scholarly journals Nicotinamide Attenuates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Complications and Increases Survival Rate in Rats: Role of Autonomic Nervous System.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Lázara Cruz ◽  
Ivana Cinthya Moraes-Silva ◽  
Amanda Aparecida Ribeiro ◽  
Jacqueline Freire Machi ◽  
Marcelo Dantas Tavares Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

Abstract Background: Diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ) is a well-known model to study diabetes complications in rats and mice. The association of nicotinamide (N) with STZ has been widely used, and the severity of diabetes is attenuated. However, the mechanisms supporting this attenuation are not completely understood. Considering the key role of the autonomic nervous system in the pathophysiology of several diseases, we hypothesized that N could affect baroreflex sensitivity and autonomic modulation, thus protecting from the aggressive effects of STZ. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into control (C) and STZ-induced diabetes (D). Half of the rats from each group received a single dose of N (100mg/Kg) before STZ injection (CN and DN). All groups were followed-up for 5 weeks. Results: Body weight loss of more than 40% was observed in D throughout the period (D: 271.00±12.74 g; DN: 344.62±17.82). Increased glycemia was seen in D rats (541.28±18.68 mg/dl) while DN group had a slight decrease (440.87±20.96 mg/dl). However, insulin resistance was observed only in D. In relation to C, heart rate, mean blood pressure and diastolic function were reduced when compared to D, together with parasympathetic modulation (RMSSD D: 5.4±0.2 ms and DN: 9.3±1.2 ms) and baroreflex sensitivity. All of these parameters were improved in DN when compared to D. Improved baroreflex sensitivity and parasympathetic modulation were correlated with glycemia, insulin resistance, and body weight mass. Additionally, DN group increased survival rate. Conclusions: These results suggest that the association of nicotinamide in STZ-induced diabetic rats prevents most of the expected derangements mainly by preserving parasympathetic and baroreflex parameters.

scholarly journals Nicotinamide attenuates streptozotocin-induced diabetes complications and increases survival rate in rats: role of autonomic nervous system

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula L. Cruz ◽  
Ivana C. Moraes-Silva ◽  
Amanda A. Ribeiro ◽  
Jacqueline F. Machi ◽  
Marcelo Dantas Tavares de Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Abstract Background To evaluate the effect of nicotinamide prior to streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetes in baroreflex sensitivity and cardiovascular autonomic modulation, and its association with hemodynamics and metabolic parameters. Methods Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into control (Cont) and STZ-induced diabetes (Diab). Half of the rats from each group received a single dose of nicotinamide (100 mg/Kg) before STZ injection (Cont+NicA and Diab+NicA). All groups were followed-up for 5 weeks. Results Body weight loss of more than 40% was observed in Diab throughout the period (Diab: 271.00 ± 12.74 g; Diab+NicA: 344.62 ± 17.82). Increased glycemia was seen in Diab rats (541.28 ± 18.68 mg/dl) while Diab+NicA group had a slight decrease (440.87 ± 20.96 mg/dl). However, insulin resistance was observed only in Diab. In relation to Cont, heart rate, mean blood pressure and diastolic function were reduced when compared to Diab, together with parasympathetic modulation and baroreflex sensitivity. All of these parameters were improved in Diab+NicA when compared to Diab. Improved baroreflex sensitivity and parasympathetic modulation were correlated with glycemia, insulin resistance, and body weight mass. Additionally, Diab+NicA group increased survival rate. Conclusions Results suggest that the association of nicotinamide in STZ-induced diabetic rats prevents most of the expected derangements mainly by preserving parasympathetic and baroreflex parameters.

scholarly journals Autonomic Nervous System in Obesity and Insulin-Resistance—The Complex Interplay between Leptin and Central Nervous System

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5187
Author(s):  
Benedetta Russo ◽  
Marika Menduni ◽  
Patrizia Borboni ◽  
Fabiana Picconi ◽  
Simona Frontoni
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Impact

The role of the autonomic nervous system in obesity and insulin-resistant conditions has been largely explored. However, the exact mechanisms involved in this relation have not been completely elucidated yet, since most of these mechanisms display a bi-directional effect. Insulin-resistance, for instance, can be caused by sympathetic activation, but, in turn, the associated hyperinsulinemia can activate the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system. The picture is made even more complex by the implicated neural, hormonal and nutritional mechanisms. Among them, leptin plays a pivotal role, being involved not only in appetite regulation and glucose homeostasis but also in energy expenditure. The purpose of this review is to offer a comprehensive view of the complex interplay between leptin and the central nervous system, providing further insights on the impact of autonomic nervous system balance on adipose tissue and insulin-resistance. Furthermore, the link between the circadian clock and leptin and its effect on metabolism and energy balance will be evaluated.

The role of autonomic nervous system in progression of school myopia in children

2019 ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
D.A. Dubko ◽  
◽  
G.P. Smoliakova ◽  
O.I. Kashura ◽  
O.V. Mazurina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
School Myopia

scholarly journals Is Active Lifestyle Related to Autonomic Nervous System Function and Lipid Profile in People with Overweight? A Study Pilot

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2439
Author(s):  
Alexis Espinoza-Salinas ◽  
Edgardo Molina-Sotomayor ◽  
Johnattan Cano-Montoya ◽  
Jose Antonio Gonzalez-Jurado
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
System Function ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Function ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Nervous System Function

Autonomic nervous system function is an important predictor of physical fitness. The objective of this study was to find out the associations of autonomic activity parameters, lipid profile, insulin concentrations, and insulin resistance in overweight men with the level of physical activity. A descriptive and correlational study was carried out in 28 overweight men: 14 physically active (PA) and 14 physically inactive (PI). The following variables were assessed: Level of physical activity, HRV (heart rate variability), basal insulin, HOMA-IR index (Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin-Resistance), and lipid profile. The main results show a positive correlation between the spectral parameters of the HRV and total cholesterol (r = 0.24), LDL (r = 0.59), VLDL (r = 0.86), and insulin (r = 0.88) of sedentary people, evidencing a directly proportional correlation with BMI. We conclude that weight gain and a sedentary lifestyle are associated with an increase in sympathetic discharge, which, in turn, is associated with an increase in lipid profile and insulin levels.

Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in the Acute Blood Pressure Elevation during Repetitive Hypoxic and Hypercapnic Breathing in Rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bakehe ◽  
J. Hedner ◽  
T. Dang ◽  
B. Chambille ◽  
C. L. Gaultier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Blood Pressure Elevation ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Pressure Elevation

Gut peptides and the autonomic nervous system in cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer. Role of adrenal cortex and medulla

1990 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Kimitoshi Koto ◽  
Kazuhiro Imatake ◽  
Hideki Mochizuki ◽  
Tomio Haramoto ◽  
Emiko Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Gut Peptides ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

scholarly journals Role of the autonomic nervous system in osteoarthritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Courties ◽  
Jérémie Sellam ◽  
Francis Berenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous
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