a number of samples have been determined by electron crystallography. The procedures used in this work include recording images of fairly large areas of a specimen at high tilt angles. There is then a large defocus ramp across the image, and parts of the image are far out of focus. In the regions where the defocus is large, the contrast transfer function (CTF) varies rapidly across the image, especially at high resolution. Not only is the CTF then difficult to determine with sufficient accuracy to correct properly, but the image contrast is reduced by envelope functions which tend toward a low value at high defocus.We have combined computer control of the electron microscope with spot-scan imaging in order to eliminate most of the defocus ramp and its effects in the images of tilted specimens. In recording the spot-scan image, the beam is scanned along rows that are parallel to the tilt axis, so that along each row of spots the focus is constant. Between scan rows, the objective lens current is changed to correct for the difference in specimen height from one scan to the next.

Applications of CCEM to Environmental Health Problems

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 102-103
Author(s):  
R. J. Lee ◽  
J. S. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
External Agent ◽  
External Agents ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Primitive State ◽  
Textural Changes ◽  
General Aspects

Electron microscopy (EM), with the advent of computer control and image analysis techniques, is rapidly evolving from an interpretative science into a quantitative technique. Electron microscopy is potentially of value in two general aspects of environmental health: exposure and diagnosis.In diagnosis, electron microscopy is essentially an extension of optical microscopy. The goal is to characterize cellular changes induced by external agents. The external agent could be any foreign material, chemicals, or even stress. The use of electron microscopy as a diagnostic tool is well- developed, but computer-controlled electron microscopy (CCEM) has had only limited impact, mainly because it is fairly new and many institutions lack the resources to acquire the capability. In addition, major contributions to diagnosis will come from CCEM only when image analysis (IA) and processing algorithms are developed which allow the morphological and textural changes recognized by experienced medical practioners to be quantified. The application of IA techniques to compare cellular structure is still in a primitive state.

The Instructional SEM Laboratory at Iowa State University

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 396-397
Author(s):  
L. S. Chumbley ◽  
M. Meyer ◽  
K. Fredrickson ◽  
F.C. Laabs
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
State University ◽  
Iowa State University ◽  
Internet Server ◽  
Schematic Layout ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Improve Instruction

The Materials Science Department at Iowa State University has developed a laboratory designed to improve instruction in the use of the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The laboratory makes use of a computer network and a series of remote workstations in a classroom setting to provide students with increased hands-on access to the SEM. The laboratory has also been equipped such that distance learning via the internet can be achieved.A view of the laboratory is shown in Figure 1. The laboratory consists of a JEOL 6100 SEM, a Macintosh Quadra computer that acts as a server for the network and controls the energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), four Macintosh computers that act as remote workstations, and a fifth Macintosh that acts as an internet server. A schematic layout of the classroom is shown in Figure 2. The workstations are connected directly to the SEM to allow joystick and computer control of the microscope. An ethernet connection between the Quadra and the workstations allows students seated there to operate the EDS. Control of the microscope and joystick is passed between the workstations by a switch-box assembly that resides at the microscope console. When the switch-box assembly is activated a direct serial line is established between the specified workstation and the microscope via the SEM’s RS-232.

A computer-control program for TEM in situ fatigue experiments

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 620-621
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Vecchio ◽  
John A. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Slow Crack Growth ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Video Tape ◽  
Computer Control System ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
And Control

In-situ experiments conducted within a transmission electron microscope provide the operator a unique opportunity to directly observe microstructural phenomena, such as phase transformations and dislocation-precipitate interactions, “as they happen”. However, in-situ experiments usually require a tremendous amount of experimental preparation beforehand, as well as, during the actual experiment. In most cases the researcher must operate and control several pieces of equipment simultaneously. For example, in in-situ deformation experiments, the researcher may have to not only operate the TEM, but also control the straining holder and possibly some recording system such as a video tape machine. When it comes to in-situ fatigue deformation, the experiments became even more complicated with having to control numerous loading cycles while following the slow crack growth. In this paper we will describe a new method for conducting in-situ fatigue experiments using a camputer-controlled tensile straining holder.The tensile straining holder used with computer-control system was manufactured by Philips for the Philips 300 series microscopes. It was necessary to modify the specimen stage area of this holder to work in the Philips 400 series microscopes because the distance between the optic axis and holder airlock is different than in the Philips 300 series microscopes. However, the program and interfacing can easily be modified to work with any goniometer type straining holder which uses a penrmanent magnet motor.

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