Bubbles in the manufacturing process are common. The bubbles often lead to the decrease of the product’s surface quality and internal performance. This paper summarized the published researches and applications of the detection and processing for bubble images, of which the advantages and disadvantages were also presented. Based on the above mentioned results, this paper then proposed a new bubble image processing algorithm for vacuum casting process, in which the characteristics of the bubbles in vacuum casting process and the problems possibly caused in detail were analyzed. According to the characteristics of bubbles in vacuum casting process, an image processing algorithms was designed using Matlab. The simulation result showed the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.