Pollen and pollination experiments. II. The influence of the first pollination on the effectiveness of the second one in apple

Euphytica ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Visser ◽  
J. J. Verhaegh
Keyword(s):  
Pollination Experiments

The Breeding Systems of Stylidium graminifolium and Stylidium productum (Stylidiaceae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Willis ◽  
JE Ash
Keyword(s):  
Breeding System ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
The South ◽  
Pollination Experiments ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
South West ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Incompatibility System ◽  
Close Relationship

The breeding systems of Stylidiurn grarninifolium and S. producturn (= S. grarninifoliurn var. caulescens) were studied by observing the phenology of individual flowers and inflorescences, and relating the data to a series of pollination experiments within and between the species. Inter-specific pollinations yielded similar levels of seed-set to crosses within the species indicating a close relationship between the taxa. Self-pollination of either species is uncommon; however, when it occurs, the majority of selfed ovules are aborted post-zygotically, probably by a system of recessive lethals, as there is no indication of an incompatibility system. It is concluded that the breeding systems of S. grarninifoliurn and S. productum, two of the few eastern Australian species, are similar to those of many Stylidiurn species from the south-west, casting doubt upon hypotheses that the breeding system has led to high rates of speciation in the south-west.

The pollination ecology of durian (Durio zibethinus, Bombacaceae) in southern Thailand

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Bumrungsri ◽  
Ekapong Sripaoraya ◽  
Thanongsak Chongsiri ◽  
Kitichate Sridith ◽  
Paul A. Racey
Keyword(s):  
Floral Biology ◽  
Pollination Ecology ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Pollination Experiments ◽  
Pollination Success ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Fruit Orchards ◽  
Frequent Visitor

Abstract:The floral biology and pollination ecology of durian, Durio zibethinus, were determined in eight semi-wild trees in mixed-fruit orchards in southern Thailand during April-May 2003 and 2005. Flowers open fully at 16h00–16h30 and most androecia drop around 01h00. Anthers dehisce at 19h30–20h00 when the stigmata are already receptive. In a series of pollination experiments, fruit was set in all treatments within 10 d. The greatest pollination success occurred after hand-crossed (76.6%), open (54.4%) and emasculation pollination (53.3%). Consistently, hand-crossed (12.2%), emasculation (8.7%) and open pollination (5.1%) yielded a substantial fruit set 2 mo after the pollination experiments. Very low pollination success in facilitated autogamy suggests that most durian trees are highly self incompatible. No mature fruit was found after insect pollination and automatic autogamy. Fruit bats, especially Eonycteris spelaea, are the major pollinators of this durian although the giant honey bee (Apis dorsata) was the most frequent visitor to the flowers. Bats visited durian flowers at the rate of 26.1 (SD = 20.7) visits per inflorescence per night. Since this semi-wild durian depends on fruit bats as its pollinator, protecting fruit bat populations and their roosts is vital for the production of the durian fruit crop.

RESULTS OF FIVE YEARS OF POLLINATION EXPERIMENTS ON SWEET CHERRIES.

1984 ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Keulemans
Keyword(s):  
Pollination Experiments ◽  
Sweet Cherries

The mating system of Acrotriche serrulata (Ericaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Schneemilch ◽  
Emma Steggles
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Stigma Receptivity ◽  
Pollination Experiments ◽  
Controlled Pollination ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination

Controlled pollination experiments were conducted on Acrotriche serrulata R.Br. (Ericaceae) to determine the mating system for this species. Pollen viability and stigma receptivity were investigated to ensure effective timing and sourcing of material for maximum fertilisation. Stigmas were found to be receptive in mature buds, with receptivity maintained while nectar remained within the corolla tube. Germination testing showed that pollen from within mature buds was viable. The mating system of A. serrulata was found to be predominantly outcrossing, with 49.8% of cross-pollinated flowers developing to fruit, compared with 8.7% of self-pollinated flowers. Seed viability did not differ significantly between fruits produced by cross-pollination and those produced by self-pollination, although this may be attributable to low sample sizes available for self-pollinated fruits. These results in combination with morphological features of the flower suggest that a pollinator is required for this species.

