Preliminary studies on the mechanism of infection and characterization of Malassezia pachydermatis in association with canine otitis externa

1988 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
M. A. Gabal
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis

scholarly journals Genotyping of Malassezia pachydermatis disclosed genetic variation in isolates from dogs in Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 915-922
Author(s):  
Adriana Marcela Celis-Ramírez ◽  
Marcela Guevara-Suarez ◽  
Juan Camilo Galvis-Marín ◽  
María Ximena Rodríguez-Bocanegra ◽  
Rubiela Castañeda-Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Rflp Pattern ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Canine Population ◽  
26S Rrna ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT: Malassezia pachydermatis is a lipophilic and lipid-dependent yeast mostly isolated from animals’ skin; hence, it is regarded as a zoophilic species causing otitis externa in dogs. Aspects associated with its epidemiology and pathogenicity is a matter of interest. This study aimed to conduct a molecular characterization of 43 isolates of M. pachydermatis obtained from dogs with otitis externa. For this purpose, the 5.8S internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and D1/D2 26S rRNA regions were amplified, sequenced and analyzed using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with AluI, CfoI, and BstF5I endonucleases. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that these isolates grouped with the sequence types I, IV and V, previously proposed for M. pachydermatis. Interestingly, we found a new polymorphic RFLP pattern using BstF5I, these isolates were associated with the sequence types IV and V, nevertheless an association between polymorphic RFLP patterns, and fosfolipase activity or canine population data was not observed. These findings underline the genetic diversity of M. pachydermatis and provide new insights about the epidemiology of this species in the analyzed population.

scholarly journals Effects of β-Thujaplicin on Anti-Malassezia pachydermatis Remedy for Canine Otitis Externa

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1243-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki NAKANO ◽  
Makoto WADA ◽  
Hiroyuki TANI ◽  
Kazumi SASAI ◽  
Eiichiroh BABA
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis

scholarly journals Efficacy of Argentine propolis formulation for topical treatment of canine otitis externa

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1359-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A Lozina ◽  
M.E Peichoto ◽  
S.I Boehringer ◽  
P Koscinczuk ◽  
G.E Granero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Topical Treatment ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Topical Formulation ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis

The therapeutic effects of Argentine propolis ear drop formulation on canine otitis externa were evaluated. Forty-eight dogs with symptoms of otitis externa were randomly assigned to double-blinded, controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of topical formulation with propolis versus a topical placebo in the treatment of otitis externa. The propolis preparation and placebo were administrated into both external ear canals, twice daily for 14 days. Throughout the study, clinical examination and microbiological analysis of dogs ear exudates were made. The most frequent microorganisms isolated in culture media were: Malassezia pachydermatis (54.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (43.8%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (25.0%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.8%), Candida albicans (18.8%), Proteus mirabilis (16.7%), Streptococcus spp. (16.7%), Enteroccocus faecalis (12.5%), Escherichia coli (12.5%), Staphylococcus intermedius (6.3%), Klebsiella spp. (4.2%), andCandida glabrata (2.1%). Whereas the control group did not recover from the infectious ear disease, the propolis preparation exhibited antimicrobial activity against most of the microorganisms isolated from samples of the treated group. In addition, no propolis-adverse effects were observed. This allowed propolis-treated patients to show a significant improvement of the clinical parameters. Thus, this new Argentine propolis ear drop formulation may be used for topical treatment of otitis externa in dogs.

scholarly journals Characterization of the species Malassezia pachydermatis and re-evaluation of its lipid dependence using a synthetic agar medium

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. e0179148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Puig ◽  
M. Rosa Bragulat ◽  
Gemma Castellá ◽  
F. Javier Cabañes
Keyword(s):  
Agar Medium ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis

scholarly journals Malassezia pachydermatis and bacteria isolated from the external acoustic meatus of dogs suffering from otitis externa and their drug sensitivities.

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Kazuyo Yuri ◽  
Yoshihiro Horii ◽  
Hiromi Katae ◽  
Katsuko Okuzumi ◽  
Atsuhiko Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis

scholarly journals Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of microbial agents of otitis externa in dogs

2022 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 6136-2022
Author(s):  
SERPIL KAHYA DEMIRBILEK ◽  
ÖZGE YILMAZ
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Microbial Agents

In this study, a total of 277 unmedicated dogs with otitis externa were used. Overall, 413 agents were isolated from 277 ear swab samples; 52.7% of the cases were mono-infections (146 cases), and 37.1% of the cases were poly-infections (103 cases). In 10.1% (28) of the cases, neither bacteria nor yeasts were isolated. Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp. were the most frequently isolated bacteria and were found in 90 (21.8%) of the samples. Fifty-eight samples, (14%) were positive for Staphylococcus aureus, 51 (12.3%) for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 27 (6.5%) for Proteus mirabilis, 27 (6.5%) for Malassezia pachydermatis, 21 (5%) for Corynebacterium spp., 21 (5%) for β-haemolytic Streptococcus spp., 15 (3.6%) for Staphylococcus pseudointermedius, 12 (2.9%) for Proteus spp., 12 (2.9%) for Escherichia coli, 9 (2.1%) for Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, 7 (1.6%) for Trichophyton mentagrophytes, 5 (1.2%) for Staphylococcus auricularis, and 46 (11.1%) for different bacteria and yeasts. A total of 14 different bacteria and yeasts were isolated and identified. Kirby-Bauer antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out for 10 different antibiotics. The bacterial isolates were found to be resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (45%), gentamycin (28%), ampicillin/cloxacillin (69%), tobramycin (28%), amikacin (23%), enrofloxacin (47%), chloramphenicol (58%), doxycycline (65%), lincomycin/spectinomycin (58%) and polymyxin B (62%). In conclusion, it is important to test the antimicrobial sensitivity of aetiological agents of otitis externa before treatment so as to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria and yeasts.

