Einstein-De Broglie-Proca Theory of Light and Simultaneous Existence of Transverse and Longitudinal Photons

1997 ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Sisir Roy ◽  
Malabika Roy
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Existence

A Combined Spin-Flip and IP/EA Approach for Handling Spin and Spatial Degeneracies: Application to Double Exchange Systems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Houck ◽  
Nicholas Mayhall
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Double Exchange ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Single Molecule Magnets ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Spin Flip ◽  
Model Hamiltonian ◽  
Simultaneous Existence ◽  
Exchange Parameters

<div>Many multiconfigurational systems, such as single-molecule magnets, are difficult to study using traditional computational methods due to the simultaneous existence of both spin and spatial degeneracies. In this work, a new approach termed n-spin-flip Ionization Potential/Electron Affinity (<i>n</i>SF-IP or <i>n</i>SF-EA) is introduced which combines the spin-flip method of Anna Krylov with particle-number changing IP/EA methods. We demonstrate the efficacy of the approach by applying it to the strongly-correlated N<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> as well as several double exchange systems. We also demonstrate that when these systems are well-described by a double exchange model Hamiltonian, only 1SF-IP/EA is required to extract the double exchange parameters and accurately predict energies for the low-spin states. This significantly reduces the computational effort for studying such systems. The effects of including additional excitations (using a RAS-<i>n</i>SF-IP/EA scheme) are also examined, with particular emphasis on hole and particle excitations.</div>

A Combined Spin-Flip and IP/EA Approach for Handling Spin and Spatial Degeneracies: Application to Double Exchange Systems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Houck ◽  
Nicholas Mayhall
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Double Exchange ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Single Molecule Magnets ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Spin Flip ◽  
Model Hamiltonian ◽  
Simultaneous Existence ◽  
Exchange Parameters

<div>Many multiconfigurational systems, such as single-molecule magnets, are difficult to study using traditional computational methods due to the simultaneous existence of both spin and spatial degeneracies. In this work, a new approach termed n-spin-flip Ionization Potential/Electron Affinity (<i>n</i>SF-IP or <i>n</i>SF-EA) is introduced which combines the spin-flip method of Anna Krylov with particle-number changing IP/EA methods. We demonstrate the efficacy of the approach by applying it to the strongly-correlated N<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> as well as several double exchange systems. We also demonstrate that when these systems are well-described by a double exchange model Hamiltonian, only 1SF-IP/EA is required to extract the double exchange parameters and accurately predict energies for the low-spin states. This significantly reduces the computational effort for studying such systems. The effects of including additional excitations (using a RAS-<i>n</i>SF-IP/EA scheme) are also examined, with particular emphasis on hole and particle excitations.</div>

scholarly journals Unpacking Plastic: Investigating Plastic Related Ambivalence

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2186
Author(s):  
Lena Hahn ◽  
Benjamin Buttlar ◽  
Eva Walther
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Simultaneous Existence

Many people are aware of the negative consequences of plastic use on the environment. Nevertheless, they use plastic due to its functionality. In the present paper, we hypothesized that this leads to the experience of ambivalence—the simultaneous existence of positive and negative evaluations of plastic. In two studies, we found that participants showed greater ambivalence toward plastic packed food than unpacked food. Moreover, they rated plastic packed food less favorably than unpacked food in response evaluations. In Study 2, we tested whether one-sided (only positive vs. only negative) information interventions could effectively influence ambivalence. Results showed that ambivalence is resistant to (social) influence. Directions for future research were discussed.

scholarly journals Induced unconventional superconductivity on the surface states of Bi2Te3 topological insulator

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Charpentier ◽  
Luca Galletti ◽  
Gunta Kunakova ◽  
Riccardo Arpaia ◽  
Yuxin Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Topological Insulator ◽  
Quantum Interference ◽  
Order Parameter ◽  
Thermal Strain ◽  
Surface States ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Ordered Phases ◽  
Simultaneous Existence

