Effective method of drilling soil exploration boreholes in frozen ground

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-121
Author(s):  
V. I. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Soil Exploration

MONITORING THE DYNAMICS OF THERMOABRASION COASTS AT KHARASAVEY AREA, WESTERN YAMAL (KARA SEA)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Kuznetsov ◽  
Dmitry Kuznetsov ◽  
Anatoliy Kamalov ◽  
Anatoliy Kamalov ◽  
Nataliya Belova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Impact ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Yamal Peninsula ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Coastal Dynamics ◽  
The North ◽  
Ice Content

The dynamics of thermoabrasion coasts on loose sediments under permafrost conditions are highly variable due to several factors: length of the dynamic period of the year, mechanic composition of the frozen ground and its ice content, hydrometeorological conditions, and human impact. Multiannual monitoring of the coastal zone was carried out by Lab. Geoecology of the North (Moscow State University) at the 22 km long Kharasavey deposit site, Western Coast of Yamal Peninsula (Kara Sea). The methods include direct measurements and observations (repeated topographic survey of shore transects from 1981 to 2012) along with remote sensing data analysis (images from 1964 to 2011). This allowed producing detailed characteristics of coastal dynamics. At the site, thermoabrasion coasts occupy the most part, and accumulative coasts are present in the north. Data on natural relief forming factors and ground composition are included in the detailed geomorphologic map of the site. Shore retreat rate shows correlation to amounts of wind-wave energy and to specific wind directions. Human impact on the coast includes dredging at the port channel, mining of sand, driving motor vehicles, and deposition of construction debris. Relations between shore retreat rate and aforementioned factors were studied, including dependencies on ice content, and shore segmentation was carried out. This allows for coastal dynamics forecasts in the region.

The Penetrometer and Soil Exploration

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. viii-viii
Author(s):  
David A. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Soil Exploration

Oxidative stability in raw, cooked, and frozen ground beef using Epazote (Chenopodium ambrosioides L.)

Meat Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 108187 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.H. Villalobos-Delgado ◽  
E.G. González-Mondragón ◽  
J. Ramírez-Andrade ◽  
A.Y. Salazar-Govea ◽  
J.T. Santiago-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽  
Frozen Ground

scholarly journals Effects of preferential flow on snowmelt partitioning and groundwater recharge in frozen soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 5017-5031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron A. Mohammed ◽  
Igor Pavlovskii ◽  
Edwin E. Cey ◽  
Masaki Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Soil Matrix ◽  
Frozen Soils ◽  
Flow Through

Abstract. Snowmelt is a major source of groundwater recharge in cold regions. Throughout many landscapes snowmelt occurs when the ground is still frozen; thus frozen soil processes play an important role in snowmelt routing, and, by extension, the timing and magnitude of recharge. This study investigated the vadose zone dynamics governing snowmelt infiltration and groundwater recharge at three grassland sites in the Canadian Prairies over the winter and spring of 2017. The region is characterized by numerous topographic depressions where the ponding of snowmelt runoff results in focused infiltration and recharge. Water balance estimates showed infiltration was the dominant sink (35 %–85 %) of snowmelt under uplands (i.e. areas outside of depressions), even when the ground was frozen, with soil moisture responses indicating flow through the frozen layer. The refreezing of infiltrated meltwater during winter melt events enhanced runoff generation in subsequent melt events. At one site, time lags of up to 3 d between snow cover depletion on uplands and ponding in depressions demonstrated the role of a shallow subsurface transmission pathway or interflow through frozen soil in routing snowmelt from uplands to depressions. At all sites, depression-focused infiltration and recharge began before complete ground thaw and a significant portion (45 %–100 %) occurred while the ground was partially frozen. Relatively rapid infiltration rates and non-sequential soil moisture and groundwater responses, observed prior to ground thaw, indicated preferential flow through frozen soils. The preferential flow dynamics are attributed to macropore networks within the grassland soils, which allow infiltrated meltwater to bypass portions of the frozen soil matrix and facilitate both the lateral transport of meltwater between topographic positions and groundwater recharge through frozen ground. Both of these flow paths may facilitate preferential mass transport to groundwater.

