Seed dormancy in Acer: The role of abscisic acid in the regulation of seed development in Acer platanoides L.

AbstractPhysiological dormancy has been described as a physiological inhibiting mechanism that prevents radicle emergence. It can be caused by the embryo (embryo dormancy) as well as by the structures that cover the embryo. One of its functions is to time plant growth and reproduction to the most optimal season and therefore, in nature, dormancy is an important adaptive trait that is under selective pressure. Dormancy is a complex trait that is affected by many loci, as well as by an intricate web of plant hormone interactions. Moreover, it is strongly affected by a multitude of environmental factors. Its induction, maintenance, cycling and loss come down to the central paradigm, which is the balance between two key hormonal regulators, i.e. the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA), which is required for dormancy induction, and gibberellins (GA), which are required for germination. In this review we will summarize recent developments in dormancy research (mainly) in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, focusing on two key players for dormancy induction, i.e. the plant hormone ABA and the DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 (DOG1) gene. We will address the role of ABA and DOG1 in relation to various aspects of seed dormancy, i.e. induction during seed maturation, loss during dry seed afterripening, the rehydrated state (including dormancy cycling) and the switch to germination.

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On the role of abscisic acid in seed dormancy of red rice

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/erm198 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 58 (12) ◽

pp. 3449-3462 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

A. Gianinetti ◽

P. Vernieri

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Seed Dormancy ◽

Red Rice

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A critical update on seed dormancy. I. Primary dormancy

Seed Science Research ◽

10.1017/s0960258500002634 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 61-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 155

Author(s):

Henk W. M. Hilhorst

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Abscisic Acid ◽

Seed Dormancy ◽

Decisive Role ◽

Morphological Development ◽

Primary Dormancy ◽

Whole Seed ◽

Aba Content ◽

Cell Wall Properties

AbstractThe emphasis of modern dormancy research is almost entirely on the form of dormancy that is acquired during seed development, primary dormancy. Abscisic acid (ABA) appears to be intimately involved in its regulation. The action of abscisic acid has also been implied in many other developmental processes. The coincidence of developmental events, such as dehydration and completion of maturation, with the acquisition of primary dormancy suggests that dormancy is influenced by these processes. Germinability, both during development and after maturation, is sometimes directly correlated with ABA content. The lack of such a correlation may be explained by assuming a decisive role for the responsiveness to ABA or other overriding factors. ABA has been detected in all seed components. The different seed tissues may all contribute, to various extents, to the degree of whole seed dormancy. It is concluded that ABA action in dormancy regulation is not restricted to the embryo but is also located in endospermic tissue. In addition, a role of ABA in the morphological development of germination modifying seed tissues is proposed. The mechanism for ABA action appears to be associated with cell wall properties.

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Dynamic distribution and the role of abscisic acid during seed development of a lady’s slipper orchid,Cypripedium formosanum

Annals of Botany ◽

10.1093/aob/mcv079 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 116 (3) ◽

pp. 403-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Yung-I Lee ◽

Mei-Chu Chung ◽

Edward C. Yeung ◽

Nean Lee

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Seed Development ◽

Dynamic Distribution ◽

Slipper Orchid

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Maturation temperature and rainfall influence seed dormancy characteristics of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum)

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar04083 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 55 (10) ◽

pp. 1047 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Kathryn J. Steadman ◽

Amanda J. Ellery ◽

Ross Chapman ◽

Andrew Moore ◽

Neil C. Turner

Keyword(s):

Seed Development ◽

Seed Dormancy ◽

Geographic Origin ◽

Cool Temperature ◽

Annual Ryegrass ◽

Lolium Rigidum ◽

Moisture Conditions ◽

Western Australian

The role of temperature and rainfall during seed development in modulating subsequent seed dormancy status was studied for Lolium rigidum Gaud. (annual ryegrass). Climatic parameters relating to geographic origin were compared with annual ryegrass seed dormancy characteristics for seeds collected from 12 sites across the southern Western Australian cropping region. Seed germination was tested soon after collection and periodically during subsequent after-ripening. Temperature in the year of seed development and long-term rainfall patterns showed correlations with aspects of seed dormancy, particularly the proportion of seeds remaining dormant following 5 months of after-ripening. Consequently, for one population the temperature (warm/cool) and water supply (adequate/reduced) during seed development were manipulated to investigate the role of maternal environment in the quantity and dormancy characteristics of seeds produced. Seeds from plants grown at warm temperatures were fewer in number, weighed less, and were less dormant than those from plants grown at cool temperature. Seeds that developed under both cool temperature and reduced moisture conditions lost dormancy faster than seeds from well-watered plants. Seed maturation environment, particularly temperature, can have a significant effect on annual ryegrass seed numbers and seed dormancy characteristics.

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Effect of exogenous abscisic acid on accumulation of raffinose family oligosaccharides and galactosyl cyclitols in tiny vetch seeds (Vicia hirsuta [L.] S.F. Gray)

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae ◽

10.5586/asbp.2004.035 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 73 (4) ◽

pp. 277-283 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lesław B. Lahuta ◽

Ryszard J. Górecki ◽

Ewa Gojło ◽

Marcin Horbowicz

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Seed Development ◽

Acid Concentration ◽

Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides ◽

High Concentration ◽

Low Concentration ◽

Vicia Hirsuta ◽

Galactosyl Cyclitols

The role of the abscisic acid (ABA) in biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) and galactosyl cyclitols (Gal-C) in tiny vetch (Vicia hirsuta [L.] S.F. Gray) seeds was investigated. The ABA was applied through incubation of seed at various stage of its development. The level of RFOs and Gal-C was determined in seed maturing on plant and in seed maturing in vitro. In early stages of V. hirsuta seed development, the ABA activated the biosynthesis of galactinol, although the level of arisen galactinol quickly declined. In the later stages of V. hirsuta seed development ABA had stimulatory effect of RFOs and Gal-C biosynthesis. Influence of ABA on biosynthesis of a-galactosides in Vicia hirsuta seed seems to be dependent on abscisic acid concentration. Low concentration of ABA had stimulatory effect on a-galactosides biosynthesis, but high concentration of ABA inhibited the process.

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Abscisic acid and the control of seed dormancy and germination

Seed Science Research ◽

10.1017/s0960258510000012 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 55-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 220

Author(s):

Eiji Nambara ◽

Masanori Okamoto ◽

Kiyoshi Tatematsu ◽

Ryoichi Yano ◽

Mitsunori Seo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

High Temperature ◽

Seed Dormancy ◽

Plant Hormone ◽

The Core ◽

Aba Metabolism ◽

External Cues ◽

Aba Content ◽

Seed Dormancy And Germination

AbstractAbscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone that regulates seed dormancy and germination. Seeds undergo changes in both ABA content and sensitivity during seed development and germination in response to internal and external cues. Recent advances in functional genomics have revealed the integral components involved in ABA metabolism (biosynthesis and catabolism) and perception, the core signalling pathway, as well as the factors that trigger ABA-mediated transcription. These allow for comparative studies to be conducted on seeds under different environmental conditions and from different genetic backgrounds. This review summarizes our understanding of the control of ABA content and the responsiveness of seeds to afterripening, light, high temperature and nitrate, with a focus on which tissues are involved in its metabolism and signalling. Also described are the regulators of ABA metabolism and signalling, which potentially act as the node for hormone crosstalk. Integration of such knowledge into the complex and diverse events occurring during seed germination will be the next challenge, which will allow for a clearer understanding of the role of ABA.

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