Abstract Topological superconductivity is central to a variety of novel phenomena involving the interplay between topologically ordered phases and broken-symmetry states. The key ingredient is an unconventional order parameter, with an orbital component containing a chiral p x  + ip y wave term. Here we present phase-sensitive measurements, based on the quantum interference in nanoscale Josephson junctions, realized by using Bi2Te3 topological insulator. We demonstrate that the induced superconductivity is unconventional and consistent with a sign-changing order parameter, such as a chiral p x  + ip y component. The magnetic field pattern of the junctions shows a dip at zero externally applied magnetic field, which is an incontrovertible signature of the simultaneous existence of 0 and π coupling within the junction, inherent to a non trivial order parameter phase. The nano-textured morphology of the Bi2Te3 flakes, and the dramatic role played by thermal strain are the surprising key factors for the display of an unconventional induced order parameter.

scholarly journals Magnetic Properties of Li3V2(PO4)3/Li3PO4 Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Tatiana Gavrilova ◽  
Sergey Khantimerov ◽  
Mikhail Cherosov ◽  
Ruslan Batulin ◽  
Nickolay Lyadov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Electron Spin Resonance ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electron Spin ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Thermal Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Method ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Simultaneous Existence

Here, we present the investigation of the magnetic properties of Li3V2(PO4)3/Li3PO4 composites, which can be potentially used as a cathode material in lithium-ion batteries. Li3V2(PO4)3/Li3PO4 was synthesized by the thermal hydrolysis method and has a granular mesoporous structure. Magnetic properties of the composite were investigated using magnetometry and electron spin resonance methods. Based on magnetization measurements, the simultaneous existence of the paramagnetic phase with antiferromagnetic interactions between spins of V3+ ions and magnetically correlated regions was suggested. Most probably, magnetically correlated regions were formed due to anti-site defects and the presence of V4+ ions that was directly confirmed by electron spin resonance measurements.

Theory of the Stationary Self-Consistent Universe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Shamailovich Avshalumov
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Zero Curvature ◽  
Modern Cosmology ◽  
Simultaneous Existence ◽  
Three Space ◽  
Space Time Model ◽  
The Universe

Since the creation of GR and subsequent works in cosmology, the question of the curvature of space in the Universe is considered one of the most important and debated to this day. This is evident, because the curvature of space depends whether the Universe expands, contracts or is static. These discussions allowed the author to propose a paradoxical idea: simultaneous existence in the Universe of three interconnected space-times (positive, negative and zero curvature) and on this basis, to develop a theory in which each space-time plays its own role and develops in a strict accordance with its sign of curvature. The three space-time model of the structure of the Universe, proposed by the author, allows to solve many fundamental problems of modern cosmology and theoretical physics and creates the basis for building a unified physical theory (including one that unites GR and quantum physics).

A Matter of Interest: Diplomatic Protection and State ResponsibilityErga Omnes

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarieke Vermeer-Künzli
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
State Responsibility ◽  
Diplomatic Protection ◽  
Simultaneous Existence ◽  
Indirect Injury ◽  
Peremptory Norms

AbstractInternational law recognizes two mechanisms for the protection of individuals in case of violations of peremptory norms affecting individuals: invocation of State responsibilityerga omnesand diplomatic protection. While they share some fields of applications and are both based on some measure of indirect injury, there are important differences between these two mechanisms. This paper analyses and discusses these differences and similarities, and concludes by demonstrating that the essential distinction is to be found in the legal interest in the claim and the nature of the claim. The traditional conditions for the bringing of a claim based on indirect injury that are applicable to diplomatic protection (exhaustion of local remedies and nationality of claims) are not applicable to invocation of responsibilityerga omnes. This paper will argue that the latter is based on an obligation owed to the community as a whole, including the claimant State, and therefore constitutes a direct claim. In the interest of enhancing protection of individuals against violations of peremptory norms, the simultaneous existence of these two mechanisms should be welcomed.

Simultaneous existence of a multiplicity of stable and unstable solitons in dissipative systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 291 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M Soto-Crespo ◽  
Nail Akhmediev ◽  
Kin S Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Dissipative Systems ◽  
Simultaneous Existence
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