On the solution of the stationary, baroclinic Ekman-layer equations with a finite boundary-layer height

1983 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. M. Nieuwstadt
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Ekman Layer ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Finite Boundary

scholarly journals Technical note: Boundary layer height determination from Lidar for improving air pollution episode modelling: development of new algorithm and evaluation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Yang ◽  
Zifa Wang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Alex Gbaguidi ◽  
Nubuo Sugimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Retrieval Algorithms ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Predicting air pollution events in low atmosphere over megacities requires thorough understanding of the tropospheric dynamic and chemical processes, involving notably, continuous and accurate determination of the boundary layer height (BLH). Through intensive observations experimented over Beijing (China), and an exhaustive evaluation existing algorithms applied to the BLH determination, persistent critical limitations are noticed, in particular over polluted episodes. Basically, under weak thermal convection with high aerosol loading, none of the retrieval algorithms is able to fully capture the diurnal cycle of the BLH due to pollutant insufficient vertical mixing in the boundary layer associated with the impact of gravity waves on the tropospheric structure. Subsequently, a new approach based on gravity wave theory (the cubic root gradient method: CRGM), is developed to overcome such weakness and accurately reproduce the fluctuations of the BLH under various atmospheric pollution conditions. Comprehensive evaluation of CRGM highlights its high performance in determining BLH from Lidar. In comparison with the existing retrieval algorithms, the CRGM potentially reduces related computational uncertainties and errors from BLH determination (strong increase of correlation coefficient from 0.44 to 0.91 and significant decrease of the root mean square error from 643 m to 142 m). Such newly developed technique is undoubtedly expected to contribute to improve the accuracy of air quality modelling and forecasting systems.

On stable boundary-layer height estimation using backscatter lidar data and variance processing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Paulo Araujo da Silva ◽  
Constantino Muñoz-Porcar ◽  
Umar Saeed ◽  
Francesc Rey ◽  
Maria Teresa Pay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Stable Boundary Layer ◽  
Adaptive Estimation ◽  
Microwave Radiometer ◽  
Minimum Variance ◽  
Initial Guess ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Stable Boundary ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Temporal Variance

<p>This study describes a method to estimate the nocturnal stable boundary layer height (SBLH) by means of lidar observations. The method permits two approaches which yield independent retrievals through either spatial or temporal variance vertical profiles of the attenuated backscatter. Then, the minimum variance region (MVR) on this profile is identified. Eventually, when multiple MVRs are detected, a temperature-based SBLH estimation derived from radiosonde, launched within the searching time, is used to disambiguate the initial guess. In order to test the method, two study cases employing lidar-ceilometer (Jenoptik CHM 15k Nimbus) measurements are investigated. Temperature-based estimates from a collocated microwave radiometer permitted validation, using either temporal or spatial backscatter variances. The dataset was collected during the HD(CP)2 Observational Prototype Experiment (HOPE) [1].   </p><p>[1] U. Saeed, F. Rocadenbosch, and S. Crewell, “Adaptive Estimation of the Stable Boundary Layer Height Using Combined Lidar and Microwave Radiometer Observations,” IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 54(12), 6895–6906 (2016), DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2016.2586298.</p><p>[2] U. Löhnert, J. H. Schween, C. Acquistapace, K. Ebell, M. Maahn, M. Barrera-Verdejo, A. Hirsikko, B. Bohn, A. Knaps, E. O’Connor, C. Simmer, A. Wahner, and S. Crewell, “JOYCE: Jülich Observatory for Cloud Evolution,” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96(7), 1157-1174 (2015). DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00105.1</p>

scholarly journals Lidar-based remote sensing of atmospheric boundary layer height over land and ocean

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Luo ◽  
R. Yuan ◽  
Z. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Marine Boundary Layer ◽  
Mixing Layer ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
Mixing Layer Height ◽  
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height

Abstract. Atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) processes are important in climate, weather and air quality. A better understanding of the structure and the behavior of the ABL is required for understanding and modeling of the chemistry and dynamics of the atmosphere on all scales. Based on the systematic variations of the ABL structures over different surfaces, different lidar-based methods were developed and evaluated to determine the boundary layer height and mixing layer height over land and ocean. With Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Climate Research Facility (ACRF) micropulse lidar (MPL) and radiosonde measurements, diurnal and season cycles of atmospheric boundary layer depth and the ABL vertical structure over ocean and land are analyzed. The new methods are then applied to satellite lidar measurements. The aerosol-derived global marine boundary layer heights are evaluated with marine ABL stratiform cloud top heights and results show a good agreement between them.

scholarly journals Relationships between the planetary boundary layer height and surface pollutants derived from lidar observations over China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianning Su ◽  
Zhanqing Li ◽  
Ralph Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain

Abstract. The frequent occurrence of severe air pollution episodes in China has raised great concerns with the public and scientific communities. Planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) is a key factor in the vertical mixing and dilution of near-surface pollutants. However, the relationship between PBLH and surface pollutants, especially particulate matter (PM) concentration, across the whole of China, is not yet well understood. We investigate this issue at ~ 1500 surface stations using PBLH derived from space-borne and ground-based lidar, and discuss the influence of topography and meteorological variables on the PBLH-PM relationship. A generally negative correlation is observed between PM and the PBLH, albeit varying greatly in magnitude with location and season. Correlations are much weaker over the highlands than plains regions, which may be associated with lower pollution levels and mountain breezes. The influence of horizontal transport on surface PM is considered as well, manifested as a negative correlation between surface PM and wind speed over the whole nation. Strong wind with clean upwind sources plays a dominant role in removing pollutants, and leads to weak PBLH-PM correlation. A ventilation rate is introduced to jointly consider horizontal and vertical dispersion, which has the largest impact on surface pollutant accumulation over the North China Plain. Aerosol absorption feedbacks also appear to affect the PBLH-PM relationship, as revealed via comparing air pollution in Beijing and Hong Kong. Absorbing aerosols in high concentrations likely contribute to the significant PBLH-PM correlation over the North China Plain (e.g., during winter). As major precursor emissions for secondary aerosols, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide have similar negative responses to increased PBLH, whereas ozone is positively correlated with PBLH over most regions, which may be caused by heterogeneous reactions and photolysis rates.

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