Palm Kernel Shell as Potential Fuel for Syngas Production

2020 ◽  
pp. 263-273
Author(s):  
Hadiza A. Umar ◽  
S. A. Sulaiman ◽  
Mior Azman B. Meor Said ◽  
Rabi K. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Syngas Production

scholarly journals Empty fruit bunch (EFB) gasification in an entrained flow gasification system

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Wan Muhamad Syafiq Wan Ismail ◽  
Ruwaida Abdul Rasid
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Entrained Flow ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Entrained Flow Gasification

<p>Biomass has become one of the most commonly used renewable sources of energy in the last two decades. Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is one of the examples for the biomass that is used as a renewable energy source. From the palm oil processing industry, only 10% are the final products such as palm oil and palm kernel oil, while the remaining 90% are harvestable biomass waste in the form of EFB, palm kernel shell (PKS) and oil palm frond (OPF). This overload amount of biomass waste will cause an abundance of waste which will also affect the environment. To convert EFB into usable energy in ways that are more efficient, less polluting, and economical, gasification has merge as one of the most favorable technological innovations in synthesis gas (syngas) production. The main aim of this work is to study the EFB gasification in an entrained flow gasification process based on the different operating temperature (700<sup>°</sup>C to 900<sup>°</sup>C) and equivalence ratio, ER (0.2 – 0.4), evaluated based on the production of gases such as hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>). It was found that as the temperature was increased from 700<sup>°</sup>C to 900<sup>°</sup>C, the production of H<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> increased while CO was decreased. The optimum ER value of 0.30 was found to attain the highest Cold Gas Efficiency (CGE) value of 74.03% at 900°C.</p><p>Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 19(2017) 43-49</p>

Syngas Production from Steam Gasification of Palm Kernel Shell with Subsequent CO2 Capture Using CaO Sorbent: An Aspen Plus Modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 12350-12357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahbaz ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Abrar Inayat ◽  
Muhammad Ammar ◽  
David Onoja Patrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Steam Gasification ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Syngas Production

Syngas production from palm kernel shell and polyethylene waste blend in fluidized bed catalytic steam co-gasification process

Energy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Alipour Moghadam ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Yoshimitsu Uemura ◽  
Bridgid Lai Fui Chin ◽  
Hon Loong Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Gasification Process

A Review of Palm Oil Biomass as a Feedstock for Syngas Fuel Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Afzanizam Samiran ◽  
Mohammad Nazri Mohd Jaafar ◽  
Cheng Tung Chong ◽  
Ng Jo-Han
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Fuel Characteristic ◽  
Solid Biomass ◽  
Palm Frond

Fossil fuel as the world dominated energy source is depleting and posing environmental issue. Therefore, Synthesis gas (or syngas) which serve environmental clean fuel characteristic is expected to play a major role as one of the potential renewable energy in the future. Syngas, produced from solid feedstock (such as biomass, coal, refinery residual, organic waste and municipal waste) via gasification process can be used directly as fuel for power generation. Besides, syngas also acts as key intermediary to produce transport fuel depending on their quality. The chosen feedstock for syngas production determines the composition and heating value of the syngas produced and hence will be reviewed in general. This paper then review critically palms biomass as the potential source of feedstock for syngas production, as it is widely accessible in the context Malaysia. Palm biomass presents a solution that is sustainable and eco-friendly that is yet to be fully capitalized in the palm oil industry.  Some of the palm biomass including oil palm frond (OPF), empty fruit bunch (EFB) and palm kernel shell (PKS) are identified to contain high heating value which indicate their potential use as solid biomass feedstock for syngas production.

A COMPARISON STUDY OF WATER FILTERING MATERIALSMADE FROM EXTRACTED PALM FRUIT FIBREAND PALM KERNEL SHELL

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2657-2663
Author(s):  
Jamaliah Idris ◽  
Siti Fadira Osman ◽  
Eyu Gaius ◽  
Chukwuekezie Christian
Keyword(s):  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell

scholarly journals Facile Hydrothermal and Solvothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots from Palm Kernel Shell Precursor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1630
Author(s):  
Yakubu Newman Monday ◽  
Jaafar Abdullah ◽  
Nor Azah Yusof ◽  
Suraya Abdul Rashid ◽  
Rafidah Hanim Shueb
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Doped Carbon Dots ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon

Carbon dots (CDs), a nanomaterial synthesized from organic precursors rich in carbon content with excellent fluorescent property, are in high demand for many purposes, including sensing and biosensing applications. This research focused on preparing CDs from natural and abundant waste, palm kernel shells (PKS) obtained from palm oil biomass, aiming for sensing and biosensing applications. Ethylenediamine and L-phenylalanine doped CDs were produced via the hydrothermal and solvothermal methods using one-pot synthesis techniques in an autoclave batch reactor. The as-prepared N-CDs shows excellent photoluminescence (PL) property and a quantum yield (QY) of 13.7% for ethylenediamine (EDA) doped N-CDs (CDs-EDA) and 8.6% for L-phenylalanine (L-Ph) doped N-CDs (CDs-LPh) with an excitation/emission wavelength of 360 nm/450 nm. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show the N-CDs have an average particle size of 2 nm for both CDs. UV-Visible spectrophotometric results showed C=C and C=O transition. FTIR results show and confirm the presence of functional groups, such as -OH, -C=O, -NH2 on the N-CDs, and the X-ray diffraction pattern showed that the N-CDs were crystalline, depicted with sharp peaks. This research work demonstrated that palm kernel shell biomass often thrown away as waste can produce CDs with excellent physicochemical properties.

scholarly journals Simulation of Palm Kernel Shell Gasification for Small Scale Power Generation Using Aspen Plus Software

2021 ◽  
Vol 1051 (1) ◽  
pp. 012054
Author(s):  
N A Najwa Annuar ◽  
N Kamarulzaman ◽  
Z F M Shadzalli ◽  
I H I Abdullah ◽  
P Y Liew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell

Carbon Doped Iron Ore Using Palm Kernel Shell

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusila Zamani Abd Rashid ◽  
Hadi Purwanto ◽  
Hamzah Mohd Salleh ◽  
Mohd Hanafi Ani ◽  
Nurul Azhani Yunus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Iron Ores ◽  
Solid Carbon ◽  
Green Composite ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell

This paper pertains to the reduction process of local low grade iron ore using palm kernel shell (PKS). It is well known that low grade iron ores contain high amount of gangue minerals and combined water. Biomass waste (aka agro-residues) from the palm oil industry is an attractive alternative fuel to replace coal as the source of energy in mineral processing, including for the treatment and processing of low grade iron ores. Both iron ore and PKS were mixed with minute addition of distilled water and then fabricated with average spherical diameter of 10-12mm. The green composite pellets were subjected to reduction test using an electric tube furnace. The rate of reduction increased as temperature increases up to 900 °C. The Fe content in the original ore increased almost 12% when 40 mass% of PKS was used. The reduction of 60:40 mass ratios of iron ore to PKS composite pellet produced almost 11.97 mass% of solid carbon which was dispersed uniformly on the surface of iron oxide. The aim of this work is to study carbon deposition of PKS in iron ore through reduction process. Utilization of carbon deposited in low grade iron ore is an interesting method for iron making process as this solid carbon can act as energy source in the reduction process.

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