Anatomy of the Hepatic Hilar Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
W. Y. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Hilar Region

Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia of Renal Vein: Report of 2 Cases

2005 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-519
Author(s):  
Mohammed Akhtar ◽  
Muhammed Aslam ◽  
Hadeel Al-Mana ◽  
Hana Bamefleh ◽  
Sultan S. Al-Khateeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Renal Vein ◽  
Renal Mass ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Renal Neoplasm ◽  
Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia ◽  
Process Thought ◽  
Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia ◽  
Hilar Region ◽  
Characteristic Features

Abstract Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia is a benign intravascular process thought to arise from an organizing thrombus. The lesion may present clinically as an abnormal mass and, depending on the location, may be confused with benign or malignant neoplasms. It has been described in a variety of locations. Involvement of the renal vein by papillary endothelial hyperplasia is extremely rare, with only 4 cases reported in the literature. We describe 2 additional cases. In both cases, the radiologic examination revealed a well-circumscribed mass in the hilar region of the kidney, which was considered to be a renal neoplasm. Nephrectomy specimen in each case revealed characteristic features of intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia. It is suggested that intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia should be included in the differential diagnosis of a hilar renal mass.

scholarly journals FINE STRUCTURE OF THE NEUROHYPOPHYSIS OF THE OPOSSUM (DIDELPHIS VIRGINIANA)

1964 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Roth ◽  
Sarah A. Luse
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Didelphis Virginiana ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
Neurosecretory Granules ◽  
Glandular Tissue ◽  
Herring Bodies ◽  
Distinctive Type ◽  
Hilar Region

The neurohypophysis of the opossum (Didelphis virginiana) was studied by electron microscopy in order to amplify Bodian's classic light microscopic observations in which he demonstrated a definite lobular pattern. The lobule of the opossum neurohypophysis is divided into three regions: a hilar, a palisade, and a septal zone. The hilar portion contains bundles of nerve fibers, the extensions of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract containing neurofilaments but few neurosecretory granules. In the opossum, pituicytes have a densely fibrillar cytoplasm. Herring bodies are prominent in the hilar region. They are large bodies packed with neurosecretory granules that have been described as end bulb formations of axons. From the hilar region, axons fan out into a palisade zone where the nerve terminals packed with neurosecretory granules, mitochondria, and microvesicles abut upon basement membranes. The neurosecretory granules are similar to those present in the neurohypophysis of other mammals, except for an occasional huge granule of distinctive type. Material morphologically and histochemically resembling glycogen occurs as scattered particles and as aggregates within nerve fibers. The septal zone, containing collagen, fibroblasts, and numerous small capillaries, is separated from the adjacent glandular tissue by a basement membrane.

scholarly journals 2092

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 56-56
Author(s):  
Shaun Evan Gruenbaum ◽  
Roni Dhaher ◽  
Amedeo Rapuano ◽  
Tore Eid
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Methionine Sulfoximine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Neuronal Viability ◽  
Spontaneous Seizures ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Hilar Region ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dentate Hilus

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: We previously developed a translationally relevant model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in which glutamine synthetase is irreversibility inhibited by methionine sulfoximine (MSO), resulting in spontaneous seizures and dentate hilar neuron loss. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of chronic BCAA ingestion on neuronal viability in the dentate hilus in the MSO model of TLE. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Sixteen rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: 8 rats drank a 4% aqueous solution of all 3 BCAAs (BCAA group) ad libitum for 31 days, and the other 8 rats drank regular water (control group) for the same period. After 10 days of drinking, a microinfusion cannula (Alzet osmotic pump, model 2004) was surgically implanted in the right dentate gyrus to continuously infuse MSO at a rate of 0.625 g/hour for 28 days. After 31 days of drinking, rats were perfused transcardially with 0.9% NaCl followed by 4% paraformaldehyde in phosphate buffer. The brains were removed and fixed, sectioned on a Vibratome at 50-μm thickness, and were mounted on a gelatin-coated slides and stained with NeuN. Neuron counts in the hilar region were performed ipsilateral and contralateral to the infusion site using a stereological technique. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Rats in the BCAA group had 37% fewer neurons in the ipsilateral dentate hilus than the control group (5.8×10−4±6.8×10−5 vs. 8.9×10−4±5.6×10−5 cells, respectively, p<0.01). Similarly, rats in the BCAA group had 39% fewer neurons in the contralateral dentate hilus than the control group (5.0×10−4±5.8×10−5 vs. 7.0×10−4±3.4×10−5 cells, respectively, p=0.01). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This study demonstrates that chronic ingestion of BCAAs aggravates hilar neuronal loss in a translationally relevant rodent model of MTLE. This study gives important insight into how BCAAs may affect neuronal viability. Although the role of BCAAs on seizure activity is poorly understood, these results suggest that BCAAs may play an important role in neurochemical modulation and neurotoxicity.