The effect of pollination intensity and incompatible pollen on seed set in Turnera ulmifolia (Turneraceae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1298-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel S. Shore ◽  
Spencer C. H. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
The Self ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Pollination Experiments ◽  
Controlled Pollination ◽  
Incompatible Pollen ◽  
Turnera Ulmifolia ◽  
Compatible Pollen

Controlled pollination experiments were performed on the self-incompatible distylous herb Turnera ulmifolia L. to investigate the effects of pollination intensity and large amounts of incompatible pollen on seed set. In the first experiment, known numbers of compatible pollen grains ranging from 1 to 100 were applied to stigmas of the floral morphs. In both morphs, increasing amounts of pollen generally resulted in increased levels of seed set, although considerable variance was observed at all pollination intensities. Approximately two to seven pollen grains are required to produce a single seed and more than 95 grains are required to achieve maximum seed set in T. ulmifolia. Regression analysis of the seed set data failed to detect a difference in the response of the floral morphs to pollination intensity. In the second experiment, known proportions of compatible and incompatible pollen were applied to stigmas at various time intervals. Most treatments involving mixtures of compatible and incompatible pollen had no significant effect on seed set when compared with the controls. Clogging was only observed in the long-styled morph when one anther of compatible pollen was applied to stigmas 1.5 and 3.0 h after pollination with five anthers of incompatible pollen. The clogging of stigmas by incompatible pollen seems unlikely to have played a major role in the evolution and maintenance of distyly in Turnera ulmifolia.

scholarly journals Passerine birds supporting cross pollination in Erythrina stricta Roxb.

Dendrobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Vinod Prasad Khanduri ◽  
Kewat Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Chandra Mohan Sharma ◽  
Manoj Kumar Riyal ◽  
Kalpataru Kar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Pollination Experiments ◽  
Controlled Pollination ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Nectar Feeding ◽  
Flowering Season ◽  
Pycnonotus Cafer ◽  
Nectar Robbers

Erythina stricta is an ecologically important tree species in the rainforests of India and its nectar within the flowers contributes to birds’ diet and survival. Reports on the pollination of this species have not been published so far. We therefore explore the reproductive system of this tree species which has great significance to its ecosystem. Birds have an important role in the reproduction of trees through pollination particularly in tropical areas where reproductive success mostly depends on animal pollinator interactions. Study of visitation and nectar feeding behaviour of birds along with breeding system assessment of Erythina stricta. Birds visiting and foraging behaviour was observed during Erythrina stricta flowering season in an indian tropical rainforest. Reproductive system was assessed through controlled pollination experiments. Thirteen bird species were recorded visiting and foraging nectar from the flowers of Erythrina stricta. The maximum numbers of visits recorded were from the Red-vented Bulbul (Pycnonotus cafer, Pycnonotidae). The nectar feeding birds were, either (i) potential pollinator with long bills (e.g. Pycnonotus spp., Chloropsis aurifrons, and Dicrurus spp.) or (ii) nectar robbers with comparatively shorter bills (e.g. Zosterops palpebrosa, Stachyris ruficeps, Macronous gularis, Heterophasia glaciris). Controlled pollination experiments revealed high degree of cross pollination (xenogamy) and self-incompatibility in E. stricta. Birds were more frequent in early mornings and their foraging activity was also observed during evening hours; the frequency however, declined with respect to nectar availability. Long corolla tubes of E. stricta could restrict access to nectar collecting bees.

Pollen and pollination experiments. X. The effect of repeated pollination on fruit-and seed set in crosses between the hybrid tea-rose CVS. Sonia and ilona

Euphytica ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Devries ◽  
Lidwien A. M. Dubois
Keyword(s):  
Seed Set ◽  
Pollination Experiments ◽  
Fruit And Seed Set

Pollen and pollination experiments. I. the contribution of stray pollen to the seed set of depetalled, hand-pollinated flowers of apple

Euphytica ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Visser ◽  
J. J. Verhaegh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Set ◽  
Pollination Experiments

The importance of being the first pollen in the strobili of Scots pine

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 2976-2980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saila Varis ◽  
Arja Santanen ◽  
Anne Pakkanen ◽  
Pertti Pulkkinen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Pollination Experiments ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Pine Pollen

Timing of pollen arrival may affect the level of seeds fertilized by pollen from outside seed orchards, especially in seed orchards of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) established in southern Finland with stock from northern populations. We performed sequential pollination experiments with Scots pine pollen collected from seed orchard clones originating from southern and northern Finland and recipient strobili in clones originating from southern Finland. When southern pollen was introduced first, seeds were sired equally by northern and southern genotypes. When northern pollen was introduced first, northern genotypes were found in 75% of the resulting seeds. When both pollen types were introduced at the same time, the resulting seed crop was split almost equally between northern and southern genotypes. These results do not unconditionally support the idea that the first pollen grain in the pollen chamber always fertilizes the ovum; instead, they suggest a more complex way of competition between pollen grains.

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