scholarly journals Diagnóstico clínico-microbiológico de otitis externa en caninos de Bogotá – Colombia

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Pulido ◽  
Rubiela Castañeda ◽  
Melva Linares ◽  
Marcela Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis

Objetivo. Evaluar clínica y microbiológicamente la implicación de Malassezia sp como agente etiológico de otitis externas en caninos. Materiales y métodos. Se obtuvieron 166 muestras de hisopados óticos de caninos con sintomatología y hallazgos clínicos compatibles con otitis externa durante el periodo comprendido entre julio – diciembre 2008. A partir de las muestras se realizaron cultivos bacteriológicos y micológicos e identificación de género mediante perfiles bioquímicos para cada unos de los microorganismos aislados. Los datos clínicos asociados a la patología fueron consignados en una base de datos y posteriormente analizados en el programa estadístico SPSS 17 Resultados. A partir de la 166 muestras obtenidas, 59% (98) de ellas fueron positivas para el cultivo bacteriológico con predominio de Staphylococcus sp 37% (61) y 73% (121) positivas para Malassezia De las 121 levaduras aisladas 32.2% fue Malassezia pachydermatis. El análisis estadístico no evidenció diferencias significativas con respecto a las relaciones entre variables (género, edad, raza, tipo de oreja y respuesta inflamatoria por citología) y el aislamiento de Malassezia sp. El nivel de significancia establecido para la prueba fue de 0.05%. Conclusiones. No se observaron asociaciones estadísticas entre las variables género, edad, raza frente a la otitis externa por Malassezia sp. Malassezia sp fue aislada en un 73% de los casos con otitis externa, con participación de diferentes agentes bacterianos especialmente Staphylococcus sp.

scholarly journals Current Thoughts on the Treatment of Malassezia in Canine Otitis Externa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomised Controlled

<p>Otitis externa is a commonly diagnosed disorder of canine patients (Rosser, 2004) and can be caused by a number of different factors including infection, allergy, foreign bodies and breed/ear conformation. Malassezia pachydermatis is a yeast which is found as a commensal on canine skin, but may also contribute to the development and perpetuation of the condition.</p><p>The aim of this paper was to assess current knowledge and approaches to the treatment of M. pachydermatis when found to be present in cases of canine otitis externa.</p><p>A literature search was carried out using PubMed database. Search terms Malassezia, dogs / canine, otitis and therapy/treatment/therapeutics were utilised. This identified 26 results from 2005 - 2015. Examination of these papers focussed the review to 11 papers that were clinically relevant. The excluded papers were either concerned with laboratory storage/growth of M. pachydermatis, did not include therapy of the condition, or focussed on other skin conditions.</p><p>Of the 11 papers deemed relevant to this study, only three were double blind, randomised controlled trials (Rougier et al, 2005, Bensignor &amp; Grandemange, 2006, Hensel et al, 2009); one paper was a review of current literature relating to dermatology, including otitis externa (Bond, 2010) and the remainder were focussed on in vitro work with M. pachydermatis.</p><p>Many different therapeutics were used, namely thiabendazole, amphotericin B, itraconazole, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, nystatin, chelating agents and various ear cleaners.</p><p>Within the controlled trials, a chelating agent was shown to improve therapeutic effectiveness of topical medication, combination therapy (antifungal, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents) was more effective than antifungal agent alone and no significant difference was noted when comparing combination therapies. A clear difference was found between different ear cleaners.</p><p>This review highlights the variety of different medications that can be used in the treatment of Malassezia otitis externa and the need for a greater number of robust clinical trials.</p><p>Find out more about <a href="http://www.girlingandfraser.co.uk/page4.htm" target="_blank">Mary</a>.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" />

In vitro antimicrobial activity of the leaf extract of Harungana madagascariensis Lam. ex Poir. (Hypericaceae) against strains causing otitis externa in dogs and cats

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Moulari ◽  
Y. Pellequer ◽  
J. Chaumont ◽  
Y. Guillaume ◽  
J. Millet
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation

Otitis externa in dogs and cats is always caused by a combination of yeasts and bacteria, among which the most important are Malassezia pachydermatis, Staphylococcus intermedius and Pseudomonas species. These organisms often develop resistance to classical antimicrobial agents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of an ethyl acetate leaf extract of Harungana madagascariensis against the organisms cited, to carry out the phytochemical investigation of this extract and to determine its bioactive chemical class using dilution techniques, the bioautography method and the standard phytochemical method described by Harborne (1973). Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and anthracenic derivatives. The bioassay showed that the antimicrobial properties may be attributed to astilbin, a flavanone derivative identified on the basis of its spectroscopic data. The results suggest that the extract could be used in an antimicrobial preparation effective against the whole range of organisms incriminated in otitis externa in dogs and cats, with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 250 μg/ml.

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