In situ observation of suspended solid aggregates in rivers

1995 ◽  
pp. 365-373
Author(s):  
M. A. Maldiney ◽  
J. M. Mouchel
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solid ◽  
In Situ Observation

scholarly journals ANALISIS DEGRADASI LINGKUNGAN PERAIRAN DAN KETERKAITANNYA DENGAN KEMATIAN MASSAL IKAN BUDIDAYA DI WADUK CIRATA, JAWA BARAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Adriani Sri Nastiti ◽  
Sri Turni Hartati ◽  
Budi Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Mass Mortality ◽  
Fish Culture ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Mortality Event ◽  
Mass Mortality Event ◽  
Zone Ii

Waduk Cirata dimanfaatkan untuk budidaya ikan dengan sistem keramba jaring apung, dimana jumlah keramba saat ini sudah melebihi daya dukung yang menyebabkan kelebihan hara (eutrofikasi). Di Waduk Cirata setiap tahun terjadi kematian ikan hasil budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi masalah kematian masal ikan di Waduk Cirata. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada saat terjadi kematian massal ikan akhir September 2017, di Zona I (Sangkalin, Cipicung-Bandung Barat), Zona II (Cimanggu-Purwakarta), dan Zona III (Jatinengang, Patokbeusi-Cianjur) menggunakan metode observasi cepat in situ, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Parameter yang diamati meliputi: Suhu air / udara, Kedalaman perairan, Warna air, Kecerahan, Kekeruhan, TDS (0,046-0,172 mg/l), TSS (total suspended solid), DHL (0,1-0,3 mS/cm), Oksigen terlarut, ORP (-49 sampai 244 mv), bebas CO2, Alkalinitas, pH, Nitrat, Nitrit, Amonium, Fosfat, Sulfat, BOT (5,06-17,06 mg/l), dan Kronologi kematian massal ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, kadar Oksigen terlarut dibawah 4 mg/l dan ORP nilainya negatif sehingga perairan tidak mampu menguraikan akumulasi limbah sebesar 390.848 ton/tahun. Kondisi tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa perairan mengalami degradasi, Degradasi lingkungan perairan dipicu oleh fenomena umbalan menyebabkan kematian massal budidaya ikan sekitar 65 ton (Zona III), 25 ton (Zona II), dan 20 ton (Zona I).The Cirata reservoir is used for fish culture by floating net cage system that currently has been exceeded to its carrying capacity that caused an over nutrient (eutrophication). Every year, mass mortality event occurred in Cirata Reservoir. This research aims to identify the causal of mass mortality event in the Cirata reservoir. This research conducted at the end of September 2017 in several locations: Zone II (Cimanggu-Purwakarta), Zone I (Sangkalin, Cipicung-West Bandung), and Zone III (Jatinengang, Patokbeusi-Cianjur). A rapid in situ observation, interview and literature review. Parameters that measured include Water/air temperature, Depth, Watercolour, Brightness, Turbidity, TDS (0,046-0,172 mg/l), TSS (total suspended solid), DHL (0,1-0,3 mS/cm), Dissolved Oxygen, ORP ((-49 to 244 mv), CO2, Alkalinity, pH, Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonium, Phosphate, Sulphate, BOT (5,06-17,06 mg/l), and the chronology of mass mortality. The results showed that the dissolved oxygen was less than 4 mg/l and negative ORP value that indicated incapability of environment to decompose the feed accumulation waste (about 390.848 tons/year). The degradation of waters environment triggered by upwelling phenomenon could cause mass mortality event on fish culture in three zones about 65 tons (Zone III), 25 tons (Zone II) and 20 tons (Zone I), respectively.

In situ observation of suspended solid aggregates in rivers

Hydrobiologia ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 300-301 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Maldiney ◽  
J. M. Mouchel
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solid ◽  
In Situ Observation

In Situ Observation of Catalyzed Gasification of Graphite by Nickel

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 76-77
Author(s):  
R. T. K. Baker ◽  
R. D. Sherwood
Keyword(s):  
Objective Lens ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Gas Flows ◽  
Catalytic Gasification ◽  
Television Camera ◽  
Viewing Screen ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals ◽  
Gasification Of Carbon ◽  
Transmission Microscope

The catalytic gasification of carbon at high temperature by microscopic size metal particles is of fundamental importance to removal of coke deposits and conversion of refractory hydrocarbons into fuels and chemicals. The reaction of metal/carbon/gas systems can be observed by controlled atmosphere electron microscopy (CAEM) in an 100 KV conventional transmission microscope. In the JEOL gas reaction stage model AGl (Fig. 1) the specimen is positioned over a hole, 200μm diameter, in a platinum heater strip, and is interposed between two apertures, 75μm diameter. The control gas flows across the specimen and exits through these apertures into the specimen chamber. The gas is further confined by two apertures, one in the condenser and one in the objective lens pole pieces, and removed by an auxiliary vacuum pump. The reaction zone is <1 mm thick and is maintained at gas pressure up to 400 Torr and temperature up to 1300<C as measured by a Pt-Pt/Rh 13% thermocouple. Reaction events are observed and recorded on videotape by using a Philips phosphor-television camera located below a hole in the center of the viewing screen. The overall resolution is greater than 2.5 nm.

