Are intermediate filaments of vertebrate smooth muscle cells and tonofilaments of epithelial cells identical cell structures?

1978 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. -G. Heumann ◽  
M. Weigold
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Identical Cell

scholarly journals Endothelin as a local regulating factor in the bovine oviduct

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Yamamoto ◽  
Misa Kohka ◽  
Yoshihiko Kobayashi ◽  
Izabela Woclawek-Potocka ◽  
Kiyoshi Okuda
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Ovarian Steroids

Endothelin (EDN) is a possible regulating factor of oviductal motility, which is important for the transport of gametes and embryo. To clarify the factors that control the secretion of EDN in the bovine oviduct, the expression of EDNs, EDN-converting enzymes (ECEs) and EDN receptors (EDNRs) were investigated. All isoforms of EDN (EDN1–3), ECE (ECE1 and ECE2) and EDNR (EDNRA and EDNRB) were immunolocalised in the epithelial cells of the ampulla and the isthmus. EDNRs were also immunolocalised in smooth-muscle cells. The mRNA expression of EDN2 and ECE2 was higher in cultured ampullary oviductal epithelial cells than in isthmic cells. The expression of EDN1, EDN2 and ECE2 in the ampullary tissue was highest on the day of ovulation. Oestradiol-17β increased EDN2 and ECE1 expression, while progesterone increased only ECE1 expression in cultured ampullary epithelial cells. These results indicate that EDNs are produced by epithelial cells and their target site is smooth-muscle and epithelial cells, and suggest that ovarian steroids are regulators of endothelin synthesis in ampullary oviductal epithelial cells.

Urethral reconstruction using an amphiphilic tissue-engineered autologous polyurethane nanofiber scaffold with rapid vascularization function

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 2164-2174
Author(s):  
Yuqing Niu ◽  
Guochang Liu ◽  
Chuangbi Chen ◽  
Ming Fu ◽  
Wen Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Urethral Reconstruction ◽  
Nanofiber Scaffold

We report the efficient application of a well-layered tubular amphiphilic nanofiber of a polyurethane copolymer (PU-ran) for the regulation the phenotypic expression of epithelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) for vascularized urethral reconstruction.

Antibody-independent localization of the electroneutral Na+-HCO3− cotransporter NBCn1 (slc4a7) in mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (2) ◽  
pp. C591-C603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebbe Boedtkjer ◽  
Jeppe Praetorius ◽  
Ernst-Martin Füchtbauer ◽  
Christian Aalkjaer
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Thick Ascending Limb ◽  
Bladder Smooth Muscle ◽  
Kidney Pelvis ◽  
Medullary Collecting Duct ◽  
Cerebellar Purkinje Cells

The expression pattern of the electroneutral Na+-HCO3−cotransporter NBCn1 (slc4a7) was investigated by β-galactosidase staining of mice with a LacZ insertion into the NBCn1 gene. This method is of particular value because it is independent of immunoreactivity. We find that the NBCn1 promoter is active in a number of tissues where NBCn1 has previously been functionally or immunohistochemically identified, including a broad range of blood vessels (vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells), kidney thick ascending limb and medullary collecting duct epithelial cells, the epithelial lining of the kidney pelvis, duodenal enterocytes, choroid plexus epithelial cells, hippocampus, and retina. Kidney corpuscles, colonic mucosa, and nonvascular smooth muscle cells (from the urinary bladder, trachea, gastrointestinal wall, and uterus) were novel areas of promoter activity. Atrial but not ventricular cardiomyocytes were stained. In the brain, distinct layers of the cerebral cortex and cerebellar Purkinje cells were stained as was the dentate nucleus. No staining of skeletal muscle or cortical collecting ducts was observed. RT-PCR analyses confirmed the expression of NBCn1 and β-galactosidase in selected tissues. Disruption of the NBCn1 gene resulted in reduced NBCn1 expression, and in bladder smooth muscle cells, reduced amiloride-insensitive Na+-dependent HCO3− influx was observed. Furthermore, disruption of the NBCn1 gene resulted in a lower intracellular steady-state pH of bladder smooth muscle cells in the presence of CO2/HCO3− but not in its nominal absence. We conclude that NBCn1 has a broad expression profile, supporting previous findings based on immunoreactivity, and suggest several new tissues where NBCn1 may be important.

scholarly journals Seminal Vesicles and Bulbourethral Glands of Mammals: Morphology, Physiology, Ecology, Action of Extreme Destabilizing Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-107
Author(s):  
N. N. Shevlyuk ◽  
M. F. Ryskulov
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Secretory Cycle

