The patterns of some chemical changes and litter mass-loss rates were investigated for a variety of types of decomposing litter in pine forests under different climatic conditions and at sites with different nutrient status. A mixed deciduous forest was also compared. In initially chemically identical Scots pine needle litter incubated under different climatic conditions, the lignin concentration increased faster as a function of accumulated mass loss when the climatic conditions promoted a higher initial mass-loss rate. Also under artificially created conditions, e.g., after fertilization and irrigation, the same phenomenon occurred. Litter mass-loss rates decreased during decomposition as lignin concentrations increased. The relative decrease was significantly larger at sites with a climate that promoted an initially higher mass-loss rate. At the same lignin concentration, however, the mass-loss rate was significantly lower in drier and colder conditions, viz. climatic conditions that promote a lower initial mass-loss rate. Nevertheless, at very high lignin concentrations that lignin clearly dominated over climate as a rate-regulating factor. A possible consequence of this observation could be a higher rate of organic matter accumulation at sites that initially promote a high initial mass-loss rate for litter than at sites with conditions that give lower initial rates, at least for a given species of litter. Key words: litter, decomposition, lignin, chemical changes, climatic transect, effect of climate change.
Tree Diversity, Initial Litter Quality, and Site Conditions Drive Early-Stage Fine-Root Decomposition in European Forests