scholarly journals Analysis of Raindrop Size Distribution Characteristics in Permafrost Regions of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Based on New Quality Control Scheme

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma ◽  
Zhao ◽  
Yang ◽  
Xiao ◽  
Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Rain Rate ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Fall Velocity ◽  
Raindrop Size Distribution ◽  
Raindrop Size ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau ◽  
Permafrost Regions

Raindrop size distribution (DSD) can reflect the fundamental microphysics of precipitation and provide an accurate estimation of its amount and characteristics; however, there are few observations and investigations of DSD in cold, mountainous regions. We used the second-generation particle size and velocity disdrometer Parsivel2 to establish a quality control scheme for raindrop spectral data obtained for the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in 2015. This scheme included the elimination of particles in the lowest two size classes, particles >10 mm in diameter and rain rates <0.01 mm∙h−1. We analyzed the DSD characteristics for different types of precipitation and rain rates in both permafrost regions and regions with seasonally frozen ground. The precipitation in the permafrost regions during the summer were mainly solid with a large particle size and slow fall velocity, whereas the precipitation in the regions with seasonally frozen ground were mainly liquid. The DSD of snow had a broader drop spectrum, the largest particle size, the slowest fall velocity, and the largest number of particles, followed by hail. Rain and sleet shared similar DSD characteristics, with a smaller particle size, slower velocity, and smaller number of particles. The particle concentration for different classes of rain rate decreased with an increase in particle size and decreased gradually with an increase in rain rate. Precipitation with a rain rate >2 mm∙h−1 was the main contributor to the annual precipitation. The dewpoint thresholds for snow and rain in permafrost regions were 0 and 1.5 °C, respectively. The dewpoint range 0–1.5 °C was characterized by mixed precipitation with a large proportion of hail. This study provides valuable DSD information on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and can be used as an important reference for the quality control of raindrop spectral data in regions dominated by solid precipitation.

Effective and Ecological Technologies of Application of Structured Materials for Roadbed in the Permafrost Regions

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 950-955
Author(s):  
V.G. Merzlikin ◽  
G.I. Bolkina ◽  
L.N. Ignatova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal State ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Radiative Heat Exchange ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Structured Materials ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
Soil Foundation ◽  
Support Engineering

The work is devoted to effective and ecological technologies for the application of functional structured materials for roads, railways, airfields on permafrost with forced cooling of the sub-soil foundation. The physical and mathematical simulation of the thermal state of frozen ground with single and double-layer coatings was performed. The temperature profiles of a model combine roadbed on the longstanding permafrost have been calculated at winter conditions of the Northern Hemisphere. This roadbed include an upper surface coating with low thermal conductivity and high emissivity in the long-wavelength IR range at convective-radiative heat exchange. The second high-conductive subsurface coating is laid on the underlying sub-soil and ensures its cooling as the “heat pump”. The efficiency of the proposed technology of roadbed construction based on the use of non-toxic waste of numerous industrial productions. The carried out research will be in demand for the specialists of transport support, engineering glaciology, in the field of climatology, oceanology, construction, environmental measures, and also in the presentation of financial and economic forecasts of the prospects for the development of polar and subpolar regions, the Arctic and the Antarctic, and high-mountain.

Creep Parameters for Pile Settlement Equations

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
D. Stelzer ◽  
O. B. Andersland
Keyword(s):  
Static Load ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Sand Particle ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Creep Equation ◽  
Frozen Sand ◽  
Pile Settlement ◽  
Ice Content ◽  
Friction Pile

Friction pile settlement in frozen ground is tyically predicted on the basis of a creep equation relating shear stresses at the soil/pile interface to pile displacement rates. Creep parameters are used to characterize soil type, soil/ice structure, temperature, and loading conditions. Experimental tests involving model steel piles embedded in frozen sand provided data showing that change in a given test variable can alter the numerical value for some of the creep parameters. The test variables included static, incremental, and dynamic loading; pile surface roughness; soil ice content; and sand particle size. Changes observed included the apparent effect on creep rate when a small dynamic load was superimposed on the static load. A tabulation of observed creep parameter changes is included.

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