Questioning current definitions of gender identity: Implications of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory for transsexuals

1980 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Z. Fleming ◽  
Sharon Rae Jenkins ◽  
Carol Bugarin
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory

scholarly journals Metrosexual Identification: Gender Identity And Beauty-Related Behaviors

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurathai Lertwannawit ◽  
Nak Gulid
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Status Consumption ◽  
Fashion Consciousness ◽  
Body Self

This paper identifies the term metrosexual using the Bem sex role inventory and appearance-related variables, i.e. self monitoring, status consumption, fashion consciousness, cloth concern, and body self-relation. A quantitative study was performed using 263 heterosexual metropolitan men from Bangkok. An ANOVA was used to test the hypotheses. The results indicate that metrosexuals can be described by their gender identity having a high score for femininity, which characterizes feminine and androgynous personality traits. These two groups have high scores for all appearance-related variables, especially self monitoring and body self-relation.

PERCEPTIONS OF MEN, WOMEN, AND CEOS: THE EFFECTS OF GENDER IDENTITY

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Robert Dennis ◽  
Adrianne Dennis Kunkel
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Chief Executive Officer ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Leadership Attributes ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Schein Descriptive Index

Previous studies (e.g., Heilman, Block, & Martell, 1995; Heilman, Block, Martell, & Simon, 1989; Kunkel, Dennis, & Waters, 2003; Schein, 1973, 1975; Schein & Mueller, 1992) have detected differences in how participants perceive the characteristics of males and females in general and those of male and female managers, though sex-based stereotyping dissipated with the consideration of successful managers. This study, an administration of the Schein Descriptive Index (SDI, Schein, 1973) and the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI; Bem, 1974) to 220 participants (125 women and 95 men), is the second to extend the operationalization of the extant program beyond the commonplace label of manager to that of chief executive officer (CEO) and the first to find that participants' gender identities may be critical to their perceptions of similarities and differences between the sexes. While males and masculinity continue to be associated with organizational leadership attributes, individuals of either sex who express feminine orientations perceive little difference between the sexes.

Geschlechtsspezifische Ideale im Wandel der Zeit

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Ralf Swazina ◽  
Karin Waldherr ◽  
Kathrin Maier
Keyword(s):  
Sex Role ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory

Zusammenfassung: Ausgehend von vorhandenen Hypothesen einer zeitlichen Veränderung der Sozialen Erwünschtheit der femininen und maskulinen Eigenschaften des Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI; Bem, 1974 ; Schneider-Düker, 1978 ) für Frauen und Männer wurden im Zuge einer ersten Datenerhebung insgesamt 90 Eigenschaften von 42 Studierenden der Universität Wien eingestuft. Für acht feminine und fünf maskuline Eigenschaften des BSRI wurde eine Abweichung zwischen den neu erhobenen Werten und jenen von 1978 festgestellt. Zusätzlich ergaben sich aus diesem und einem zweiten Datensatz für einige weitere Eigenschaften Hinweise eines zeitlichen Wandels der Sozialen Erwünschtheit. Diese wurden im Zuge einer zusätzlichen Datenerhebung überprüft, wobei jene 90 Eigenschaften nun von 314 StudentInnen eingestuft wurden. Die Ergebnisse der ersten Erhebung konnten bestätigt sowie für weitere sieben maskuline und vier feminine Eigenschaften ein Anstieg der Sozialen Erwünschtheit für das jeweils andere Geschlecht festgestellt werden. Die erfassten Unterschiede zu früheren Normen werden im Sinne einer veränderten Auffassung über weibliche und männliche Ideale in unserer Gesellschaft interpretiert.

scholarly journals Gender Differences: Examination of the 12-Item Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI-12) in an Older Brazilian Population

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e76356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa F. Carver ◽  
Afshin Vafaei ◽  
Ricardo Guerra ◽  
Aline Freire ◽  
Susan P. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory

Effects of Sex-Role Stereotypes and Androgynous Alternatives on Mental Health Judgments of Psychotherapists

1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth V. Swenson ◽  
Ruth Ragucci
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Sex Role Stereotyping ◽  
Sex Role Stereotypes ◽  
The Relationship

Research and theoretical notions on the relationship between mental health and androgyny have yielded contradictory statements. In the present study 42 practicing psychotherapists were asked to rate the mentally healthy person (sex unspecified), man, and woman on the Bem Sex-role Inventory. Analysis showed that masculine was the preferred category for the person, with androgynous more often used to describe the man and undifferentiated, the woman. Male and female ratees differed significantly in masculinity and femininity in the expected direction with the person midway between. Sex-role stereotyping remains prevalent among mental health professionals.

