scholarly journals On the role of abscisic acid in seed dormancy of red rice

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 3449-3462 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gianinetti ◽  
P. Vernieri
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Red Rice

Regulation of seed dormancy by abscisic acid and DELAY OF GERMINATION 1

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bas J.W. Dekkers ◽  
Leónie Bentsink
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Hormone Interactions ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Radicle Emergence ◽  
Dormancy Induction

AbstractPhysiological dormancy has been described as a physiological inhibiting mechanism that prevents radicle emergence. It can be caused by the embryo (embryo dormancy) as well as by the structures that cover the embryo. One of its functions is to time plant growth and reproduction to the most optimal season and therefore, in nature, dormancy is an important adaptive trait that is under selective pressure. Dormancy is a complex trait that is affected by many loci, as well as by an intricate web of plant hormone interactions. Moreover, it is strongly affected by a multitude of environmental factors. Its induction, maintenance, cycling and loss come down to the central paradigm, which is the balance between two key hormonal regulators, i.e. the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA), which is required for dormancy induction, and gibberellins (GA), which are required for germination. In this review we will summarize recent developments in dormancy research (mainly) in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, focusing on two key players for dormancy induction, i.e. the plant hormone ABA and the DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 (DOG1) gene. We will address the role of ABA and DOG1 in relation to various aspects of seed dormancy, i.e. induction during seed maturation, loss during dry seed afterripening, the rehydrated state (including dormancy cycling) and the switch to germination.

A critical update on seed dormancy. I. Primary dormancy

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk W. M. Hilhorst
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Primary Dormancy ◽  
Whole Seed ◽  
Aba Content ◽  
Cell Wall Properties

AbstractThe emphasis of modern dormancy research is almost entirely on the form of dormancy that is acquired during seed development, primary dormancy. Abscisic acid (ABA) appears to be intimately involved in its regulation. The action of abscisic acid has also been implied in many other developmental processes. The coincidence of developmental events, such as dehydration and completion of maturation, with the acquisition of primary dormancy suggests that dormancy is influenced by these processes. Germinability, both during development and after maturation, is sometimes directly correlated with ABA content. The lack of such a correlation may be explained by assuming a decisive role for the responsiveness to ABA or other overriding factors. ABA has been detected in all seed components. The different seed tissues may all contribute, to various extents, to the degree of whole seed dormancy. It is concluded that ABA action in dormancy regulation is not restricted to the embryo but is also located in endospermic tissue. In addition, a role of ABA in the morphological development of germination modifying seed tissues is proposed. The mechanism for ABA action appears to be associated with cell wall properties.

scholarly journals Association Between Seed Dormancy and Pericarp Color Is Controlled by a Pleiotropic Gene That Regulates Abscisic Acid and Flavonoid Synthesis in Weedy Red Rice

Genetics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 189 (4) ◽  
pp. 1515-1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing-You Gu ◽  
Michael E. Foley ◽  
David P. Horvath ◽  
James V. Anderson ◽  
Jiuhuan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Flavonoid Synthesis ◽  
Pleiotropic Gene ◽  
Pericarp Color ◽  
Weedy Red Rice

Anomalous germination of dormant dehulled red rice seeds provides a new perspective to study the transition from dormancy to germination and to unravel the role of the caryopsis coat in seed dormancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Gianinetti
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Gompertz Distribution ◽  
Initial Rupture ◽  
Important Trait ◽  
New Perspective

AbstractSeed dormancy is the temporary inability of an imbibed seed to germinate under otherwise favourable conditions. It is an important trait for seed persistence in many higher plants. Dormant dehulled red rice caryopses can have a strong dormancy: the studied population shows an almost complete dormancy; that is, these caryopses do not germinate (usually germination is <1–2%) when incubated in water for the time usually adopted for germination tests (i.e. 2 weeks). However, after several months of incubation in water, dormant red rice caryopses start germinating in an anomalous manner. Most notably, the piercing of the caryopsis coat is very slow, sometimes arrested, until the coat completely breaks down and embryo growth is resumed. There is, therefore, a time lag between the initial rupture of the caryopsis coat and the start of seedling growth. It is argued that embryo growth can be triggered by the failure of the caryopsis coat even if seed dormancy has not been previously relieved, and thus germination is started and dormancy is forcefully interrupted. Accordingly, the time course of the anomalous germination shows a Gompertz distribution of times to failure. It is concluded that: (1) if the seed rests with the coat ruptured without further growth, it is still dormant; if so, therefore, (2) the breaking of the coat is not necessarily a marker of germination in this context.

