Meta-topolin Promotes Improved Micropropagation, Photosynthetic Performances, Biomass and Proline Levels of an India Ipecac (Tylophora indica Burm f.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 169-186
Author(s):  
Nigar Fatima ◽  
Naseem Ahmad ◽  
Mohammad Anis
Keyword(s):  
Tylophora Indica ◽  
Photosynthetic Performances

Assessing the Antimalarial Potentials of Phytochemicals: Virtual Screening, Molecular Dynamics and In-Vitro Investigations

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-300
Author(s):  
Saumya K. Patel ◽  
Mohd Athar ◽  
Prakash C. Jha ◽  
Vijay M. Khedkar ◽  
Yogesh Jasrai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Tylophora Indica ◽  
Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 ◽  
Receptor Complexes ◽  
Resistance Protein ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Stable Trajectory

Background: Combined in-silico and in-vitro approaches were adopted to investigate the antiplasmodial activity of Catharanthus roseus and Tylophora indica plant extracts as well as their isolated components (vinblastine, vincristine and tylophorine). </P><P> Methods: We employed molecular docking to prioritize phytochemicals from a library of 26 compounds against Plasmodium falciparum multidrug-resistance protein 1 (PfMDR1). Furthermore, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations were performed for a duration of 10 ns to estimate the dynamical structural integrity of ligand-receptor complexes. </P><P> Results: The retrieved bioactive compounds viz. tylophorine, vinblastin and vincristine were found to exhibit significant interacting behaviour; as validated by in-vitro studies on chloroquine sensitive (3D7) as well as chloroquine resistant (RKL9) strain. Moreover, they also displayed stable trajectory (RMSD, RMSF) and molecular properties with consistent interaction profile in molecular dynamics simulations. </P><P> Conclusion: We anticipate that the retrieved phytochemicals can serve as the potential hits and presented findings would be helpful for the designing of malarial therapeutics.

Optics from the Single Cell to the Mesoscale

Ocean Optics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Morél
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Photosynthetic Performances ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Optical Oceanography ◽  
Optical Behavior

The inherent optical properties of a water body (mesoscale), namely, the absorption coefficient, the scattering coefficient, and the volume scattering function combine with the radiant distribution above the sea to yield the apparent optical properties (Preisendorfer, 1961). The radiative transfer equation is the link between these two classes of optical properties. Locally, the inherent properties of seawater are governed by, and strictly result from, the sum of the contributions of the various components, namely, the water itself, the various particles in suspension able to scatter and absorb the radiant energy, and finally the dissolved absorbing compounds. Analyzing these contributions is an important goal of optical oceanography. Among these particles, the phytoplanktonic cells, with their photosynthetic pigments, are of prime importance, in particular in oceanic waters far from terrestrial influence. They also are at the origin of other kinds of particles, such as their own debris, as well as other living “particles” grazing on them (bacteria, flagellates and other heterotrophs). Studying optics at the level of single cells and particles is therefore a requirement for a better understanding of bulk optical properties of oceanic waters. Independently of this goal, the study of the individual cell optics per se is fundamental when analyzing the pathways of radiant energy, in particular the light harvesting capabilities and the photosynthetic performances of various algae or their fluorescence responses. The following presentation is a guidline for readers who will find detailed studies in the classic books Light Scattering by Small Particles by van de Hulst (1957) and Light and Photosynthesis in Aquatic Ecosystems by Kirk (1983), as well as in a paper dealing specifically with the optics of phytoplankton by Morel and Bricaud (1986). This chapter is organized according to the title, with first a summary of the relevant theories to be applied when studying the interaction of an electromagnetic field with a particle, and then, as a transition between this scale and that of in vitro experiments, some results concerning the optical behavior of pure algal suspensions; finally the more complicated situations encountered in natural environments are briefly described to introduce the “nonlinear biological” effect (Smith and Baker, 1978a) upon the optical coefficients for oceanic waters, and to examine some of the empirical relationships, as presently available, between the pigment concentration and the optical properties of the upper ocean at mesoscale and global scale.

Variation in Chlorophyll a and b in the Seagrass Halodule in Central Visayas, Philippines

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
BILLY THEODORUS WAGEY
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Marine Ecology ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Photosynthetic Performances ◽  
Plastic Responses ◽  
One Way Anova

Chlorophyll content of seagrass leaves varies among species and habitats byat least a factor of five, and shows plastic responses to seasonal variations in light availability as well as direct experimental manipulation. This study generally attempted to observe the relative amount of chlorophyll a, b content of Haloduleuninervis and Halodule pinifolia in Central Visayas, Philippines in relation tothese environmental factors which are: exposure, density, temperature, and lightintensity. Chlorophyll was determined using the equation of Jeffrey and Humprey(1975) whereas data gathered went through one way ANOVA followed byTukey’s Test. Significant variations were found in most photosynthetic parametersmeasured in this study. Overall, H. uninervis and H. pinifolia seems to obtainoptimal photosynthetic performances over a broad range of irradiances. Mainly,genus Halodule can be seen as a highlight species, which has also the ability to acclimate to low irradiances. in general, the result indicated that seagrasses tend to decrease the ratio of chlorophyll a:b by increasing the amount of chlorophyllb to compensate for the decline in light intensity in subtidal areas. Therefore, H.uninervis and H. pinifolia seem to have the ability of adjusting their chlorophyllcontent in performing optimal photosynthetic activity over a broad range of irradiance regimes.Keywords: Marine Ecology, chlorophyll content, seagrass, Halodule, experimental design,Philippines

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