In situ observation of the martensitic transformation in (Mg,Y)-PSZ

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
R-R. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Applied Stresses ◽  
Kinetics Of

Partially-stabilized ZrO2 (PSZ) ceramics have considerable potential for advanced structural applications because of their high strength and toughness. These properties derive from small tetragonal ZrO2 (t-ZrO2) precipitates in a cubic (c) ZrO2 matrix, which transform martensitically to monoclinic (m) symmetry under applied stresses. The kinetics of the martensitic transformation is believed to be nucleation controlled and the nucleation is always stress induced. In situ observation of the martensitic transformation using transmission electron microscopy provides considerable information about the nucleation and growth aspects of the transformation.

In situ TEM observations of melting in nanosized eutectic Pb-Cd inclusions embedded in Al

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 986-987
Author(s):  
S. Hagège ◽  
U. Dahmen ◽  
E. Johnson ◽  
A. Johansen ◽  
V.S. Tuboltsev
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Ternary Alloys ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Eutectic System ◽  
In Situ Tem ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Transmission Electron

Small particles of a low-melting phase embedded in a solid matrix with a higher melting point offer the possibility of studying the mechanisms of melting and solidification directly by in-situ observation in a transmission electron microscope. Previous studies of Pb, Cd and other low-melting inclusions embedded in an Al matrix have shown well-defined orientation relationships, strongly faceted shapes, and an unusual size-dependent superheating before melting.[e.g. 1,2].In the present study we have examined the shapes and thermal behavior of eutectic Pb-Cd inclusions in Al. Pb and Cd form a simple eutectic system with each other, but both elements are insoluble in solid Al. Ternary alloys of Al (Pb,Cd) were prepared from high purity elements by melt spinning or by sequential ion implantation of the two alloying additions to achieve a total alloying addition of up to lat%. TEM observations were made using a heating stage in a 200kV electron microscope equipped with a video system for recording dynamic behavior.

In-Situ Observation of Clay Minerals Hydrated and Intercalated With Liquid Chemicals Using Film-Sealed Environmental Cell

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 208-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fukushima ◽  
N. Kohyama ◽  
A. Fukami
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Film ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Interlayer Water ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Environmental Cell ◽  
Gas Layer ◽  
20 Nm

A film-sealed high resolution environmental cell(E.C) for observing hydrated materials had been developed by us(l). Main specification of the E.C. is as follows: 1) Accelerated voltage; 100 kV. 2) Gas in the E.C.; saturated water vapour with carrier gas of 50 Torr. 3) Thickness of gas layer; 50 μm. 4) Sealing film; evaporated carbon film(20 nm thick) with plastic microgrid. 5) Resolving power; 1 nm. 6) Transmittance of electron beam; 60% at 100 kV. The E.C. had been successfully applied to the study of hydrated halloysite(2) (3). Kaolin minerals have no interlayer water and are basically non-expandable but form intercalation compounds with some specific chemicals such as hydrazine, formamide and etc. Because of these compounds being mostly changed in vacuum, we tried to reveal the structure changes between in wet air and in vacuum of kaolin minerals intercalated with hydrazine and of hydrated state of montmori1lonite using the E.C. developed by us.

Development of Highly Precise Cell Stretching Microdevice and in-situ Observation of Stretched Cell

2013 ◽  
Vol 133 (12) ◽  
pp. 350-357
Author(s):  
Yuta Nakashima ◽  
Ryo Monji ◽  
Katsuya Sato ◽  
Kazuyuki Minami
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Cell Stretching

In-situ automatic observations of ice thickness of seas

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinke Dou ◽  
Xiaomin Chang
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Automatic Monitoring ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Surface Ice

Abstract Ice thickness is one of the most critical physical indicators in the ice science and engineering. It is therefore very necessary to develop in-situ automatic observation technologies of ice thickness. This paper proposes the principle of three new technologies of in-situ automatic observations of sea ice thickness and provides the findings of laboratory applications. The results show that the in-situ observation accuracy of the monitor apparatus based on the Magnetostrictive Delay Line (MDL) principle can reach ±2 mm, which has solved the “bottleneck” problem of restricting the fine development of a sea ice thermodynamic model, and the resistance accuracy of monitor apparatus with temperature gradient can reach the centimeter level and research the ice and snow substance balance by automatically measuring the glacier surface ice and snow change. The measurement accuracy of the capacitive sensor for ice thickness can also reach ±4 mm and the capacitive sensor is of the potential for automatic monitoring the water level under the ice and the ice formation and development process in water. Such three new technologies can meet different needs of fixed-point ice thickness observation and realize the simultaneous measurement in order to accurately judge the ice thickness.

In situ observation of multiple parallel (1 1 1) twin boundary formation from step-like grain boundary during Si solidification

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 105501
Author(s):  
Kuan-Kan Hu ◽  
Kensaku Maeda ◽  
Keiji Shiga ◽  
Haruhiko Morito ◽  
Kozo Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Twin Boundary ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Boundary Formation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document