119 ASSESSMENT OF OVARIAN FOLLICULAR DYSPLASIA UTILIZING ULTRASOUND AND HISTOLOGIC EXAMINATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
J. A. Gard ◽  
J. Roberts ◽  
T. Braden ◽  
M. Mansour ◽  
J. Yelich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cows ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
Cull Cows ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Hilar Region ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cut Surface ◽  
Grade Iii

A slaughterhouse study commissioned by Florida Cattleman’s Association in 2007 identified ovarian follicular dysplasia (OFD) as a primary cause of infertility in Florida beef cows. Ovaries with OFD have progressive bilateral development of solid clustered follicles containing multiple Call-Exner bodies that originate in the rete ovarii and the hilar region, and progress into the cortex to eventually form bilateral Sertoli-type granulosa theca cell tumours (GTCT). The objectives of this study were to assess the distribution of OFD in cull animals and to evaluate utilisation of ultrasound for diagnosis of OFD in cattle. Ultrasound images of the right and left ovaries from 390 cull cows and heifers representing 4 Florida ranches were made with 5-MHz linear probes (Aloka, Ibex). Then, 10 to 12 females per ranch were followed to slaughter the proceeding day for collection of reproductive tracts. The fixed ovaries were measured, sectioned para-sagittally through the hilus, photographed, and arranged in histology cassettes for complete examination of the cut surface. Large ovarian structures including corpus luteum, Graafian follicles, atretic follicles, dysplastic follicles, rete ovarii, dysplastic follicles, and tumours were counted and measured for each ovary. Ovaries with OFD were graded I to IV. Grade I OFD contained small individual dysplastic follicles with diameter less than 200 µm mostly limited to the rete ovarii and medulla. Grade II OFD possessed dysplastic follicles greater than 200 µm diameter that were present in the medulla and cortex. Grade III OFD had extensive multi-sized dysplastic follicles scattered throughout the entire cortex of the ovary and Grade IV OFD had Sertoli-type GTCT. Grade II–IV often had dystrophic mineralization of dysplastic follicles. Gross morphology of fixed sagittal sections and ultrasound images were blindly compared against OFD grade in 40 individual ovaries. The OFD was identified at slaughter in 29/41 cows and in 1/5 of heifers. The distribution of OFD for 30 affected females was Gr I 16/30, Gr II 9/30, Gr III 4/30, and Gr IV 1/30. Characteristics that could be detected by routine ultrasound included increased size and length, increased hyperechogenicity and decreased number of fluid-filled follicles. Hyperechogenic shadows were evident in higher grade OFD. The study demonstrated that Grade III and IV OFD can be observed by routine ultrasound but Grade I and II may require higher resolution ultrasound probes, imaging analysis software, or Doppler ultrasound.

Fine structure of basidiospores of the cedar-apple rust fungus Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1057-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles W. Mims
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Spore Wall ◽  
Lipid Bodies ◽  
Pore Region ◽  
Hilar Region ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticula

Each basidiospore of Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae contains many ribosomes as well as lipid droplets, mitochondria, small vesicles, endoplasmic reticula, and structures thought to be microbodies. Mature spores are either uninucleate or binucleate although larger, tetranucleate spores were occasionally observed. The spore wall appears as a thin layer except around the hilar region where two layers are evident. Germination is almost always lateral although no germ pore region was noted in the wall. Vacuolation takes place during germination and lipid bodies disappear. The wall of the germ tube arising from the spore is continuous with that of the spore. A large number of vesicles is present in the germ tube. Basidiospores may also germinate by repetition.

Bile duct patterns in the hilar region of the liver in two cases of biliary atresia

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiichi Deguchi ◽  
Jun Yanagihara ◽  
Naomi Iwai
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Hilar Region

Inhibitory CA1-CA3-hilar region feedback in the hippocampus

Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 265 (5179) ◽  
pp. 1722-1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sik ◽  
A Ylinen ◽  
M Penttonen ◽  
G Buzsaki
Keyword(s):  
Hilar Region

scholarly journals Upregulation of Haptoglobin in Reactive Astrocytes after Transient Forebrain Ischemia in Rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1176-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mun-Yong Lee ◽  
Seong Yun Kim ◽  
Jeong-Sun Choi ◽  
Il-Ha Lee ◽  
Yun-Sik Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Reactive Astrocytes ◽  
Glioblastoma Cell ◽  
Double Immunofluorescence ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Hilar Region ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Glioblastoma Cell Lines

Immunohistochemistry for haptoglobin (Hp) in the postischemic hippocampus demonstrated an immunoreactivity visible one day after reperfusion and continuing to increase until 14 days after ischemia. The immunoreactivity was most prominent in CA1 and the dentate hilar region, especially in cells with astroglial morphology. Double immunofluorescence histochemistry confirmed colocalization of the Hp and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Furthermore, a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction study confirmed an elevated Hp mRNA level in the postischemic hippocampus. The Hp gene expression was also upregulated in C6 and A-172 glioblastoma cell lines after H2O2 treatment. These findings suggest that Hp is synthesized in reactive astrocytes in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury.

GABAergic input of cholecystokinin-immunoreactive neurons in the hilar region of the rat hippocampus

1987 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Leranth ◽  
M. Frotscher
Keyword(s):  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Hilar Region

scholarly journals Ischemia-Related Changes in Galanin Expression in the Dentate Hilar Region after Transient Forebrain Ischemia in Gerbils

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeon Yong LEE ◽  
In Koo HWANG ◽  
Dae Ho KIM ◽  
Jung Hwa KIM ◽  
Chang Ho KIM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forebrain Ischemia ◽  
Transient Forebrain Ischemia ◽  
Hilar Region
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