Conversion studies with substrate analogues of toluene in a sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain Tol2

1995 ◽  
Vol 164 (6) ◽  
pp. 448-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Rabus ◽  
Friedrich Widdel
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Substrate Analogues ◽  
Bacterium Strain

scholarly journals Pseudodesulfovibrio Alkaliphilus, Sp. Nov., An Alkaliphilic Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium Isolated From a Terrestrial Mud Volcano

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Frolova ◽  
Alexander Y. Merkel ◽  
Alexandra A. Kuchierskaya ◽  
Elizaveta A. Bonch-Osmolovskaya ◽  
Alexander I. Slobodkin
Keyword(s):  
Major Product ◽  
Mud Volcano ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Lactate Oxidation ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Lactate Fermentation ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Alkaliphilic Bacterium

Abstract The diversity of anaerobic microorganisms in terrestrial mud volcanoes is largely unexplored. Here we report the isolation of a novel sulfate-reducing alkaliphilic bacterium (strain F-1T) from a terrestrial mud volcano located at the Taman peninsula, Russia. Cells of strain F-1T were Gram- -negative motile vibrios with a single polar flagellum; 2.0–4.0 µm in length and 0.5 µm in diameter. The temperature range for growth was 6–37°C, with an optimum at 24°C. The pH range for growth was 7.0–10.5, with an optimum at pH 9.5. Strain F-1T utilized lactate, pyruvate, and molecular hydrogen as electron donors and sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, fumarate or arsenate as electron acceptors. In the presence of sulfate the end products of lactate oxidation were acetate, H2S and CO2. Lactate and pyruvate could also be fermented. The major product of lactate fermentation was acetate. The main cellular fatty acids were anteiso-С15:0, С16:0, С18:0, and iso-С17:1ω8. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain F-1T was most closely related to Pseudodesulfovibrio aespoeensis (98.05% similarity). The total size of the genome of the novel isolate was 3.23Mb and the genomic DNA G + C content was 61.93 mol%. The genome contained all genes essential for dissimilatoty sulfate reduction. We propose to assign strain F-1T to the genus Pseudodesulfovibrio, as a new species, Pseudodesulfovibrio alkaliphilus sp. nov. The type strain is F-1T (= KCTC 15918T = VKM B-3405T).

Thermodesulfatator indicus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel thermophilic chemolithoautotrophic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from the Central Indian Ridge

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Moussard ◽  
S. L'Haridon ◽  
B. J. Tindall ◽  
A. Banta ◽  
P. Schumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Central Indian Ridge ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
The Family ◽  
Fermentative Growth ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Indian Ridge ◽  
Ph Range

A thermophilic, marine, anaerobic, chemolithoautotrophic, sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain CIR29812T, was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent site at the Kairei vent field on the Central Indian Ridge. Cells were Gram-negative motile rods that did not form spores. The temperature range for growth was 55–80 °C, with an optimum at 70 °C. The NaCl concentration range for growth was 10–35 g l−1, with an optimum at 25 g l−1. The pH range for growth was 6–6·7, with an optimum at approximately pH 6·25. H2 and CO2 were the only electron donor and carbon source found to support growth of the strain. However, several organic compounds were stimulatory for growth. Sulfate was used as electron acceptor, whereas elemental sulfur, thiosulfate, sulfite, cystine, nitrate and fumarate were not. No fermentative growth was observed with malate, pyruvate or lactate. The phenotypic characteristics of strain CIR29812T were similar to those of Thermodesulfobacterium hydrogeniphilum, a recently described thermophilic, chemolithoautotrophic sulfate-reducer. However, phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the new isolate was distantly related to members of the family Thermodesulfobacteriaceae (similarity values of less than 90 %). The chemotaxonomic data (fatty acids and polar lipids composition) also indicated that strain CIR29812T could be distinguished from Thermodesulfobacterium commune, the type species of the type genus of the family Thermodesulfobacteriaceae. Finally, the G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain CIR29812T (46·0 mol%) was not in the range of values obtained for members of this family. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genomic features, it is proposed that strain CIR29812T represents a novel species of a new genus, Thermodesulfatator, of which Thermodesulfatator indicus is the type species. The type strain is CIR29812T (=DSM 15286T=JCM 11887T).

scholarly journals Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans sp. nov., a novel n-alkene-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium, and emended description of the genus Desulfatibacillum

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1639-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiana Cravo-Laureau ◽  
Robert Matheron ◽  
Catherine Joulian ◽  
Jean-Luc Cayol ◽  
Agnès Hirschler-Réa
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase ◽  
The Family ◽  
Emended Description ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Curved Rod

