A Na+-independent, phloretin-sensitive monosaccharide transport system in isolated intestinal epithelial cells

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Kimmich ◽  
J. Randles
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Monosaccharide Transport

Energetics of sugar transport by isolated intestinal epithelial cells: effects of cytochalasin B

1979 ◽  
Vol 237 (1) ◽  
pp. C56-C63 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Kimmich ◽  
J. Randles
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Cytochalasin B ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Facilitated Diffusion ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Passive System ◽  
Concentration Gradients

The capability of isolated intestinal epithelial cells to establish concentration gradients of 3-O-methylglucose (3-OMG) by a Na+-dependent transport system is limited by concomitant function of a Na+-independent, facilitated diffusion transport system. Monosaccharides accumulated by the active system are continuously lost via the passive system, which acts to lower steady-state sugar gradients maintained by the cell. Cytochalasin B is a potent inhibitor of the passive system and allows the cells to establish a sugar gradient that is much higher than normal. When extracellular [3-;OMG] is 1 mM, cytochalasin induces sugar accumulation ratios of 30-;fold (+/- phlorizin) in contrast to control ratios of approximately 10-;fold. When [3-;OMG] is 0.1 mM, cytochalasin (0.1 mM) induces 40-;fold accumulation ratios. When changes in extracellular sugar concentration are considered, steady-state concentration gradients observed are 70-;fold. For a Na:sugar coupling stoichiometry of 1:1, gradients of this magnitude represent the approximate theoretical maximum for a transport system driven exclusively by the transmembrane electrochemical potential for Na+.

Effects of phloretin and theophylline on 3-O-methylglucose transport by intestinal epithelial cells

1978 ◽  
Vol 234 (3) ◽  
pp. C64-C72 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Randles ◽  
G. A. Kimmich
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Sugar Transport ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Facilitated Diffusion ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Gradient Enhancement

Phloretin and theophylline each exert an immediate inhibitory effect on the Na+-independent, facilitated-diffusion transport system for sugar associated with intestinal epithelial cells. Phloretin inhibits approximately 50% more of the total Na+-independent sugar flux than theophylline. Neither agent has an immediate effect on the Na+-dependent, concentrative sugar transport system, although preincubation of the cells with phloretin causes a significant inhibition. The slowly developing effect is correlated with a decrease in cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and an elevation of intracellular Na+. Other agents which elevate cell Na+ also inhibit Na+-dependent sugar influx, even if ATP levels are not depleted. On the other hand, if ATP is depleted by phloretin under conditions in which the cells do not gain Na+, the inhibitory effect on Na+-dependent sugar flux tends to disappear. The slow-onset phloretin effects are due to transinhibition of the Na+-dependent sugar carrier by cellular Na+. When the passive sugar carrier is inhibited by phloretin or theophylline, the concentrative system can establish an enhanced sugar gradient. Because of the secondary metabolic effects of phloretin, theophylline induces a greater gradient enhancement despite its more limited effect on the passive sugar-transport system. Sugar gradients as large as 20-fold are induced by theophylline, in contrast to 12-fold gradients observed in the presence of phloretin and approximately 7- to 8-fold for untreated cells. These results are discussed in terms of conceptual questions regarding the energetics of Na+-dependent transport systems.

scholarly journals Uptake of Manganese from the Manganese-Lysine Complex in Primary Chicken Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 559
Author(s):  
Shiping Bai ◽  
Keying Zhang ◽  
Xuemei Ding ◽  
Jianping Wang ◽  
Qiufeng Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Divalent Metal Transporter 1 ◽  
Divalent Metal Transporter ◽  
Cationic Amino Acid ◽  
Metal Transporter

Organic manganese (Mn) sources can replace inorganic Mn as dietary Mn supplements in poultry. To compare the uptake of Mn from the Mn-lysine complex (MnLys) and MnSO4, we first established the primary chicken intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) model and used it to determine Mn uptake. The MnLys increased the uptake of Mn compared to MnSO4. The uptake of Mn decreased in the IECs with Fe addition in the medium regardless of the Mn sources. The MnLys decreased the Mn2+ efflux transporter ferroportin 1 (FPN1) mRNA level but did not influence the Mn2+ influx transporter divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) mRNA expression when compared to MnSO4. The results above indicated that the increase of Mn accumulation for MnLys at least partly was due to the decrease of Mn efflux by reduced FPN1 expression. The addition of N-ethylmaleimide, an L-lysine transport system y+ inhibitor, decreased the uptake of Mn from MnLys but did not affect the uptake of Mn from MnSO4. The cycloheximide, as an L-lysine transport system b0,+ activator, increased the uptake of Mn from MnLys, whereas they did not influence the uptake of Mn from MnSO4. The MnLys increased the system y+ members cationic amino acid transporter (CAT) 1 and CAT2, and system b0,+ components rBAT and b0,+AT mRNA expression when compared to MnSO4. These results suggested that the uptake of MnLys complex might be transported by CAT1/2 and system b0,+, which was different from the ionized Mn2+ uptake pathway. In conclusion, the uptake of Mn from MnLys complex not only might be uptake through the ionized Mn2+ pathway, but also appeared to be transported through the CAT1/2 and system b0,+ in primary chicken IECs.

alpha-Methylglucoside satisfies only Na+-dependent transport system of intestinal epithelium

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (5) ◽  
pp. C227-C232 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Kimmich ◽  
J. Randles
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Cytochalasin B ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Dependent Transport

The unidirectional influx of alpha-methylglucoside (alpha-MG) by isolated chicken intestinal epithelial cells is 98% inhibited by phlorizin. The remaining 2% of the total influx occurs in the absence of Na+, is not sensitive to phloretin, and is equal to the diffusional entry rate for 2-deoxyglucose. The glucoside is much more strongly accumulated (75-fold) than 3-O-methylglucose (3-OMG) (10-fold). Inhibitors of the serosal sugar carrier (phloretin, cytochalasin B, theophylline, and flavanoids) do not enhance alpha-MG accumulation. It is concluded that the glycoside is not a substrate for the intestinal serosal transport system. Steady-state gradients of the sugar can be represented accurately by a concentrative, phlorizin-sensitive system that is opposed by a diffusional efflux process.

Three-dimensional organization and functional relationships of endocytotic compartments in pig intestinal epithelial cells

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
Julian P. Heath ◽  
Buford L. Nichols ◽  
László G. Kömüves
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Cell Surfaces ◽  
Basal Surface ◽  
Functional Relationships

The newborn pig intestine is adapted for the rapid and efficient absorption of nutrients from colostrum. In enterocytes, colostral proteins are taken up into an apical endocytotic complex of channels that transports them to target organelles or to the basal surface for release into the circulation. The apical endocytotic complex of tubules and vesicles clearly is a major intersection in the routes taken by vesicles trafficking to and from the Golgi, lysosomes, and the apical and basolateral cell surfaces.Jejunal tissues were taken from piglets suckled for up to 6 hours and prepared for electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry as previously described.

Human and mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) present glycolipid antigens to natural killer (NK)-T cells in a CD1d-restricted manner

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A37-A37
Author(s):  
Y VANDEWAL ◽  
R PITMAN ◽  
R HERSHBERG ◽  
S COLGAN ◽  
S BEHAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Nk T Cells ◽  
Human And Mouse

Thrombin enhances migration of intestinal epithelial cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A504-A504
Author(s):  
A NEUMANN ◽  
M DEPKAPRONDZINSKI ◽  
C WILHELM ◽  
K FELGENHAUER ◽  
T CASPRITZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial
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