Bird dispersal of the larval stage of a seed predator

Oecologia ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 100-100 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 200-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Nalepa ◽  
W. H. Piper
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Seed Predator ◽  
Bird Dispersal

The early development of antenna and antennal sensilla in the noctuid moth, Agrotis segetum (Insecta: Lepidoptera)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-503
Author(s):  
Eric Hallberg ◽  
Lina Hansén
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Agrotis Segetum ◽  
Antennal Sensilla ◽  
Noctuid Moth ◽  
Standard Procedures

The antennal rudiments in lepidopterous insects are present as disks during the larval stage. The tubular double-walled antennal disk is present beneath the larval antenna, and its inner layer gives rise to the adult antenna during the pupal stage. The sensilla develop from a cluster of cells that are derived from one stem cell, which gives rise to both sensory and enveloping cells. During the morphogenesis of the sensillum these cells undergo major transformations, including cell death. In the moth Agrotis segetum the pupal stage lasts about 14 days (temperature, 25°C). The antennae, clearly seen from the exterior, were dissected and fixed according to standard procedures (3 % glutaraldehyde in 0.15 M cacaodylate buffer, followed by 1 % osmiumtetroxide in the same buffer). Pupae from day 1 to day 8, of both sexes were studied.

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN CYSTICERCUS FASCIOLARIS AND COMMON RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SHASHI KIRAN
Keyword(s):  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Sylvatic Cycle ◽  
Mature Larva ◽  
Hepatic Cysts ◽  
Cysticercus Fasciolaris ◽  
Taenia Taeniaeformis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of C. fasciolaris with common rats. Cysticercus fasciolaris is the larval stage of Taenia taeniaeformis . Development of metacestodes ( Cysticercus fasciolaris) occur in the liver of rodents. An urban and a sylvatic cycle occurs. A total of 40 liver specimens of rats were examined. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of multiple hepatic cysts, and the C. fasciolaris larva was surrounded by granulation tissue. Large and separated ûbroblasts in different orientations with some neoplastic changes were seen in advanced hepatic cysticercosis. The bladder involved the larva and large chamber containing the small chamber and opalescent fluid. The scolex of the mature larva is distinctly large, bearing four lateral distinct suckers, a rostellum armed with double, and alternating rows of hooks.

Phoronida

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
General Morphology ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Planktonic Larval Stage

This chapter describes the taxonomy of Phoronida, a small group of exclusively marine invertebrates found in most of the world's oceans from the intertidal zone to about 400 metres depth. Phoronids are meroplanktonic with a planktonic larval stage usually less than 2 mm in length and a benthic adult whose length ranges from a few cm up to 50 cm. The chapter covers their life cycle, ecology, and general morphology. It includes a section that indicates the systematic placement of the taxon described within the tree of life, and lists the key marine representative illustrated in the chapter (usually to genus or family level). This section also provides information on the taxonomic authorities responsible for the classification adopted, recent changes which might have occurred, and lists relevant taxonomic sources.

The larva of Psychoda (Philosepedon) humeralis Meigen (Diptera, Psychodidae)

Parasitology ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 155-156
Author(s):  
Kenneth G. V. Smith ◽  
L. W. Grensted
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Present Account ◽  
Generic Rank ◽  
Detailed Treatment

Satchell (1947) described and keyed the larvae of 14 of the 19 British species of Psychoda, but this study did not include P. humeralis Mg., presumably because the author accorded generic rank to Philosepedon and Threticus which would put them outside his study of Psychoda sensu stricto. The larva of P. humeralis has been briefly described by Spärck (1920), but his figures are rather crude. A detailed treatment of the larval head is given by Anthon (1943). The present account is offered to facilitate identification of this species in the larval stage when used in conjunction with Satchell's comprehensive paper.

Morphometric, genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of Taenia hydatigena (Pallas, 1766) larval stage in Iranian livestock

Parasitology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-239
Author(s):  
Shahabeddin Sarvi ◽  
Laya Ebrahimi Behrestaghi ◽  
Abbas Alizadeh ◽  
Seyed Abdollah Hosseini ◽  
Shaban Gohardieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Taenia Hydatigena ◽  
Cysticercus Tenuicollis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cox 1

AbstractCysticercus tenuicollis as metacestode of Taenia hydatigena is the most prevalent taeniid species in livestock. Eighty-eight C. tenuicollis samples were collected from sheep (n = 44) and goats (n = 44) of the northern Iran from 2015 to 2016. The isolated parasites were characterized by morphometric keys. The DNA of the larval stage was extracted, amplified and sequenced targeting mitochondrial 12S rRNA and Cox 1 markers. A significant difference in larval rostellar hook length was observed in 12S rRNA haplotypes. Analysis of molecular variance of 12S rRNA indicated a moderate genetic diversity in the C. tenuicollis isolates. The pairwise sequence distance of C. tenuicollis showed an intra-species diversity of 0.3–0.5% and identity of 99.5–100%. Using the 12S rRNA sequence data we found a moderate genetic difference (Fst; 0.05421) in C. tenucollis isolates collected from livestock of the northern and southeastern regions of Iran. We concluded that the genetic variants of C. tenuicollis are being undoubtedly distributing mostly in different parts of Iran. Further studies with a larger number of T. hydatigena isolates collected from various intermediate and definitive hosts are needed to study this evolutionary assumption and also to determine the apparent genetic differences observed in the studied regions.

scholarly journals Bioactivity of microencapsulated soursop seeds extract on Plutella xylostella

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael Barros Gomes ◽  
Roseane Cristina Predes Trindade ◽  
Antônio Euzébio Goulart Sant'Ana ◽  
Eurico Eduardo Pinto de Lemos ◽  
Irinaldo Diniz Basílio Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Spray Dryer ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Ultrapure Water ◽  
Arabic Gum ◽  
Chronic Effects

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioactivity of microencapsulated extract from the soursop seeds, Annona muricata L. ( Annonaceae ), on diamondback moth, Plutella xylostela L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae ). Microencapsulation was performed in a Mini Spray Dryer model B-290 using 50mL of ethanolic and hexanic extracts plus 150mL of ethanol and 150mL of ultrapure water, mixed with aerosil (first polymer) or arabic gum (second polymer). It was possible to microencapsulate the ethanolic extract of soursop seeds only by using the polymer arabic gum at 20%. The microencapsulated extract caused significant acute toxicity (LC50=258mg L-1) and chronic effects, especially reduction of larval viability and increased larval stage. We concluded that the microencapsulation of the ethanolic extract of soursop seeds can be a viable alternative for controlling diamondback moth with possible gains for the environment.

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