Abscisic acid and the control of seed dormancy and germination

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Nambara ◽  
Masanori Okamoto ◽  
Kiyoshi Tatematsu ◽  
Ryoichi Yano ◽  
Mitsunori Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
The Core ◽  
Aba Metabolism ◽  
External Cues ◽  
Aba Content ◽  
Seed Dormancy And Germination

AbstractAbscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone that regulates seed dormancy and germination. Seeds undergo changes in both ABA content and sensitivity during seed development and germination in response to internal and external cues. Recent advances in functional genomics have revealed the integral components involved in ABA metabolism (biosynthesis and catabolism) and perception, the core signalling pathway, as well as the factors that trigger ABA-mediated transcription. These allow for comparative studies to be conducted on seeds under different environmental conditions and from different genetic backgrounds. This review summarizes our understanding of the control of ABA content and the responsiveness of seeds to afterripening, light, high temperature and nitrate, with a focus on which tissues are involved in its metabolism and signalling. Also described are the regulators of ABA metabolism and signalling, which potentially act as the node for hormone crosstalk. Integration of such knowledge into the complex and diverse events occurring during seed germination will be the next challenge, which will allow for a clearer understanding of the role of ABA.

scholarly journals Role of Abscisic Acid in Seed Dormancy

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison R. Kermode
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy

scholarly journals Transcriptome Reveals Roles of Lignin-Modifying Enzymes and Abscisic Acid in the Symbiosis of Mycena and Gastrodia elata

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6557
Author(s):  
Li-Ying Ren ◽  
Heng Zhao ◽  
Xiao-Ling Liu ◽  
Tong-Kai Zong ◽  
Min Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Gastrodia Elata ◽  
Upregulated Genes ◽  
Aba Biosynthesis ◽  
Seed Coats

Gastrodia elata is a well-known medicinal and heterotrophic orchid. Its germination, limited by the impermeability of seed coat lignin and inhibition by abscisic acid (ABA), is triggered by symbiosis with fungi such as Mycena spp. However, the molecular mechanisms of lignin degradation by Mycena and ABA biosynthesis and signaling in G. elata remain unclear. In order to gain insights into these two processes, this study analyzed the transcriptomes of these organisms during their dynamic symbiosis. Among the 25 lignin-modifying enzyme genes in Mycena, two ligninolytic class II peroxidases and two laccases were significantly upregulated, most likely enabling Mycena hyphae to break through the lignin seed coats of G. elata. Genes related to reduced virulence and loss of pathogenicity in Mycena accounted for more than half of annotated genes, presumably contributing to symbiosis. After coculture, upregulated genes outnumbered downregulated genes in G. elata seeds, suggesting slightly increased biological activity, while Mycena hyphae had fewer upregulated than downregulated genes, indicating decreased biological activity. ABA biosynthesis in G. elata was reduced by the downregulated expression of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED-2), and ABA signaling was blocked by the downregulated expression of a receptor protein (PYL12-like). This is the first report to describe the role of NCED-2 and PYL12-like in breaking G. elata seed dormancy by reducing the synthesis and blocking the signaling of the germination inhibitor ABA. This study provides a theoretical basis for screening germination fungi to identify effective symbionts and for reducing ABA inhibition of G. elata seed germination.

Inhibition of cambial activity in Abies balsamea by internal water stress: role of abscisic acid

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (24) ◽  
pp. 3041-3050 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. A. Little
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Internal Water ◽  
Endogenous Aba

In experiments with attached and detached shoots of balsam fir, Abies balsamea L., synthetic (±)abscisic acid (ABA) (1) reduced photosynthesis and transpiration by inducing stomatal closure, (2) inhibited indoleacetic acid (IAA) - induced cambial activity in photosynthesizing and non-photosynthesizing shoots, and (3) inhibited the basipetal movement of [14C]IAA. Neither gibberellic acid nor kinetin counteracted the inhibitory effect of (±)ABA on IAA-induced cambial activity. In addition it was demonstrated that increasing the internal water stress increased the level of endogenous ABA in the phloem–cambial region of bark peelings and decreased the basipetal movement of [14C]IAA through branch sections. On the basis of these findings it is proposed that internal water stress inhibits cambial activity, partly through increasing the level of ABA; the ABA acts to decrease the provision of carbohydrates and auxin that are required for cambial growth.

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