Identification of Rice Cultivars With Durable Blast Resistance in International Screening Tests

1993 ◽  
pp. 303-303
Author(s):  
S. W. Ahn ◽  
D. V. Seshu
Keyword(s):  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Rice Cultivars

scholarly journals Evaluation of indigenous aromatic rice cultivars from sub-Himalayan Terai region of India for nutritional attributes and blast resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debayan Mondal ◽  
Prudveesh Kantamraju ◽  
Susmita Jha ◽  
Gadge Sushant Sundarrao ◽  
Arpan Bhowmik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Rice Cultivars

AbstractIndigenous folk rice cultivars often possess remarkable but unrevealed potential in terms of nutritional attributes and biotic stress tolerance. The unique cooking qualities and blissful aroma of many of these landraces make it an attractive low-cost alternative to high priced Basmati rice. Sub-Himalayan Terai region is bestowed with great agrobiodiversity in traditional heirloom rice cultivars. In the present study, ninety-nine folk rice cultivars from these regions were collected, purified and characterized for morphological and yield traits. Based on traditional importance and presence of aroma, thirty-five genotypes were selected and analyzed for genetic diversity using micro-satellite marker system. The genotypes were found to be genetically distinct and of high nutritive value. The resistant starch content, amylose content, glycemic index and antioxidant potential of these genotypes represented wide variability and ‘Kataribhog’, ‘Sadanunia’, ‘Chakhao’ etc. were identified as promising genotypes in terms of different nutritional attributes. These cultivars were screened further for resistance against blast disease in field trials and cultivars like ‘Sadanunia’, ‘T4M-3-5’, ‘Chakhao Sampark’ were found to be highly resistant to the blast disease whereas ‘Kalonunia’, ‘Gobindabhog’, ‘Konkanijoha’ were found to be highly susceptible. Principal Component analysis divided the genotypes in distinct groups for nutritional potential and blast tolerance. The resistant and susceptible genotypes were screened for the presence of the blast resistant pi genes and association analysis was performed with disease tolerance. Finally, a logistic model based on phenotypic traits for prediction of the blast susceptibility of the genotypes is proposed with more than 80% accuracy.

scholarly journals Keragaan Sifat Tahan Penyakit Blas dan Agronomi Populasi Silang Balik dan Haploid Ganda Turunan IR64 dan Oryza rufipogon

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Dwinita W. Utami ◽  
A. Dinar Ambarwati ◽  
Aniversari Apriana ◽  
Atmitri Sisharmini ◽  
Ida Hanarida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Haploid ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Wild Rice Species ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Haploid Population ◽  
The One ◽  
Resistance Performance

<p>Blast Resistance Performance of Promising Lines Derived from Backcross and Double Haploid Population Between IR64 and Oryza rufipogon. Developing blast resistance varieties with superior agronomical performance has been the one of the important priorities in rice breeding program. Based on the purpose of this study the double haploid and backcross populations were developed using the most popular cultivar IR64 as recurrent parent and wild rice species Oryza rufipogon (Acc. IRGC 105491) as blast resistance donor parent. This study was initiated to analyze the blast resistance and agronomical performance of double haploid populations (DH_I, DH_II and DH_III) and backcross populations (BC2, BC3, and BC5), based on the green house and field screening tests. The results of statistical analysis showed that the blast resistance performance of DH population were diverse among DH_I, DH_II and DH_III. The smallest diversity was on the DH_III population. The same results were also detected on BC populations. The smallest diversity was on BC5 population. The diversity comparison between DH and BC population showed that DH_III population had smaller variation than BC5. Indicated that DH_III population has the most fixed population. The agronomic performance evaluation of DH_III population selected lines showed that Bio1, Bio2, and Bio8 qualitified as the candidate of promising lines.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Perakitan varietas tahan blas sebagai galur harapan, merupakan salah satu prioritas dalam program pemuliaan padi. Dalam rangka mendukung program tersebut, telah dilakukan pembentukan populasi haploid ganda (HG) dan silang balik (BC) dengan IR64 sebagai tetua berulang dan Oryza rufipogon (No. aksesi IRGC 105491) sebagai tetua donor gen tahan penyakit blas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keragaan tingkat ketahanan galur-galur haploid ganda (HG_I, HG_II, dan HG_III) dan galur-galur silang balik (BC2, BC3, dan BC5) terhadap penyakit blas di rumah kaca dan lapang, sehingga diperoleh kandidat galur harapan. Hasil pengujian beberapa populasi HG dan BC menunjukan bahwa terdapat variasi keragaan yang berbeda-beda. Variasi paling kecil terdapat pada populasi HG_III. Hasil yang sama juga diperoleh pada populasi silang balik (BC2-BC5). Variasi paling kecil terdapat pada populasi BC5. Bila dibandingkan antar populasi HG dan BC, tingkat variasi pada populasi HG_III lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan tingkat variasi pada populasi BC5. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat homosigositas paling tinggi terdapat pada populasi HG_III. Berdasarkan evaluasi penampilan agronomis beberapa galur HG_III terpilih, diperoleh tiga galur kandidat galur harapan Bio1, Bio2, dan Bio8.</p>

scholarly journals Genotyping-by-Sequencing-Based Genetic Analysis of African Rice Cultivars and Association Mapping of Blast Resistance Genes Against Magnaporthe oryzae Populations in Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (9) ◽  
pp. 1039-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel M. Mgonja ◽  
Chan Ho Park ◽  
Houxiang Kang ◽  
Elias G. Balimponya ◽  
Stephen Opiyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Association Mapping ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
R Genes ◽  
African Rice