An alkene-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain PF2803T, was isolated from oil-polluted sediments (Fos Harbour, France). The cells were found to be Gram-negative, non-sporulating, non-motile and to have a slightly curved rod shape. Optimum growth occurred at 1 % (w/v) NaCl, pH 6·8 and 28–30 °C. Strain PF2803T oxidized alkenes (from C8 to C23). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 57·8 mol% (HPLC). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, strain PF2803T belongs to the family ‘Desulfobacteraceae’ in the class ‘Deltaproteobacteria’, with Desulfatibacillum aliphaticivorans as its closest relative (99·6 % identity). Comparative sequence analyses of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase (dsrAB) gene supported the affiliation of strain PF2803T to the genus Desulfatibacillum. DNA–DNA hybridization with its closest taxon demonstrated 48·4 % similarity. On the basis of the results of physiological and genetic analyses, strain PF2803T is identified as a novel species of the genus Desulfatibacillum, for which the name Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PF2803T (=DSM 16219T=ATCC BAA-924T).

scholarly journals Anaerobic Transformation of Alkanes to Fatty Acids by a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium, Strain Hxd3

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 3892-3900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Ming So ◽  
Craig D. Phelps ◽  
L. Y. Young
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Initial Attack ◽  
Alkane Degradation ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Alkane Chain

ABSTRACT Strain Hxd3, an alkane-degrading sulfate reducer previously isolated and described by Aeckersberg et al. (F. Aeckersberg, F. Bak, and F. Widdel, Arch. Microbiol. 156:5-14, 1991), was studied for its alkane degradation mechanism by using deuterium and 13C-labeled compounds. Deuterated fatty acids with even numbers of C atoms (C-even) and 13C-labeled fatty acids with odd numbers of C atoms (C-odd) were recovered from cultures of Hxd3 grown on perdeuterated pentadecane and [1,2-13C2]hexadecane, respectively, underscoring evidence that C-odd alkanes are transformed to C-even fatty acids and vice versa. When Hxd3 was grown on unlabeled hexadecane in the presence of [13C]bicarbonate, the resulting 15:0 fatty acid, which was one carbon shorter than the alkane, incorporated a 13C label to form its carboxyl group. The same results were observed when tetradecane, pentadecane, and perdeuterated pentadecane were used as the substrates. These observations indicate that the initial attack of alkanes includes both carboxylation with inorganic bicarbonate and the removal of two carbon atoms from the alkane chain terminus, resulting in a fatty acid one carbon shorter than the original alkane. The removal of two terminal carbon atoms is further evidenced by the observation that the [1,2-13C2]hexadecane-derived fatty acids contained either two 13C labels located exclusively at their acyl chain termini or none at all. Furthermore, when perdeuterated pentadecane was used as the substrate, the 14:0 and 16:0 fatty acids formed both carried the same numbers of deuterium labels, while the latter was not deuterated at its carboxyl end. These observations provide further evidence that the 14:0 fatty acid was initially formed from perdeuterated pentadecane, while the 16:0 fatty acid was produced after chain elongation of the former fatty acid with nondeuterated carbon atoms. We propose that strain Hxd3 anaerobically transforms an alkane to a fatty acid through a mechanism which includes subterminal carboxylation at the C-3 position of the alkane and elimination of the two adjacent terminal carbon atoms.

scholarly journals Desulfotomaculum carboxydivorans sp. nov., a novel sulfate-reducing bacterium capable of growth at 100 % CO

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 2159-2165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofiya N. Parshina ◽  
Jan Sipma ◽  
Yutaka Nakashimada ◽  
Anne Meint Henstra ◽  
Hauke Smidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Moderately Thermophilic ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Desulfotomaculum Nigrificans ◽  
Paper Mill Wastewater

A moderately thermophilic, anaerobic, chemolithoheterotrophic, sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain CO-1-SRBT, was isolated from sludge from an anaerobic bioreactor treating paper mill wastewater. Cells were Gram-positive, motile, spore-forming rods. The temperature range for growth was 30–68 °C, with an optimum at 55 °C. The NaCl concentration range for growth was 0–17 g l−1; there was no change in growth rate until the NaCl concentration reached 8 g l−1. The pH range for growth was 6·0–8·0, with an optimum of 6·8–7·2. The bacterium could grow with 100 % CO in the gas phase. With sulfate, CO was converted to H2 and CO2 and part of the H2 was used for sulfate reduction; without sulfate, CO was completely converted to H2 and CO2. With sulfate, strain CO-1-SRBT utilized H2/CO2, pyruvate, glucose, fructose, maltose, lactate, serine, alanine, ethanol and glycerol. The strain fermented pyruvate, lactate, glucose and fructose. Yeast extract was necessary for growth. Sulfate, thiosulfate and sulfite were used as electron acceptors, whereas elemental sulfur and nitrate were not. A phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences placed strain CO-1-SRBT in the genus Desulfotomaculum, closely resembling Desulfotomaculum nigrificans DSM 574T and Desulfotomaculum sp. RHT-3 (99 and 100 % similarity, respectively). However, the latter strains were completely inhibited above 20 and 50 % CO in the gas phase, respectively, and were unable to ferment CO, lactate or glucose in the absence of sulfate. DNA–DNA hybridization of strain CO-1-SRBT with D. nigrificans and Desulfotomaculum sp. RHT-3 showed 53 and 60 % relatedness, respectively. On the basis of phylogenetic and physiological features, it is suggested that strain CO-1-SRBT represents a novel species within the genus Desulfotomaculum, for which the name Desulfotomaculum carboxydivorans is proposed. This is the first description of a sulfate-reducing micro-organism that is capable of growth under an atmosphere of pure CO with and without sulfate. The type strain is CO-1-SRBT (=DSM 14880T=VKM B-2319T).

