The structure of bovine rhodopsin

1983 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Hargrave ◽  
J. H. McDowell ◽  
Donna R. Curtis ◽  
Janet K. Wang ◽  
Elizabeth Juszczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Rhodopsin

scholarly journals The Three-dimensional Structure of Bovine Rhodopsin Determined by Electron Cryomicroscopy

2003 ◽  
Vol 278 (50) ◽  
pp. 50217-50225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Krebs ◽  
Patricia C. Edwards ◽  
Claudio Villa ◽  
Jade Li ◽  
Gebhard F. X. Schertler
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Electron Cryomicroscopy ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Bovine Rhodopsin

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Bovine Rhodopsin and Bacteriorhodopsin:  Possible Roles in Folding and Function†

Langmuir ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1330-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Tanuj Sapra ◽  
Paul S.-H. Park ◽  
Krzysztof Palczewski ◽  
Daniel J. Muller
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bovine Rhodopsin ◽  
And Function

X-ray Scattering Studies of Protein-Lipid Systems in Solution: The Example of Bovine Rhodopsin

1977 ◽  
pp. 307-319
Author(s):  
Annette Tardieu ◽  
Christian Sardet ◽  
Vittorio Luzzati
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Bovine Rhodopsin ◽  
Ray Scattering

scholarly journals G protein-coupled receptors--recent advances.

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Latek ◽  
Anna Modzelewska ◽  
Bartosz Trzaskowski ◽  
Krzysztof Palczewski ◽  
Sławomir Filipek
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Protein Signaling ◽  
Partial Activation ◽  
Bovine Rhodopsin ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Multiple Ligand

The years 2000 and 2007 witnessed milestones in current understanding of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) structural biology. In 2000 the first GPCR, bovine rhodopsin, was crystallized and the structure was solved, while in 2007 the structure of β(2)-adrenergic receptor, the first GPCR with diffusible ligands, was determined owing to advances in microcrystallization and an insertion of the fast-folding lysozyme into the receptor. In parallel with those crystallographic studies, the biological and biochemical characterization of GPCRs has advanced considerably because those receptors are molecular targets for many of currently used drugs. Therefore, the mechanisms of activation and signal transduction to the cell interior deduced from known GPCRs structures are of the highest importance for drug discovery. These proteins are the most diversified membrane receptors encoded by hundreds of genes in our genome. They participate in processes responsible for vision, smell, taste and neuronal transmission in response to photons or binding of ions, hormones, peptides, chemokines and other factors. Although the GPCRs share a common seven-transmembrane α-helical bundle structure their binding sites can accommodate thousands of different ligands. The ligands, including agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists change the structure of the receptor. With bound agonists they can form a complex with a suitable G protein, be phosphorylated by kinases or bind arrestin. The discovered signaling cascades invoked by arrestin independently of G proteins makes the GPCR activating scheme more complex such that a ligand acting as an antagonist for G protein signaling can also act as an agonist in arrestin-dependent signaling. Additionally, the existence of multiple ligand-dependent partial activation states as well as dimerization of GPCRs result in a 'microprocessor-like' action of these receptors rather than an 'on-off' switch as was commonly believed only a decade ago.

The amino- and carboxyl-terminal sequence of bovine rhodopsin

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Hargrave ◽  
Shao-Ling Fong
Keyword(s):  
Terminal Sequence ◽  
Bovine Rhodopsin ◽  
Carboxyl Terminal

Modelling of third cytoplasmic loop of bovine rhodopsin by multicanonical molecular dynamics

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihisa S. Watanabe ◽  
Yoshifumi Fukunishi ◽  
Haruki Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Cytoplasmic Loop ◽  
Bovine Rhodopsin
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