Methods to Assess Baroreflex Sensitivity as a Measure of the Activity of the Autonomic Nervous System

2000 ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa La Rovere
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

scholarly journals Baroreflex Sensitivity in Obesity: Relationship With Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Activity*

Obesity ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1685-1693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioanna Skrapari ◽  
Nicholas Tentolouris ◽  
Despoina Perrea ◽  
Christos Bakoyiannis ◽  
Athanasia Papazafiropoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Activity ◽  
System Activity ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Nervous System Activity

P0186SERUM CYSTATIN C, INFLAMMATION AND AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION : A HIDDEN “MÉNAGE À TROIS”?

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia PELAEZ ◽  
Miriana Dinic ◽  
Barthelemy Jean-Claude ◽  
Frederic Roche ◽  
Eric Alamartine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Background and Aims While being a GFR biomarker with comparable performance than serum creatinine (SCr), Serum cystatin C (ScysC) is a better predictor of morbi-mortalilty in the general as well as the CKD population. The mechanisms underlying the prognostic dimension of ScysC are unclear. Unlike SCr, ScysC is known to strongly and positively correlate to C Reactive Protein (CRP) and thereby could reflect autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction. Transversal studies have underlined the association between the decline in autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity and all-cause mortality. ANS is thought to reflexively regulate the inflammatory response (« inflammatory reflex ») and autonomic dysfunction has been shown to be associated with deleterious sustained inflammatory stress. The Proof study is a prospective observational cohort of 1011 individuals, all aged 65 years at baseline (i.e. 2001), that was designed to assess the prognostic values of the ASN activity and its decline for the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We took advantage of the Proof cohort to explore the relationship between ScysC and ANS activity. Method The PROOF Cohort Study (PROgnostic indicator OF cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events) is constituted of elderly subjects aged 65 years in 2001 recruited from the electoral list of Saint-Etienne, France. Three initial 2-year examination were scheduled (2001–2007) along with late events monitoring which is still ongoing. At each examination, ANS activity was evaluated (baroreflex sensitivity by TILT testing) along with clinical and biological cardiovascular risk factors. Individuals with diagnosed CKD, history of myocardial infarction or stroke, heart failure, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and a severe disease that limited life expectancy to 5 years or less could not be included in the Proof cohort. SCr and ScysC were measured from sera drawn at baseline and stored at -80°C, using IDMS-traceable enzymatic method and immunoturbidimetry calibrated method, respectively. Relationhip between SCysC and baroreflex sensitivity was analysed by univariate linear and multivariate logistic regressions. Results SCr and ScysC were measured in 803 patients of the Proof Cohort (71% of men) follow up to December 2019. Mean (+/- SD) SCr was 77 (+/- 15) micromol/l. ScysC was significantly associated to 18 years - all cause mortality (OR=4.1, p=0.01) and baseline CRP (p= 0.002). In univariate analysis, ScysC was the covariate most strongly associated to impaired BRS (coeff=-1.62, p=0.02), followed by diabetes (coeff=-0.73, p=0;04), gender (coeff=-0.59, p=0.001), hypertension (coeff=-0;48, p=0.009), active smoking (-0.47, p=0.01), CRP (-0.03, p=0;04) and SCr (-0.01, p= 0;02). Dyslipidemia and age were not significantly associated to BRS. In multivariate analysis, ScysC and gender (male) were the 2 covariates that independently and significantly associated with BRS. Conclusion By reporting for the first time an association between ScysC and BRS, our data suggest a new mechanism by which ScysC could predict excess risk of morbi-mortality beyond its sole ability to predict GFR. ScysC could be an easy-to-monitor marker of the “inflammatory reflex”.

scholarly journals Nicotinamide Attenuates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Complications and Increases Survival Rate in Rats: Role of Autonomic Nervous System.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Lázara Cruz ◽  
Ivana Cinthya Moraes-Silva ◽  
Amanda Aparecida Ribeiro ◽  
Jacqueline Freire Machi ◽  
Marcelo Dantas Tavares Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

Abstract Background: Diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ) is a well-known model to study diabetes complications in rats and mice. The association of nicotinamide (N) with STZ has been widely used, and the severity of diabetes is attenuated. However, the mechanisms supporting this attenuation are not completely understood. Considering the key role of the autonomic nervous system in the pathophysiology of several diseases, we hypothesized that N could affect baroreflex sensitivity and autonomic modulation, thus protecting from the aggressive effects of STZ. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into control (C) and STZ-induced diabetes (D). Half of the rats from each group received a single dose of N (100mg/Kg) before STZ injection (CN and DN). All groups were followed-up for 5 weeks. Results: Body weight loss of more than 40% was observed in D throughout the period (D: 271.00±12.74 g; DN: 344.62±17.82). Increased glycemia was seen in D rats (541.28±18.68 mg/dl) while DN group had a slight decrease (440.87±20.96 mg/dl). However, insulin resistance was observed only in D. In relation to C, heart rate, mean blood pressure and diastolic function were reduced when compared to D, together with parasympathetic modulation (RMSSD D: 5.4±0.2 ms and DN: 9.3±1.2 ms) and baroreflex sensitivity. All of these parameters were improved in DN when compared to D. Improved baroreflex sensitivity and parasympathetic modulation were correlated with glycemia, insulin resistance, and body weight mass. Additionally, DN group increased survival rate. Conclusions: These results suggest that the association of nicotinamide in STZ-induced diabetic rats prevents most of the expected derangements mainly by preserving parasympathetic and baroreflex parameters.

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