Assessing Port Congestion Using Ship Movement Data: A Case Study of Tianjin Port

2020 ◽  
pp. 462-477
Author(s):  
Guanlan Liu ◽  
Alessio Tei ◽  
Alan J. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Movement Data ◽  
Port Congestion ◽  
Ship Movement

scholarly journals Ship Collision Frequency Estimation in Port Fairways: A Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinxian Weng ◽  
Shan Xue
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Collision Frequency ◽  
Frequency Estimation ◽  
The West ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Ship Collision ◽  
Ship Movement

This study aims to evaluate ship collision frequency in port fairways. One case study is created using one month's real-time ship movement data from five major Singapore port fairways. Results show that tankers account for the biggest proportion in the Temasek fairway, whereas the percentage of Roll-on-Roll-Off (RORO) and passenger ships is quite small in the Temasek fairway, Sinki fairway, Jong fairway and Southern fairway. Tankers and container ships are the two major ship types involved in dangerous encounters. The largest number of dangerous head-on and overtaking encounters is located in the Jong fairway. The majority of dangerous crossing encounters have occurred in the West Keppel fairway and Jong fairway. Ship collision frequency at night is found to be significantly higher than during the day in these fairways.

scholarly journals Contrail study with ground-based cameras

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 7425-7472
Author(s):  
U. Schumann ◽  
R. Hempel ◽  
H. Flentje ◽  
M. Garhammer ◽  
K. Graf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Lagrangian Model ◽  
Wake Vortex ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nwp Model ◽  
Better Than

Abstract. Photogrammetric methods and analysis results for contrails observed with wide-angle cameras are described. Four cameras of two different types (view angle < 90° or whole-sky imager) at the ground at various positions are used to track contrails and to derive their altitude, width, and horizontal speed. Camera models for both types are described to derive the observation angles for given image coordinates and their inverse. The models are calibrated with sightings of the Sun, the Moon and a few bright stars. The methods are applied and tested in a case study. Four persistent contrails crossing each other together with a short-lived one are observed with the cameras. Vertical and horizontal positions of the contrails are determined from the camera images to an accuracy of better than 200 m and horizontal speed to 0.2 m s−1. With this information, the aircraft causing the contrails are identified by comparison to traffic waypoint data. The observations are compared with synthetic camera pictures of contrails simulated with the contrail prediction model CoCiP, a Lagrangian model using air traffic movement data and numerical weather prediction (NWP) data as input. The results provide tests for the NWP and contrail models. The cameras show spreading and thickening contrails suggesting ice-supersaturation in the ambient air. The ice-supersaturated layer is found thicker and more humid in this case than predicted by the NWP model used. The simulated and observed contrail positions agree up to differences caused by uncertain wind data. The contrail widths, which depend on wake vortex spreading, ambient shear and turbulence, were partly wider than simulated.

scholarly journals Contrail study with ground-based cameras

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 3597-3612 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Schumann ◽  
R. Hempel ◽  
H. Flentje ◽  
M. Garhammer ◽  
K. Graf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Lagrangian Model ◽  
Wake Vortex ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nwp Model ◽  
Better Than

Abstract. Photogrammetric methods and analysis results for contrails observed with wide-angle cameras are described. Four cameras of two different types (view angle < 90° or whole-sky imager) at the ground at various positions are used to track contrails and to derive their altitude, width, and horizontal speed. Camera models for both types are described to derive the observation angles for given image coordinates and their inverse. The models are calibrated with sightings of the Sun, the Moon and a few bright stars. The methods are applied and tested in a case study. Four persistent contrails crossing each other, together with a short-lived one, are observed with the cameras. Vertical and horizontal positions of the contrails are determined from the camera images to an accuracy of better than 230 m and horizontal speed to 0.2 m s−1. With this information, the aircraft causing the contrails are identified by comparison to traffic waypoint data. The observations are compared with synthetic camera pictures of contrails simulated with the contrail prediction model CoCiP, a Lagrangian model using air traffic movement data and numerical weather prediction (NWP) data as input. The results provide tests for the NWP and contrail models. The cameras show spreading and thickening contrails, suggesting ice-supersaturation in the ambient air. The ice-supersaturated layer is found thicker and more humid in this case than predicted by the NWP model used. The simulated and observed contrail positions agree up to differences caused by uncertain wind data. The contrail widths, which depend on wake vortex spreading, ambient shear and turbulence, were partly wider than simulated.

