Can different vegetative states in shallow coastal bays of the Baltic Sea be linked to internal nutrient levels and external nutrient load?

2004 ◽  
pp. 249-258
Author(s):  
Stefan Dahlgren ◽  
Lena Kautsky
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Coastal Bays ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Shallow Coastal Bays ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
External Nutrient

scholarly journals Anthropogenic nutrient load of the Baltic Sea

Limnologica ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günther Nausch ◽  
Dietwart Nehring ◽  
Gunni Aertebjerg
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals Digital methods for agro-monitoring and nutrient load management in the Russian part of the Baltic Sea catchment area

2020 ◽  
Vol 578 ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Briukhanov ◽  
Alexey Dorokhov ◽  
Ekaterina Shalavina ◽  
Alexey Trifanov ◽  
Ekaterina Vorobyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Load Management ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Russian Part ◽  
Digital Methods ◽  
The Baltic

Projected Oceanographical Changes in the Baltic Sea until 2100

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.E. Markus Meier ◽  
Sofia Saraiva
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
The Baltic

In this article, the concepts and background of regional climate modeling of the future Baltic Sea are summarized and state-of-the-art projections, climate change impact studies, and challenges are discussed. The focus is on projected oceanographic changes in future climate. However, as these changes may have a significant impact on biogeochemical cycling, nutrient load scenario simulations in future climates are briefly discussed as well. The Baltic Sea is special compared to other coastal seas as it is a tideless, semi-enclosed sea with large freshwater and nutrient supply from a partly heavily populated catchment area and a long response time of about 30 years, and as it is, in the early 21st century, warming faster than any other coastal sea in the world. Hence, policymakers request the development of nutrient load abatement strategies in future climate. For this purpose, large ensembles of coupled climate–environmental scenario simulations based upon high-resolution circulation models were developed to estimate changes in water temperature, salinity, sea-ice cover, sea level, oxygen, nutrient, and phytoplankton concentrations, and water transparency, together with uncertainty ranges. Uncertainties in scenario simulations of the Baltic Sea are considerable. Sources of uncertainties are global and regional climate model biases, natural variability, and unknown greenhouse gas emission and nutrient load scenarios. Unknown early 21st-century and future bioavailable nutrient loads from land and atmosphere and the experimental setup of the dynamical downscaling technique are perhaps the largest sources of uncertainties for marine biogeochemistry projections. The high uncertainties might potentially be reducible through investments in new multi-model ensemble simulations that are built on better experimental setups, improved models, and more plausible nutrient loads. The development of community models for the Baltic Sea region with improved performance and common coordinated experiments of scenario simulations is recommended.

scholarly journals Cost Effectiveness of Ecosystem-Based Nutrient Targets—Findings from a Numerical Model for the Baltic Sea

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2679
Author(s):  
Ing-Marie Gren ◽  
Wondmagegn Tirkaso
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Nitrogen Emissions ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Marine Basins

An ecosystem-based management of a large sea can give heterogeneous nutrient load targets for different parts of the sea. Cost effective solutions to heterogeneous nutrient reductions targets based on ecological conditions are compared with the same overall nutrient reductions to the Baltic Sea. To this end, a numerical programming model is used, which includes eight different nutrient abatement measures (fertilizer and livestock reduction, cultivation of catch crops, reduced airborne nitrogen emissions, improved cleaning at sewage treatment plants, construction of wetlands and buffer strips, and mussel farming) in 21 catchments of the Baltic Sea. The results indicate that the cost for the international agreement on maximum load targets to different marine basins amounts to 5.3 billion euro. This is more than twice as large as the cost for the same total nutrient load targets to the Baltic Sea without specific targets for the marine basins. However, the resulting nutrient loads to the different marine basins deviate from the basin targets where the loads are lower for some basins but can exceed that for one basin, Baltic Proper, by approximately 22 per cent. Whether or not the ecological costs and benefits from deviations in basin targets under the Baltic Sea targets exceed the excess abatement cost of 2.9 billion euro for achieving the marine basin targets remains to be verified.

scholarly journals Experimental simulations with an ecosystem model of the Baltic Sea: A nutrient load reduction experiment

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-1-7-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Neumann ◽  
Wolfgang Fennel ◽  
Christine Kremp
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Load Reduction ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Reduction Experiment ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals Modelling Nutrient Load Changes from Fertilizer Application Scenarios in Six Catchments around the Baltic Sea

Agriculture ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Thodsen ◽  
Csilla Farkas ◽  
Jaroslaw Chormanski ◽  
Dennis Trolle ◽  
Gitte Blicher-Mathiesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic

Point and diffuse load of nutrients to the Baltic Sea by river basins of North East Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Behrendt ◽  
A. Bachor
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Diffuse Sources ◽  
Nutrient Emissions ◽  
The Baltic

The results of a study on the riverine nutrient emissions and loads of nine river basins of the country Mecklenburg-Vorpommern to the Baltic Sea are presented for the period 1992 to 1994. The basins represent about 76% of the Baltic Sea catchment area of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The population living in the basins causes point emissions of 1752 tN/a and 293 tP/a. The analysis of diffuse emissions of nutrients is based on digitized maps of the land use and the soil types, the livestock numbers in the basins and measurements on the nutrient concentrations in the groundwater and drainage areas. The used method considers different pathways of diffuse sources as load from urban areas, erosion, load by groundwater, and drainage systems, atmospheric deposition, and direct load by agricultural activities. The dominant pathway of nitrogen emissions is the emissions of drainage. For phosphorus the emissions by erosion, groundwater and drainage are the main sources. The emissions of point sources contribute to the total emissions to 10% (N) and 25% (P), respectively. The measured nutrient load at the monitoring stations of the rivers is in all cases lower than the sum of the nutrient emissions. This behaviour can be explained by intensive retention processes in the rivers, which depends on the specific runoff, and for nitrogen additionally on the area of surface water in the basin. Measures against the high nutrient load have to be focussed on the reduction of diffuse sources, especially the emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus by drainage systems have to be reduced, and additionally in the case of phosphorus the emissions by erosion and by direct agricultural load.

The nutrient load from food waste generated onboard ships in the Baltic Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Wilewska-Bien ◽  
Lena Granhag ◽  
Karin Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic
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