In mammals, the adnexal sex glands are represented by seminal vesicles, the prostate gland, urethral and bulbourethral glands, as well as glands that coagulate sperm and ampullary glands. The secret of the accessory genital glands increases the volume of the ejaculate (the share of secretions of these glands accounts for about 95% of the volume of ejaculate) promotes sperm, causes increased contraction of smooth muscle cells in the walls of the female genital tract.The purpose of this review is to analyze the morphofunctional organization of seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands of mammalian animals and humans.The presence or absence of seminal vesicles is a species-specific feature. Among mammals, seminal vesicles are well developed in some rodents, insectivores, a number of domestic animals (cattle, pigs), and primates. These glands are absent in cloacae, marsupials, some carnivores, a number of insectivores, artiodactyls. Bulbourethral glands are well developed in rodents, bats, primates, and some ungulates.In the wall of the seminal vesicles, the mucous, muscular and outer membranes are isolated. The epithelium of the secretory parts is pseudomultitial, the interstitium is represented by loose fibrous connective tissue and a significant number of smooth muscle cells. In the wall of the bulbourethral glands, the mucosa and adventitial membrane are isolated. The secretory end sections of the bulbourethral glands are lined with a single-layer single-row epithelium, glandular cells produce a mucosal or mixed secret. The seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands are androgen-dependent glands. In species with a seasonal pattern of reproduction, their morphofunctional characteristics undergo significant changes during the circannual rhythm of reproduction.The epithelium of seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands is very sensitive to the action of various adverse factors (heavy metal compounds, organic xenobiotics, electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound, etc.). When exposed to various negative factors in the adnexal glands, a complex of changes occurs (edema of connective tissue and epithelium, decreased secretory activity of epithelial cells, desynchronization of the secretory cycle, desquamation of glandular epithelial cells, proliferation of interstitial connective tissue).There is a lack of information on many aspects of the characteristics of the adnexal glands of the male reproductive system, primarily on the morphology and physiology of the adnexal glands of animals in natural ecosystems, on the ultrastructural and immunohistochemical characteristics of these glands, as well as on the mechanisms of regulation of morphofunctional rearrangements of the adnexal glands during seasonal reproduction rhythms, in the conditions of adaptation to various negative influences.

scholarly journals IL-4 Receptor-Alpha Signalling of Intestinal Epithelial Cells, Smooth Muscle Cells, and Macrophages Plays a Redundant Role in Oxazolone Colitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jennifer Claire Hoving ◽  
Roanne Keeton ◽  
Maxine A. Höft ◽  
Mumin Ozturk ◽  
Patricia Otieno-Odhiambo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Receptor Alpha ◽  
Redundant Role

A hallmark of ulcerative colitis is the chronic colonic inflammation, which is the result of a dysregulated intestinal mucosal immune response. Epithelial barrier disruption which allows the entry of microorganisms eventually leads to more aggressive inflammation and potentially the removal of the colon. We have previously shown that the T helper- (Th-) type 2 cytokines, Interleukin- (IL-) 4 and IL-13, mediate CD4+ T cell- or B cell-driven inflammation in the oxazolone-induced mouse model of ulcerative colitis. In contrast, mice deficient in the shared receptor of IL-4 and IL-13, IL-4 receptor-alpha (IL-4Rα), on all cells develop an exacerbated disease phenotype. This suggests that a regulatory role of IL-4Rα is required to protect against severe colitis. However, the cell populations responsible for regulating the severity of disease onset through IL-4Rα in colitis are yet to be identified. By deleting IL-4Rα on specific cell subsets shown to play a role in mediating colitis, we determined their role in a loss of function approach. Our data demonstrated that the loss of IL-4Rα signalling on intestinal epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages/neutrophils had no effect on alleviating the pathology associated with colitis. These results suggest that IL-4/IL-13 signalling through IL-4Rα on nonhematopoietic intestinal epithelial or smooth muscle cells and hematopoietic macrophage/neutrophils has a redundant role in driving acute oxazolone colitis.

Cytoskeletal modulation of sodium current in human jejunal circular smooth muscle cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (1) ◽  
pp. C60-C66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Strege ◽  
Adrian N. Holm ◽  
Adam Rich ◽  
Steven M. Miller ◽  
Yijun Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Patch Clamp ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Sodium Current ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Cytochalasin D ◽  
Circular Smooth Muscle

A Na+ current is present in human jejunal circular smooth muscle cells. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of the cytoskeleton in the regulation of the Na+ current. Whole cell currents were recorded by using standard patch-clamp techniques with Cs+ in the pipette to block K+currents. Cytochalasin D and gelsolin were used to disrupt the actin cytoskeleton and phalloidin to stabilize it. Colchicine was used to disassemble the microtubule cytoskeleton (and intermediate filaments) and paclitaxel to stabilize it. Acrylamide was used to disrupt the intermediate filament cytoskeleton. Perfusion of the recording chamber at 10 ml/min increased peak Na+ current recorded from jejunal smooth muscle cells by 27 ± 3%. Cytochalasin D and gelsolin abolished the perfusion-induced increase in Na+current, whereas incubation with phalloidin, colchicine, paclitaxel, or acrylamide had no effect. In conclusion, the Na+ current expressed in human jejunal circular smooth muscle cells appears to be regulated by the cytoskeleton. An intact actin cytoskeleton is required for perfusion-induced activation of the Na+ current.

scholarly journals Expression of PDE11A in Normal and Malignant Human Tissues

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 895-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. D'Andrea ◽  
Yuhong Qiu ◽  
Donna Haynes-Johnson ◽  
Sheela Bhattacharjee ◽  
Patricia Kraft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Intracellular Camp ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Human Carcinomas

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 11A (PDE11A) is the newest member in the PDE family. Although the tissue distribution of PDE11A mRNA has been shown, its protein expression pattern has not been well studied. The goal of this report is to investigate the distribution of PDE11A proteins in a wide range of normal and malignant human tissues. We utilized a polyclonal antibody that recognized all four PDE11A isoforms. Its specificity was demonstrated by Western blot analysis on a recombinant human PDE11A protein and native PDE11A proteins in various human tissues. Immunohistochemistry showed that PDE11A is widely expressed. Various degrees of immunoreactivity were observed in the epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells of all tissues examined. The highest expression was in the epithelial, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells of the prostate, Leydig, and spermatogenic cells of the testis, the tubule epithelial cells in the kidney, the epithelial and endothelial cells in the adrenal, the epithelial cells and macrophages in the colon, and the epidermis in the skin. Furthermore, PDE11A expression was also detected in several human carcinomas. Our results suggest that PDE11A might be involved in multiple physiological processes in various organs via its ability to modulate intracellular cAMP and cGMP levels.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document