Sex Role Orientation and Female Sexual Functioning

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Snow ◽  
Jean L. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Functioning ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Sexual Arousability ◽  
Female Sexual Functioning ◽  
Post Hoc

This study investigates the differences among women in four sex-role categories—Feminine, Masculine, Androgynous, and Undifferentiated—with regard to sexual behavior and attitudes. The sample consists of 300 undergraduate and graduate women enrolled in 27 classes during the spring of 1978. Four criterion instruments are used: (1) the Bem Sex Role Inventory, (2) the Sexual Arousability Inventory, (3) the Sexual Behavior Inventory, and (4) the Sexual Data Form. Eight null hypotheses are tested. A multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant differences ( p < .05) on three of the eight comparisons. A post hoc analysis revealed the source of significance to be between Undifferentiated women and women in the other three sex-role categories on satisfaction with sexual responsivity and frequency of an orgasm with partner.

scholarly journals Gender stereotypes 2.0: Self-representations of adolescents on Facebook

Comunicar ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (48) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Úrsula Oberst ◽  
Andrés Chamarro ◽  
Vanessa Renau
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Adaptive Use ◽  
Adolescent Girls And Boys ◽  
Bienestar Psicologico

Adolescent girls and boys use online networking sites differently, and girls have a higher risk of being harmed by non-adaptive use. The aim of the study was to assess the extent to which adolescents portray themselves according to gender stereotypes on their Facebook profiles. Participants were 623 Facebook users of both sexes who responded to the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and the Personal Well-being Index (PWI). In the first step, the adolescents responded to the BSRI with respect to how they view a typical adult in terms of gender stereotypes. In the second step, half of them responded to the BSRI with respect to how they view themselves and the other half responded with respect to their self-presentation on Facebook. The results show that adolescents consider themselves to be less sexually differentiated than a typical adult of their own sex, both in their self-perception and their self-portrayal on Facebook. The study confirms that the psychological well-being of girls decreases considerably with age and that it is associated with a greater degree of masculinity. We conclude that adolescents produce accurate self-representations on their Facebook profiles, and both boys and girls tend to offer a less sexually differentiated self-concept and self-portrayal than that of the typical adult, with a slight preference for masculine traits; moreover, masculinity is associated with a greaterdegree of psychological well-being. Chicas y chicos adolescentes hacen un uso diferente de las redes sociales online, y las chicas presentan un mayor riesgo de verse perjudicadas por un uso no adaptativo. El objetivo de este estudio era investigar en qué medida los adolescentes se presentan en términos de estereotipos de género en sus perfiles de Facebook. Los participantes, 623 usuarios de Facebook de ambos sexos, contestaron el Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) y el Personal Well-being Index (PWI). En la primera fase, respondieron sobre cómo ven a un adulto típico en términos de estereotipos de género. En la segunda fase, la mitad de ellos contestó el BSRI en relación a cómo se ven a sí mismos, y la otra mitad cómo se presentan en Facebook. Los resultados muestran que los adolescentes se consideran más sexualmente indiferenciados que un adulto típico de su mismo sexo, tanto en su auto-percepción como en su presentación en Facebook. Se confirma que el bienestar psicológico de las chicas baja considerablemente con la edad, y que está asociado a un mayor grado de masculinidad. Se concluye que los adolescentes producen representaciones verdaderas en sus perfiles de Facebook, y que existe una tendencia hacia una auto-concepción y auto-presentación más sexualmente indiferenciada con una leve preferencia por rasgos masculinos, tanto en chicos como en chicas; además, la masculinidad está asociada a un mayor grado de bienestar psicológico.

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