Demonstration of specific antibodies in the central nervous system of horses naturally infected with Borna disease virus

1977 ◽  
Vol 163 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanns Ludwig ◽  
Peter Theinn
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Borna Disease Virus ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Borna Disease

scholarly journals Borna Disease Virus Accelerates Inflammation and Disease Associated with Transgenic Expression of Interleukin-12 in the Central Nervous System

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (23) ◽  
pp. 12223-12232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Freude ◽  
Jürgen Hausmann ◽  
Markus Hofer ◽  
Ngan Pham-Mitchell ◽  
Iain L. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Borna Disease Virus ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Borna Disease

ABSTRACT Targeted expression of biologically active interleukin-12 (IL-12) in astrocytes of the central nervous system (CNS) results in spontaneous neuroimmunological disease of aged mice. Borna disease virus (BDV) can readily multiply in the mouse CNS but does not trigger disease in most strains. Here we show that a large percentage of IL-12 transgenic mice developed severe ataxia within 5 to 10 weeks after infection with BDV. By contrast, no disease developed in mock-infected IL-12 transgenic and wild-type mice until 4 months of age. Neurological symptoms were rare in infected wild-type animals, and if they occurred, these were milder and appeared later. Histological analyses showed that the cerebellum of infected IL-12 transgenic mice, which is the brain region with strongest transgene expression, contained large numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as lower numbers of B cells, whereas other parts of the CNS showed only mild infiltration by lymphocytes. The cerebellum of diseased mice further showed severe astrogliosis, calcifications and signs of neurodegeneration. BDV antigen and nucleic acids were present in lower amounts in the inflamed cerebellum of infected transgenic mice than in the noninflamed cerebellum of infected wild-type littermates, suggesting that IL-12 or IL-12-induced cytokines exhibited antiviral activity. We propose that BDV infection accelerates the frequency by which immune cells such as lymphocytes and NK cells enter the CNS and then respond to IL-12 present in the local milieu causing disease. Our results illustrate that infection of the CNS with a virus that is benign in certain hosts can be harmful in such normally disease-resistant hosts if the tissue is unfavorably preconditioned by proinflammatory cytokines.

scholarly journals Intrinsic responses to Borna disease virus infection of the central nervous system

1996 ◽  
Vol 93 (23) ◽  
pp. 13345-13350 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Morimoto ◽  
D. C. Hooper ◽  
A. Bornhorst ◽  
S. Corisdeo ◽  
M. Bette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Borna Disease Virus ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Borna Disease

Infection of the enteric nervous system by Borna disease virus

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A328-A328
Author(s):  
H PFANNKUCHE ◽  
J RICHT ◽  
M SCHEMANN ◽  
J SEEGER ◽  
G GAEBEL
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Borna Disease Virus ◽  
Borna Disease

scholarly journals Visualizing Viral Dissemination in the Mouse Nervous System, Using a Green Fluorescent Protein-Expressing Borna Disease Virus Vector

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 5438-5442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Ackermann ◽  
Timo Guelzow ◽  
Peter Staeheli ◽  
Urs Schneider ◽  
Bernd Heimrich
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Green Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Gfp Expression ◽  
Borna Disease Virus ◽  
Viral Dissemination ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Green Fluorescent ◽  
Borna Disease

ABSTRACT Borna disease virus (BDV) frequently persists in the brain of infected animals. To analyze viral dissemination in the mouse nervous system, we generated a mouse-adapted virus that expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP). This viral vector supported GFP expression for up to 150 days and possessed an extraordinary staining capacity, visualizing complete dendritic arbors as well as individual axonal fibers of infected neurons. GFP-positive cells were first detected in cortical areas from where the virus disseminated through the entire central nervous system (CNS). Late in infection, GFP expression was found in the sciatic nerve, demonstrating viral spread from the central to the peripheral nervous system.

scholarly journals The involvement of Central Nervous System and sequence variability of Severe Adult Respiratory Syndrome – Coronavirus-2 revealed in autopsy tissue samples: a case report.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lis Høy Marbjerg ◽  
Christina Jacobsen ◽  
Jannik Fonager ◽  
Claus Bøgelund ◽  
Morten Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Central Nervous System Infection ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Forensic Autopsy ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Perivascular Inflammation ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Background: The case presented here illustrates that interdisciplinary teamwork can be essential for the understanding of the COVID-19 disease presentation and enlightening of the pathophysiology. Case presentation: A 60-years-old overweight woman without any comorbidities was found dead in her apartment after 14 days of home isolation due to suspicion on the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). She had reported symptoms of tachycardia, fever, and increasing respiratory difficulty one day before her death. Due to the Danish legal act on sudden deaths a forensic autopsy was performed including a thorough examination and biosampling. The results of the forensic autopsy displayed sever densified, almost airless, firm lungs, and an unspecific reactive minimal focal perivascular inflammation consisting of macrophages of the brain tissue. The final diagnosis, COVID-19 with involvement of the central nervous system was established by use of the RT-RNA analysis on cerebrospinal fluid, as well as by serologic detection of the specific antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 in cerebrospinal fluid and serum. The genetic analysis displayed a 2 % variation between SARS-CoV-2 isolates recovered from the tracheal sample, cerebrospinal fluid, and tissues from both lungs.Conclusion: The combination of all available results revealed that the cause of death was COVID-19 with severe pulmonary disease and neuroinvasion, as well as renal affection resulting in hyponatremia. To our knowledge, it was not shown previously that neuroinvasion could be confirmed by the detection of specific antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 specific RNA in cerebrospinal fluid. This case supports hypotheses that SARS-CoV-2 may cause central nervous system infection. The genetic distinction between SARS-CoV-2 isolates was done by whole-genome sequencing, where the isolate recovered from the cerebrospinal fluid was the most different.

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