Road Pricing as an Instrument in Traffic Management

1995 ◽  
pp. 35-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Button
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Pricing

scholarly journals A dynamic and deadline-oriented road pricing mechanism for urban traffic management

2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Jiahui Jin ◽  
Xiaoxuan Zhu ◽  
Biwei Wu ◽  
Jinghui Zhang ◽  
Yuxiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Pricing ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Pricing Mechanism

Paying Equitably for Urban Congestion through National Road Pricing System

1996 ◽  
Vol 1558 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Fazil T. Najafi ◽  
Fadi Emil Nassar ◽  
Paul Kaczorowski
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Road Pricing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Pricing System ◽  
Normal Speed ◽  
Toll Collection ◽  
National Road

Automated toll collection (ATC) systems have been implemented successfully in the United States to collect tolls on bridges and at tunnels and turnpikes. A conceptual national automated road pricing system (NARPS) is described. NARPS consists of a nationwide application of an integrated and coordinated ATC system. Its primary purpose is to collect variable tolls on congested urban roads to improve traffic distribution and the overall efficiency of the highway system. The components of the proposed system are transponders, detectors, and processors used to automatically identify approaching vehicles at normal speed, calculate applicable tolls, and maintain local data bases of all tolls and vehicles to be processed remotely in a control center. A nationwide application of an integrated ATC system offers numerous significant advantages: cost savings, efficiency, traffic management, and a host of secondary applications that are not feasible with localized ATC systems. The management of the system is simplified by billing only drivers who exceed a threshold toll amount, thereby exempting the majority of drivers in rural and other areas.

scholarly journals Road Pricing Effect on the Emission of Traffic Pollutants, a Case Study in Tehran

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 306-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Hadji Hosseinlou ◽  
Abbas Zolfaghari ◽  
Mahdi Yazdanpanah
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Road Pricing ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
The Road ◽  
Fuel Consumption Rate ◽  
The Impact

Road pricing is one of the main purposes of traffic management policies in order to reduce personal car use. Understanding the behaviour of drivers under the impact of the road pricing policy, can assist transportation planners in making better and more efficient decisions. This research aims at investigating the reactions of private car users to road pricing using stated preference (SP) method on the one hand, and on the other hand, studies the road pricing effect on traffic flow and pollutants. To this aim, the acceptance rate of pricing, which is obtained from modeling of survey data, as well as real traffic flow data in Shahid Hemmat Highway in Tehran, Iran, are applied as the simulation software input. Based on the results of this research, at the lowest price (TN11000), the contribution of toll acceptance is equal to 64/91 percent. The fuel consumption rate at this price decreases to 49/91% and the emission rate of CO2, NOx, particle material (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) pollutants decrease to 56.82%, 49.46%, 36.8% and 63.17%, respectively. At the highest price (TN10000), toll acceptability, fuel consumption, CO2, NOx, PM and VOC emission rates decrease to 5.47%, 3.57%, 3.98%, 2.85%, 1.22% and 4.86%, respectively.

scholarly journals Motivation and implementation of traffic management strategies to reduce motor vehicle emissions in Canadian cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Y. Bigazzi ◽  
Amr Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Road Pricing ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Motor Vehicle Emissions

There is a pressing need to reduce pollution emissions from transportation and consequent negative effects on air quality, public health, and the global climate. Diverse traffic management strategies have been proposed and undertaken with primary or secondary goals of reducing motor vehicle emissions. The objective of this paper is to investigate the motivation and implementation of traffic management strategies to reduce motor vehicle emissions, with a focus on moderate-scale local and regional strategies that are broadly applicable. Public documents from 44 local, regional, and provincial government entities across Canada were reviewed for information regarding the implementation of 22 traffic management strategies. Results show that different levels of government are involved in the implementation of different types of strategies, and with a different mix of traffic, safety, and environmental motivations. Regional governments more frequently cite environmental motivations and appear to be most interested in the two strategies with the strongest empirical evidence of air quality benefits: area road pricing and low emission zones. Strengthening regional transportation planning and better integrating it with municipal and provincial planning could potentially increase the implementation of effective sustainable traffic management strategies in Canada. Additional opportunities exist through emphasizing the potential environmental co-benefits of strategies such as road pricing, speed management, and traffic signal and intersection control improvements.

Safety Culture and Safety-Relevant Behavior in Air Traffic Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Schwarz ◽  
K. Wolfgang Kallus
Keyword(s):  
Safety Culture ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Safety Attitudes ◽  
Culture Development

Since 2010, air navigation service providers have been mandated to implement a positive and proactive safety culture based on shared beliefs, assumptions, and values regarding safety. This mandate raised the need to develop and validate a concept and tools to assess the level of safety culture in organizations. An initial set of 40 safety culture questions based on eight themes underwent psychometric validation. Principal component analysis was applied to data from 282 air traffic management staff, producing a five-factor model of informed culture, reporting and learning culture, just culture, and flexible culture, as well as management’s safety attitudes. This five-factor solution was validated across two different occupational groups and assessment dates (construct validity). Criterion validity was partly achieved by predicting safety-relevant behavior on the job through three out of five safety culture scores. Results indicated a nonlinear relationship with safety culture scales. Overall the proposed concept proved reliable and valid with respect to safety culture development, providing a robust foundation for managers, safety experts, and operational and safety researchers to measure and further improve the level of safety culture within the air traffic management context.

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