Scoring Algorithm Identifying Anomalous Behavior in Enterprise Network

Bridge health monitoring is increasingly relevant for the maintenance of existing structures or new structures with innovative concepts that require validation of design predictions. In the United States there are more than 600,000 highway bridges. Nearly half of them (46.4%) are rated as fair while about 1 out of 13 (7.6%) is rated in poor condition. As such, the United States is one of those countries in which bridge health monitoring systems are installed in order to complement conventional periodic nondestructive inspections. This paper reviews the challenges associated with bridge health monitoring related to the detection of specific bridge characteristics that may be indicators of anomalous behavior. The methods used to detect loss of stiffness, time-dependent and temperature-dependent deformations, fatigue, corrosion, and scour are discussed. Owing to the extent of the existing scientific literature, this review focuses on systems installed in U.S. bridges over the last 20 years. These are all major factors that contribute to long-term degradation of bridges. Issues related to wireless sensor drifts are discussed as well. The scope of the paper is to help newcomers, practitioners, and researchers at navigating the many methodologies that have been proposed and developed in order to identify damage using data collected from sensors installed in real structures.

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Electrochemical Biosensors for Cytokine Profiling: Recent Advancements and Possibilities in the Near Future

Biosensors ◽

10.3390/bios11030094 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 94

Author(s):

Nirmita Dutta ◽

Peter B. Lillehoj ◽

Pedro Estrela ◽

Gorachand Dutta

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Anomalous Behavior ◽

Quantitative Detection ◽

Electrochemical Biosensors ◽

Aberrant Expression ◽

Detection Techniques ◽

Short Period ◽

User Friendly ◽

Cytokine Profiling

Cytokines are soluble proteins secreted by immune cells that act as molecular messengers relaying instructions and mediating various functions performed by the cellular counterparts of the immune system, by means of a synchronized cascade of signaling pathways. Aberrant expression of cytokines can be indicative of anomalous behavior of the immunoregulatory system, as seen in various illnesses and conditions, such as cancer, autoimmunity, neurodegeneration and other physiological disorders. Cancer and autoimmune diseases are particularly adept at developing mechanisms to escape and modulate the immune system checkpoints, reflected by an altered cytokine profile. Cytokine profiling can provide valuable information for diagnosing such diseases and monitoring their progression, as well as assessing the efficacy of immunotherapeutic regiments. Toward this goal, there has been immense interest in the development of ultrasensitive quantitative detection techniques for cytokines, which involves technologies from various scientific disciplines, such as immunology, electrochemistry, photometry, nanotechnology and electronics. This review focusses on one aspect of this collective effort: electrochemical biosensors. Among the various types of biosensors available, electrochemical biosensors are one of the most reliable, user-friendly, easy to manufacture, cost-effective and versatile technologies that can yield results within a short period of time, making it extremely promising for routine clinical testing.

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Visualizing graph dynamics and similarity for enterprise network security and management

Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Visualization for Cyber Security - VizSec '10 ◽

10.1145/1850795.1850799 ◽

2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Qi Liao ◽

Aaron Striegel ◽

Nitesh Chawla

Keyword(s):

Network Security ◽

Enterprise Network ◽

Enterprise Network Security ◽

Graph Dynamics

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Transvection and Silencing of the Scr Homeotic Gene of Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/161.2.733 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 161 (2) ◽

pp. 733-746

Author(s):

Jeffrey W Southworth ◽

James A Kennison

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Chromosomal Aberrations ◽

Regulatory Element ◽

Regulatory Elements ◽

Anomalous Behavior ◽

Polycomb Group ◽

Homeotic Gene ◽

Polycomb Group Proteins ◽

Sex Combs Reduced ◽

In Cis

Abstract The Sex combs reduced (Scr) gene specifies the identities of the labial and first thoracic segments in Drosophila melanogaster. In imaginal cells, some Scr mutations allow cis-regulatory elements on one chromosome to stimulate expression of the promoter on the homolog, a phenomenon that was named transvection by Ed Lewis in 1954. Transvection at the Scr gene is blocked by rearrangements that disrupt pairing, but is zeste independent. Silencing of the Scr gene in the second and third thoracic segments, which requires the Polycomb group proteins, is disrupted by most chromosomal aberrations within the Scr gene. Some chromosomal aberrations completely derepress Scr even in the presence of normal levels of all Polycomb group proteins. On the basis of the pattern of chromosomal aberrations that disrupt Scr gene silencing, we propose a model in which two cis-regulatory elements interact to stabilize silencing of any promoter or cis-regulatory element physically between them. This model also explains the anomalous behavior of the Scx allele of the flanking homeotic gene, Antennapedia. This allele, which is associated with an insertion near the Antennapedia P1 promoter, inactivates the Antennapedia P1 and P2 promoters in cis and derepresses the Scr promoters both in cis and on the homologous chromosome.

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