scholarly journals Desulfovibrio gilichinskyi sp. nov., a cold-adapted sulfate-reducing bacterium from a Yamal Peninsula cryopeg

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1081-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana Ryzhmanova ◽  
Tatyana Abashina ◽  
Daria Petrova ◽  
Viktoria Shcherbakova
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Yamal Peninsula ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Subzero Temperatures ◽  
Visible Growth ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Gene Similarity

A psychrotolerant non-spore-forming sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain K3ST, was isolated from a Yamal Peninsula cryopeg within permafrost. Strain K3ST grew at subzero temperatures and required Na+ for growth. The new bacterium was able to use lactate, formate, pyruvate, fumarate, alanine, ethanol and molecular hydrogen as electron donors in the presence of sulfate, and used sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate and elemental sulfur as electron acceptors in the presence of lactate. Fe(III)-citrate and Fe(III)-EDTA were reduced without visible growth. Major polar lipids were рhosphatidylserine, рhosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipids, cardiolipin and aminolipid; major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7; and the predominant isoprenoid quinone was MK-6 (H2). The genomic DNA G+C content was found to be 42.33 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the closest relative of the new isolate was Desulfovibrio ferrireducens strain 61T with 97.1 % 16S rRNA gene similarity. In addition, the ANI value between strain K3ST and D. ferrireducens 61T was 82.1 %. On the basis of the genomic and polyphasic taxonomy data of strain K3ST, we conclude that the strain is a representative of a novel species Desulfovibrio gilichinskyi sp. nov. (=VKM B-2877T=DSM 100341T).

scholarly journals Desulfopila inferna sp. nov., a sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from the subsurface of a tidal sand-flat

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1626-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Gittel ◽  
Michael Seidel ◽  
Jan Kuever ◽  
Alexander S. Galushko ◽  
Heribert Cypionka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sand Flat ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Tidal Sand ◽  
Branched Chain

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, sulfate-reducing bacterium (strain JS_SRB250LacT) was isolated from a tidal sand-flat in the German Wadden Sea. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain JS_SRB250LacT belonged to the Desulfobulbaceae (Deltaproteobacteria), with Desulfopila aestuarii MSL86T being the closest recognized relative (94.2 % similarity). Higher similarity (96.6 %) was shared with ‘Desulfobacterium corrodens’ IS4, but this name has not been validly published. The affiliation of strain JS_SRB250LacT to the genus Desulfopila was further supported by analysis of aprBA gene sequences and shared physiological characteristics, in particular the broad range of organic electron donors used for sulfate reduction. Compared with Desulfopila aestuarii MSL86T, strain JS_SRB250LacT additionally utilized butyrate and succinate and grew chemolithoautotrophically with hydrogen as an electron donor. CO dehydrogenase activity was demonstrated, indicating that the reductive acetyl-CoA pathway (Wood–Ljungdahl pathway) was used for CO2 fixation. Results of cellular fatty acid analysis allowed chemotaxonomic differentiation of strain JS_SRB250LacT from Desulfopila aestuarii MSL86T by the presence of C17 : 0 cyclo and the absence of hydroxy and unsaturated branched-chain fatty acids. Based on phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain JS_SRB250LacT represents a novel species of the genus Desulfopila, for which the name Desulfopila inferna sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JS_SRB250LacT (=DSM 19738T =NBRC 103921T).

scholarly journals Desulfatiferula olefinivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a long-chain n-alkene-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 2699-2702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiana Cravo-Laureau ◽  
Cindy Labat ◽  
Catherine Joulian ◽  
Robert Matheron ◽  
Agnès Hirschler-Réa
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
The Family ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Long Chain

A novel anaerobic, long-chain alkene-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain LM2801T, was isolated from brackish sediment of a wastewater decantation facility of an oil refinery (Berre lagoon, France). Cells of strain LM2801T were Gram-negative, motile, slightly curved or vibrioid rods. Its optimum growth conditions were 30–36 °C, 6–10 g NaCl l−1 and pH 7.5. Strain LM2801T incompletely oxidized long-chain alkenes (from C14 to C23) and fatty acids (C14 to C24). The DNA G+C content was 45.5 mol%. Sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA and dsrAB genes indicated that the strain was a member of the family Desulfobacteraceae within the Deltaproteobacteria. This novel isolate possesses phenotypic and phylogenetic traits that do not allow its classification as a member of any previously described genus. Therefore, strain LM2801T is described as a member of a new genus, Desulfatiferula gen. nov., of which Desulfatiferula olefinivorans sp. nov. is the type species. The type strain of Desulfatiferula olefinivorans is LM2801T (=DSM 18843T =JCM 14469T).

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