Triply Periodic Minimal Surface-Based Porous Scaffold Design and Analysis Subjected to Hard Tissue Reconstruction

2019 ◽  
pp. 955-966
Author(s):  
Verma Rati ◽  
Nishant Singh ◽  
Sanjay Rai ◽  
Shekhar Kumta
Keyword(s):  
Minimal Surface ◽  
Porous Scaffold ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Scaffold Design ◽  
Periodic Minimal Surface ◽  
Triply Periodic ◽  
Triply Periodic Minimal Surface ◽  
Tissue Reconstruction

scholarly journals Tetrahedron-Based Porous Scaffold Design for 3D Printing

Designs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Guo ◽  
Ke Liu ◽  
Zeyun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Minimal Surface ◽  
Porous Scaffold ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Implicit Surfaces ◽  
Implicit Surface ◽  
Periodic Minimal Surface ◽  
Triply Periodic ◽  
Hexahedral Meshes ◽  
Triply Periodic Minimal Surface

Tissue repairing has been the ultimate goal of surgery, especially with the emergence of reconstructive medicine. A large amount of research devoted to exploring innovative porous scaffold designs, including homogeneous and inhomogeneous ones, have been presented in the literature. The triply periodic minimal surface has been a versatile source of biomorphic structure design due to its smooth surface and high interconnectivity. Nonetheless, many 3D models are often rendered in the form of triangular meshes for its efficiency and convenience. The requirement of regular hexahedral meshes then becomes one of limitations of the triply periodic minimal surface method. In this paper, we make a successful attempt to generate microscopic pore structures using tetrahedral implicit surfaces. To replace the conventional Cartesian coordinates, a new coordinates system is built based on the perpendicular distances between a point and the tetrahedral faces to capture the periodicity of a tetrahedral implicit surface. Similarly to the triply periodic minimal surface, a variety of tetrahedral implicit surfaces, including P-, D-, and G-surfaces are defined by combinations of trigonometric functions. We further compare triply periodic minimal surfaces with tetrahedral implicit surfaces in terms of shape, porosity, and mean curvature to discuss the similarities and differences of the two surfaces. An example of femur scaffold construction is provided to demonstrate the detailed process of modeling porous architectures using the tetrahedral implicit surface.

scholarly journals Porous Scaffold Design Based on Minimal Surfaces: Development and Assessment of Variable Architectures

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Ambu ◽  
Anna Morabito
Keyword(s):  
Minimal Surface ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Porous Scaffold ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Periodic Minimal Surface ◽  
Triply Periodic ◽  
Triply Periodic Minimal Surface ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
And Function

In tissue engineering, biocompatible porous scaffolds that try to mimic the features and function of the bone are of great relevance. In this paper, an effective method for the design of 3D porous scaffolds is applied to the modelling of structures with variable architectures. These structures are of interest since they are more similar to the stochastic configuration of real bone with respect to architectures made of a unit cell replicated in three orthogonal directions, which are usually considered for this kind of applications. This property configures them as, potentially, more suitable to satisfy simultaneously the biological requirements and those relative to the mechanical strength. The procedure implemented is based on the implicit surface modelling method and the use of a triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS), specifically, the Schwarz’s Primitive (P) minimal surface, whose geometry was considered for the development of scaffolds with different configurations. The representative structures modelled were numerically analysed by means of finite element analysis (FEA), considering them made of a biocompatible titanium alloy. The architectures considered were thus assessed in terms of the relationship between the geometrical configuration and the mechanical response to compression loading.

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