Effect of stimulation of antibody formation by bone marrow cells in vivo

Using in utero transplantation into fetal sheep, we examined the capability of human bone marrow CD34+ cells fractionated based on Kit protein expression to provide long-term in vivo engraftment. Twelve hundred to 5,000 CD34+ Kit-, CD34+ Kit(low), and CD34+ Kit(high) cells were injected into a total of 14 preimmune fetal sheep recipients using the amniotic bubble technique. Six fetuses were killed in utero 1.5 months after bone marrow cell transplantation. Two fetuses receiving CD34+ Kit(low) cells showed signs of engraftment according to analysis of CD45+ cells in their bone marrow cells and karyotype studies of the colonies grown in methylcellulose culture. In contrast, two fetuses receiving CD34+ Kit(high) cells and two fetuses receiving CD34+ Kit- cells failed to show evidence of significant engraftment. Two fetuses were absorbed. A total of six fetuses receiving different cell populations were allowed to proceed to term, and the newborn sheep were serially examined for the presence of chimerism. Again, only the two sheep receiving CD34+ Kit(low) cells exhibited signs of engraftment upon serial examination. Earlier in studies of murine hematopoiesis, we have shown stage-specific changes in Kit expression by the progenitors. The studies of human cells reported here are in agreement with observations in mice, and indicate that human hematopoietic stem cells are enriched in the Kit(low) population.

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Thrombopoietin-Induced Stimulation of Megakaryocyte- Enriched Bone Marrow Cultures

10.1055/s-0039-1687198 ◽

1979 ◽

Author(s):

K. L. Kellar ◽

B. L. Evatt ◽

C. R. McGrath ◽

R. B. Ramsey

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Dna Synthesis ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Rabbit Plasma ◽

Bone Marrow Cultures ◽

Plasma Fractions ◽

Marrow Cultures ◽

Stimulation Of

Liquid cultures of bone marrow cells enriched for megakaryocytes were assayed for incorporation of 3H-thymidine (3H-TdR) into acid-precipitable cell digests to determine the effect of thrombopoietin on DNA synthesis. As previously described, thrombopoietin was prepared by ammonium sulfate fractionation of pooled plasma obtained from thrombocytopenic rabbits. A control fraction was prepared from normal rabbit plasma. The thrombopoietic activity of these fractions was determined in vivo with normal rabbits as assay animals and the rate of incorporation of 75Se-selenomethionine into newly formed platelets as an index of thrombopoietic activity of the infused material. Guinea pig megakaryocytes were purified using bovine serum albumin gradients. Bone marrow cultures containing 1.5-3.0x104 cells and 31%-71% megakaryocytes were incubated 18 h in modified Dulbecco’s MEM containing 10% of the concentrated plasma fractions from either thrombocytopenic or normal rabbits. In other control cultures, 0.9% NaCl was substituted for the plasma fractions. 3H-TdR incorporation was measured after cells were incubated for 3 h with 1 μCi/ml. The protein fraction containing thrombopoietin-stimulating activity caused a 25%-31% increase in 3H-TdR incorporation over that in cultures which were incubated with the similar fraction from normal plasma and a 29% increase over the activity in control cultures to which 0.9% NaCl had been added. These data suggest that thrombopoietin stimulates DNA synthesis in megakaryocytes and that this tecnique may be useful in assaying thrombopoietin in vitro.

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Distribution of sister chromatid exchanges on the mouse chromosomes in vivo with reference to the replication properties of the X chromosome

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g84-026 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 152-157

Author(s):

S. M. Singh ◽

D. L. Reimer

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

X Chromosome ◽

Sister Chromatid ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Relative Length ◽

Chromosome Length ◽

Sister Chromatid Exchanges ◽

Chromatid Exchanges ◽

Marrow Cells

Frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) were recorded separately for different chromosomes from bone marrow cells of female mice of the two genetic strains (C3H/S and C57BL/6J). SCEs were evaluated following different doses of 5-bromo-2′deoxyuridine (BrdU) as nine hourly i.p. injections. The SCE per cell increased with increasing BrdU doses which was slightly higher in C3H/S than in the C57BL/6J. SCEs per cell were variable at every treatment – strain combination, possibly reflecting the heterogeneous nature of the bone marrow cells. In general, there is a positive correlation between SCE per chromosome and the relative chromosome length. Total SCEs on one of the large chromosomes (most likely the X chromosome), however, are significantly higher than expected on the basis of relative length alone. Most of this increase is attributable to one of the homologues of this chromosome, which is not in synchrony with the rest of the chromosomes and may represent the late-replicating X. These results when viewed in the light of replication properties of the heterochromatinized X, suggest a direct involvement of DNA replication in SCE formation and may argue against the replication point as the sole site for the SCEs.Key words: sister chromatid exchange, BrdU, recombination, replication, X chromosome.

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Mutagenicity assay in Salmonella and in vivo sister chromatid exchange in bone marrow cells of mice for four pyrazolone derivatives

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis ◽

10.1016/s1383-5718(98)00138-7 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 420 (1-3) ◽

pp. 15-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A.K. Giri ◽

A. Mukhopadhyay

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Sister Chromatid ◽

Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Pyrazolone Derivatives ◽

Mutagenicity Assay ◽

Marrow Cells

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Limits of stimulation of proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow cells of mice treated with swainsonine

International Immunopharmacology ◽

10.1016/s1567-5769(03)00186-3 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 3 (10-11) ◽

pp. 1537-1547 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Oladipo A. Oredipe ◽

Paulette M. Furbert-Harris ◽

Ibrahim Laniyan ◽

Walter M. Griffin ◽

Rajagopalan Sridhar

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Proliferation And Differentiation ◽

Stimulation Of ◽

Marrow Cells

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AML cells are differentially sensitive to chemotherapy treatment in a human xenograft model

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2012-10-464677 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 121 (12) ◽

pp. e90-e97 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Mark Wunderlich ◽

Benjamin Mizukawa ◽

Fu-Sheng Chou ◽

Christina Sexton ◽

Mahesh Shrestha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Induction Therapy ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Xenograft Model ◽

Chemotherapy Treatment ◽

Key Points ◽

Increased Sensitivity ◽

Total Bone Marrow ◽

Marrow Cells

Key Points A relevant xenograft chemotherapy model was developed by using standard AML induction therapy drugs and primary human AML patient samples. Human AML cells show significantly increased sensitivity to in vivo chemotherapy treatment compared with murine LSK and total bone marrow cells.

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