Understanding the genetic diversity of rice germplasm is important for the sustainable use of genetic materials in rice breeding and production. Africa is rich in rice genetic resources that can be utilized to boost rice productivity on the continent. A major constraint to rice production in Africa is rice blast, caused by the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. In this report, we present the results of a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)-based diversity analysis of 190 African rice cultivars and an association mapping of blast resistance (R) genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The 190 African cultivars were clustered into three groups based on the 184K single nucleotide polymorphisms generated by GBS. We inoculated the rice cultivars with six African M. oryzae isolates. Association mapping identified 25 genomic regions associated with blast resistance (RABRs) in the rice genome. Moreover, PCR analysis indicated that RABR_23 is associated with the Pi-ta gene on chromosome 12. Our study demonstrates that the combination of GBS-based genetic diversity population analysis and association mapping is effective in identifying rice blast R genes/QTLs that contribute to resistance against African populations of M. oryzae. The identified markers linked to the RABRs and 14 highly resistant cultivars in this study will be useful for rice breeding in Africa.

scholarly journals Bayogenin 3-O-Cellobioside is a novel non-cultivar specific anti-blast metabolite produced in rice in response to Pyricularia oryzae infection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justice Norvienyeku ◽  
Lili Lin ◽  
Abdul Waheed ◽  
Xiaomin Chen ◽  
Jiandong Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Differential Resistance ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractRice cultivars from japonica and indica lineage possess differential resistance against blast fungus on an account genetic divergence. Whether different rice cultivars also show distinct metabolomic changes in response to P. oryzae, and their role in host resistance, are poorly understood. Here, we examine the responses of six different rice cultivars from japonica and indica lineage challenged with P. oryzae. Both susceptible and resistant rice cultivars expressed several metabolites exclusively during P. oryzae infection, including the saponin Bayogenin 3-O-cellobioside. Bayogenin 3-O-cellobioside level in infected rice directly correlated with their resistant attributes. These findings reveal, for the first time to our knowledge that besides oat, other grass plants including rice produces protective saponins. Our study provides insight into the role of pathogen-mediated metabolomics-reprogramming in host immunity. The correlation between Bayogenin 3-O-Cellobioside levels and blast resistance suggests that engineering saponin expression in cereal crops represents an attractive and sustainable disease control strategy.

Resistance genes and gene pyramids controlling rice blast pathogen populations in eight African countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Symphorien Awande ◽  
Kossi Kini ◽  
Kassankogno Abalo Itolou ◽  
Harinjaka Raveloson ◽  
Robert Amayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Improved Varieties ◽  
Neck Blast ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Pathogen Populations

Abstract BackgroundThe behavior of rice varieties under natural environments in fields often differs from the expected one. For developing varieties, breeders give then a particular importance to multi-local field screening to confirm the resistance of their germplasm. We assembled 81 accessions e.g. blast differential, traditional and improved varieties and tested them for resistance to blast (Pyricularia grisea) in eight African hot spots under different ecologies. We thus expected to identify accessions and genes or gene pyramids that provide durable resistance locally or across sites.Methods81 accessions (e.g. blast differential, traditional and improved varieties were tested in hot spots in Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Madagascar, Mali, Rwanda, Togo and Uganda for resistance to leaf and neck blast. An Alpha design (randomized incomplete block) with four replications was used. Correlation between leaf blast and neck blast severity and between incidence and severity were analyzed.Results:From 2013 to 2016, multi-local screening tests were conducted at yje selected sites. Among the 81 rice accessions tested, seven accessions were consistently susceptible while 12 were resistant across locations and seasons. Interestingly, effective individual resistance genes (R genes) or gene pyramids efficient across the sites were identified. In addition, we noticed on some sites, changes in the responses of some rice accessions to the disease from one season to the other. Responses of some accessions also showed great variations from one site to another. In addition, several accessions sharing the same resistance genes exhibited different responses to blast. Regarding the neck blast, only fewer accessions could be assessed as very susceptible ones died at early stages. Although differential responses were observed in the four sites considered for the analysis, several accessions consistently resisted. In addition, results showed that leaf and neck blast resistances were correlated.ConclusionsResults obtained provide useful information on the tested germplasm resistance. In addition, it was possible to identify resistant accessions and sometimes the R genes associated which were effective locally or across sites. Results also showed shifts in pathogenicity of the pathogen populations over seasons and sites. Finally, breeders can now use this valuable information for sustainable blast resistance breeding.

scholarly journals In silico modelling and characterization of eight blast resistance proteins in resistant and susceptible rice cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chandrakanth ◽  
L. Sunil ◽  
L. Sadashivaiah ◽  
N. S. Devaki
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Resistance Proteins ◽  
In Silico Modeling ◽  
Plant Defense Mechanism ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background Nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) resistance genes are the largest class of plant resistance genes which play an important role in the plant defense response. These genes are better conserved than others and function as a recognition-based immune system in plants through their encoded proteins. Results Here, we report the effect of Magnaporthe oryzae, the rice blast pathogen inoculation in resistant BR2655 and susceptible HR12 rice cultivars. Transcriptomic profiling was carried out to analyze differential gene expression in these two cultivars. A total of eight NBS-LRR uncharacterized resistance proteins (RP1, RP2, RP3, RP4, RP5, RP6, RP7, and RP8) were selected in these two cultivars for in silico modeling. Modeller 9.22 and SWISS-MODEL servers were used for the homology modeling of eight RPs. ProFunc server was utilized for the prediction of secondary structure and function. The CDvist Web server and Interpro scan server detected the motif and domains in eight RPs. Ramachandran plot of eight RPs confirmed that the modeled structures occupied favorable positions. Conclusions From the present study, computational analysis of these eight RPs may afford insights into their role, function, and valuable resource for studying the intricate details of the plant defense mechanism. Furthermore, the identification of resistance proteins is useful for the development of molecular markers linked to resistance genes.

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