Limitations of Functionally Determined Joint Centers for the Analysis of Athletic Human Movement: A Case Study of the Upper Limb

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Roosen ◽  
Matthew T.G. Pain ◽  
Mickaël Begon
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Functional Methods ◽  
Score Method ◽  
Limited Testing ◽  
Theoretical Accuracy

Much research is ongoing into improving the accuracy of functional algorithms to determine joint centers (JC), but there has been limited testing using human movement data. This paper is in three parts: Part 1, errors in determining JCs from real human movement data using the SCoRE method; Part 2, variability of marker combinations during a punch; Part 3, variability in the JC due to reconstruction. Results indicate determining the JC of the shoulder or elbow with a triad of markers per segment with an accuracy greater than 20 mm is unlikely. Part 2 suggests conducting a pilot study with abundant markers to obtain triads, which are most stable due to differences of 300–400% in variability between triads. Variability due to the choice of reference frame for reconstruction during the punch ranged from 2.5 to 13.8 mm for the shoulder and 1.5 to 21.1 mm for the elbow. It would appear more pertinent to enhance the practical methods in situ than to further improve theoretical accuracy of functional methods.

The role of tech startups in the fight against COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Hospital Equipment

PurposeThis study explores the contribution that tech startups can provide in the fight against COVID-19. The Tech4Covid movement is presented to that effect, which has joined several Portuguese tech startups. This initiative gathers more than 5,000 volunteers and 28 ongoing projects in several interdisciplinary areas, including science, technology, health and education.Design/methodology/approachTwo qualitative methods are adopted: the case study and the field research technique. This joint approach allows exploring in-depth the relevance and impact of the different areas included in Tech4Covid movement. Data were collected both from primary sources, namely by the authors' participation in the movement and by the use of secondary sources from each project.FindingsThe findings reveal three main areas in which the 28 ongoing projects can be categorized, respectively: support to health professionals and hospital equipment, health and education services and business and leisure. These projects offer direct and indirect contributions to the fight against COVID-19. From a perspective, they were initially designed to support health professionals in gathering protective equipment and supporting screening for suspicious cases. From another perspective, they also offer indirect benefits to citizens and the local economy.Originality/valueThis paper addresses a recent phenomenon with a dramatic impact on public health, social and economic dimensions. The study provides essentially practical contributions by revealing how Portuguese technological startups were organized and worked together to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is expected this study will serve as a reference for other countries and communities that intend to replicate this model.

scholarly journals Classifying fishing behavioral diversity using high-frequency movement data

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (34) ◽  
pp. 16811-16816
Author(s):  
Shay O’Farrell ◽  
Iliana Chollett ◽  
James N. Sanchirico ◽  
Larry Perruso
Keyword(s):  
User Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Behavioral Diversity ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Using Data

Effective management of social-ecological systems (SESs) requires an understanding of human behavior. In many SESs, there are hundreds of agents or more interacting with governance and regulatory institutions, driving management outcomes through collective behavior. Agents in these systems often display consistent behavioral characteristics over time that can help reduce the dimensionality of SES data by enabling the assignment of types. Typologies of resource-user behavior both enrich our knowledge of user cultures and provide critical information for management. Here, we develop a data-driven framework to identify resource-user typologies in SESs with high-dimensional data. To demonstrate policy applications, we apply the framework to a tightly coupled SES, commercial fishing. We leverage large fisheries-dependent datasets that include mandatory vessel logbooks, observer datasets, and high-resolution geospatial vessel tracking technologies. We first quantify vessel and behavioral characteristics using data that encode fishers’ spatial decisions and behaviors. We then use clustering to classify these characteristics into discrete fishing behavioral types (FBTs), determining that 3 types emerge in our case study. Finally, we investigate how a series of disturbances applied selection pressure on these FBTs, causing the disproportionate loss of one group. Our framework not only provides an efficient and unbiased method for identifying FBTs in near real time, but it can also improve management outcomes by enabling ex ante investigation of the consequences of disturbances such as policy actions.

Data Visualization of Complex Eye Movements Using Directed Weighted Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saptarshi Mandal ◽  
Ziho Kang ◽  
Angel Millan
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Data Visualization ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Movement Analysis ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Quantitative Metrics ◽  
Time Frames

Visualization approaches for eye movement analysis suffers from two limitations: (1) inability to handle the stochasticity of both number and position of moving areas of interests (AOIs), and (2) absence of quantitative metrics to analyze eye movement data. We adapted the directed weighted network (DWN) and associated “centrality” metrics to support the visualization of the complex eye movement data. A case study was performed using a realistic air traffic control task environment. Promising results were found as we were able identify important targets (aircraft) interrogated by an air traffic controller based on different time frames. This case study serves as a foundation to develop effective data visualization methods and quantitative metrics for analyzing complex eye movements for a multi-element tracking task.

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